Solar Composition and Its Evolution, from Core to Corona

by Frohlich, Claus; Huber, M. C. E.; Solanki, S. K.; Von Steiger, R.

• ISBN13: 9780792354963
• ISBN10: 0792354966
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1998-12-01
• Publisher: Kluwer Academic Pub

Summary

The Sun as now studied is far removed from its early models that described a homogeneous spherical body: chemical fractionation as well as considerable fine-structure in and above the solar surface and internal mixing must now be taken into account. Accordingly, attention in composition studies has shifted from absolute solar abundances toward differences in the chemical (and isotopic) composition of the different parts of the Sun: in its interior, in the structures that make up its atmosphere, and in solar-wind and other, more energetic, particle streams. As was the case with the earlier photospheric composition studies, the investigation of abundance differences results in further clues and input for understanding, in particular, mass-transport, separation and heating mechanisms. This volume contains the reviews and contributions on these topics presented at an ISSI Workshop, and it summarises the resulting discussions in rapporteur papers. The book is intended to provide both active researchers and advanced graduate students with a comprehensive up-to-date 'compte rendu' on solar composition.

Table of Contents

Foreword	xi
Unveiling the Secrets of the Sun	1	(18)
R. M. Bonnet
I: SOLAR INTERIOR
The `Standard' Sun	19	(18)
J. Christensen-Dalsgaard
Shortcomings of the Standard Solar Model	37	(12)
W. A. Dziembowski
Microphysics: Equation of State	49	(12)
W. Dappen
Opacity of Stellar Matter	61	(10)
F. J. Rogers
C. A. Iglesias
Element Settling in the Solar Interior	71	(8)
S. Vauclair
Macroscopic Transport	79	(12)
J.-P. Zahn
Solar Neutrinos	91	(14)
Y. Suzuki
Lithium Depletion in the Sun: A Study of Mixing Based on Hydrodynamical Simulations	105	(8)
T. Blocker
H. Holweger
B. Freytag
F. Herwig
H.-G. Ludwig
M. Steffen
On the Velocity and Intensity Asymmetries of Solar p-mode Lines	113	(4)
M. Gabriel
Sensitivity of Low-frequency Oscillations to Updated Solar Models	117	(8)
J. Provost
G. Berthomieu
P. Morel
Composition and Opacity in the Solar Interior	125	(8)
S. Turck-Chieze
Solar Models with Non-Standard Chemical Composition	133	(8)
S. Turcotte
J. Christensen-Dalsgaard
On the Composition of the Solar Interior	141	(20)
D. Gough
II: LOWER SOLAR ATMOSPHERE
Standard Solar Composition	161	(14)
N. Grevesse
A. J. Sauval
Structure of the Solar Photosphere	175	(12)
S. K. Solanki
The Structure of the Chromosphere	187	(16)
P. G. Judge
H. Peter
The Solar Quiet Chromosphere-Corona Transition Region	203	(12)
L. S. Anderson-Huang
FIP Fractionation: Theory	215	(12)
J.-C. Henoux
FIP Effect in the Solar Upper Atmosphere: Spectroscopic Results	227	(14)
U. Feldman
Constraints on the FIP Mechanisms from Solar Wind Abundance Data	241	(12)
J. Geiss
Element Separation in the Chromosphere	253	(8)
H. Peter
Temporal Evolution of Artificial Solar Granules	261	(8)
S. R. O. Ploner
S. K. Solanki
A. S. Gadun
A. Hanslmeier
The Lower Solar Atmosphere	269	(14)
R. J. Rutten
III: UPPER SOLAR ATMOSPHERE AND SOLAR WIND
Elemental Abundances in Coronal Structures	283	(8)
J. Raymond
R. Suleiman
J. L. Kohl
G. Noci
Structure of the Solar Wind and Compositional Variations	291	(12)
P. Bochsler
The Solar Noble Gas Record in Lunar Samples and Meteorites	303	(12)
R. Wieler
Atomic Physics for Atmospheric Composition Measurements	315	(12)
P. R. Young
H. E. Mason
Solar Energetic Particles: Sampling Coronal Abundances	327	(14)
D. V. Reames
UVCS/SOHO: The First Two Years	341	(8)
S. R. Cranmer
J. L. Kohl
G. Noci
The Expansion of Coronal Plumes in the Fast Solar Wind	349	(8)
L. Del Zanna
R. von Steiger
M. Velli
Fractionation of Si, Ne, and Mg Isotopes in the Solar Wind as Measured by SOHO/CELIAS/MTOF	357	(14)
R. Kallenbach
F. M. Ipavich
H. Kucharek
P. Bochsler
A. B. Galvin
J. Geiss
F. Gliem
G. Gloeckler
H. Grunwaldt
S. Hefti
M. Hilchenbach
D. Hovestadt
Solar EUV and UV Emission Line Observations Above a Polar Coronal Hole	371	(8)
K. Wilhelm
R. Bodmer
Solar Energetic Particle Isotopic Composition	379	(8)
D. L. Williams
R. A. Leske
R. A. Mewaldt
E. C. Stone
O5+ in High Speed Solar Wind Streams: SWICS/Ulysses Results	387	(10)
R. F. Wimmer-Schweingruber
R. von Steiger
J. Geiss
G. Gloeckler
F. M. Ipavich
B. Wilken
Element and Isotopic Fractionation in Closed Magnetic Structures	397	(10)
T. H. Zurbuchen
L. A. Fisk
G. Gloeckler
N. A. Schwadron
Composition Aspects of the Upper Solar Atmosphere	407	(12)
R. von Steiger
Is the Sun a Sun-like Star?	419	(10)
B. Gustafsson
Author Index	429	(1)
List of Participants	430