Solar Fraud

by Hayden, Howard C.

• ISBN13: 9780971484542
• ISBN10: 0971484546
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2005-01-15
• Publisher: Vales Lake Pub Llc

Table of Contents

DEDICATION	III
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS	IV
PREFACE	V
PREFACE TO THE 2ND EDITION	V
Personal Disclaimer	VIII
TABLE OF CONTENTS	IX
TABLE OF FIGURES	XVII
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION	1	(16)
JIMMY CARTER'S CALL TO ARMS	1	(6)
...but Reality Reared Its Ugly Head	2	(3)
...and Browner Invokes the Great Hydro Drop-Out	5	(2)
THE SOLAR INDUSTRY	7	(1)
SOLAR ENERGY IN PRINT	8	(3)
The Civilization-Stinks Crowd	9	(1)
The "Soft-Energy Path" of Amory Lovins	10	(1)
POST-MORTEM	11	(1)
THE HAZARDS OF FOLLOWING SOLAR SIRENS	11	(2)
ENVIRONMENTALISTS	13	(1)
THE ROADBLOCKS TO SOLAR ENERGY	13	(4)
CHAPTER 2. ENERGY IN THE US: BRIEF HISTORY	17	(30)
ENERGY AND POWER: A PRIMER	17	(2)
ENERGY HISTORY FROM 1800 TO THE PRESENT	19	(3)
IRISH SLAVE LABOR	22	(8)
Energy in Colonial America	23	(1)
Firewood in US History	24	(2)
Present Sources of US Energy	26	(1)
Sources of Energy for US Electricity	27	(2)
Heat from the Earth	29	(1)
HOW WE USE ENERGY	30	(2)
EFFICIENCY	32	(11)
Efficiency in Households	32	(2)
Efficiency in Automobiles	34	(2)
Efficiency in Heat Engines	36	(3)
Efficiency in Generators & Transformers	39	(1)
Efficiency and Reliability in Transmission lines	39	(4)
Efficiency in Wind Turbines	43	(1)
RELIABILITY	43	(1)
THE ROLE OF SOLAR ENERGY INTERNATIONALLY	44	(3)
CHAPTER 3. THE SOLAR DRUMBEAT	47	(32)
SOLAR CHEERLEADERS	47	(1)
POLLYANNAS	48	(5)
HIGH PRIESTS	53	(2)
PUPPETEERS	55	(11)
Thou Shalt Obey Thy Government	63	(3)
STATISTICAL SMOKE GENERATORS	66	(8)
THE DON QUIXOTES	74	(2)
CARPETBAGGERS	76	(3)
CHAPTER 4. QUESTIONS FOR INQUIRING MINDS	79	(10)
QUESTIONS ABOUT HOME HEATING	79	(3)
A real example of a solar house	80	(2)
QUESTIONS ABOUT THE IMPACT	82	(1)
QUESTIONS ABOUT NIGHTTIME AND WEATHER	83	(1)
QUESTIONS ABOUT US AND INTERNATIONAL POLITICS	84	(1)
QUESTIONS ABOUT SEASONAL VARIATIONS	84	(1)
QUESTIONS BLOWING IN THE WIND	84	(1)
QUESTIONS ABOUT HYDROPOWER	85	(1)
QUESTIONS ABOUT THE OCEANS	85	(1)
QUESTIONS ABOUT FIREWOOD	85	(1)
QUESTIONS ABOUT GEOGRAPHY	85	(1)
QUESTIONS ABOUT SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING	86	(3)
CHAPTER 5. WE HAVE ONE SUN	89	(14)
NUMBERS LARGE AND SMALL	89	(1)
COMPLICATIONS FROM WEIRD SOLAR UNITS	90	(2)
1. Energy	91	(1)
2. Time	91	(1)
3. Area	91	(1)
THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM OF UNITS (SI)	92	(2)
WATTS AND JOULES	94	(1)
THE UNDERLYING SIMPLICITY	95	(1)
BAD UNITS ARE ONE CAUSE OF DISAGREEMENTS	96	(1)
SIMPLICITY THROUGH RATIONAL UNITS	97	(2)
US ENERGY FROM SOLAR?	99	(1)
TRANSLATING	99	(1)
THE SEASONS	100	(2)
PHYSICAL LAWS	102	(1)
CHAPTER 6. CONSERVATION AND EFFICIENCY	103	(12)
CONSERVATION	103	(2)
Why bother saving energy?	103	(2)
VISIONS OF THE FUTURE	105	(1)
A Dissident View	106	(1)
HOME INSULATION	106	(5)
Insulation	107	(4)
CONTRARY TO POPULAR BELIEF	111	(3)
What Conservation is NOT	111	(1)
What High Efficiency Will Not Do	112	(2)
SUMMARY	114	(1)
CHAPTER 7. BIOMASS	115	(10)
EFFICIENCY OF BIOMASS PRODUCTION	115	(2)
SPLIT WOOD, NOT ATOMS!	117	(1)
ETHANOL FROM CORN!	118	(4)
The Ethanol Lobby	119	(1)
In the Still of the Night	120	(2)
MANURE!	122	(1)
EXPECTATIONS	123	(2)
CHAPTER 8. HYDROPOWER IS SOLAR POWER	125	(8)
HYDROPOWER IN THE US ENERGY PICTURE	127	(4)
Example: A Local Non-Solution	129	(1)
Worldwide Hydropower	129	(1)
Exercising Your Quads	130	(1)
WHO'S OPPOSED TO HYDROPOWER?	131	(2)
CHAPTER 9. WIND POWER IS SOLAR POWER	133	(38)
WIND POWER IS ANCIENT. WIND-GENERATED ELECTRICITY IS NEW	133	(1)
HOW WIND TURBINES WORK	134	(8)
Wind Turbines, Old and New	135	(1)
A Wind Turbine's Job Is to Stop the Air	135	(2)
Propeller Size and Windspeed	137	(2)
Nameplate Power and Capacity Factor	139	(2)
Case Study 1: Lake Benton I, Minnesota	141	(1)
Caveat Emptor: Availability Factor	142	(1)
CONSTRAINTS	142	(1)
PLACEMENT OF THE WIND TURBINE	143	(9)
Arrangement for Wind Farms	144	(2)
Case Study 2: Navitas/Minnesota	146	(1)
Case Study 3: Chanarambie/Minnesota	146	(1)
Case Study 4: Big Spring, Texas	146	(1)
Case Study 5: Kotzebue, Alaska	147	(1)
Case Study 6: Green Mountain, Vermont	147	(1)
Case Study 7: South Dakota	147	(1)
Case Study 8: Lamar, Colorado	148	(1)
Case Study 9: Altamont Pass, California	148	(1)
Case Study 10: High Winds Energy Center, Solano County, CA	148	(1)
Scaling It Up	148	(3)
Small Units for Home and Farm	151	(1)
A FEW MORE PROBLEMS	152	(16)
The Wind Turbine Meets the Power Line	152	(4)
Maintenance	156	(2)
Safety	158	(2)
Transmission Lines for Wind Farms	160	(1)
The Glass Circus Tent	161	(2)
Small is Beautiful	163	(2)
Power Quality	165	(3)
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS	168	(1)
WIND SUBSIDIES	168	(3)
CHAPTER 10. DIRECT SOLAR HEAT	171	(10)
THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT	171	(5)
AVOIDING THE EXPENSE	176	(1)
HEATING THE POOL	176	(2)
DOMESTIC HOT WATER	178	(1)
THE MARKET FOR SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS	179	(1)
MORE SOBERING STATISTICS	180	(1)
CHAPTER 11. FREE ELECTRICITY!	181	(28)
SOME SOLAR INSTALLATIONS	181	(6)
Solar Two	182	(5)
SEGS (LUZ International)	187	(4)
PHOTOVOLTAICS	191	(1)
LIMITATIONS ON THE EFFICIENCY OF PHOTOCELLS	192	(4)
The Quantum Limitation	193	(2)
Best Uses of PV Cells	195	(1)
EXOTIC MATERIALS!	196	(1)
THE PRICE WILL FALL THROUGH THE FLOOR!	197	(6)
USE THE DESERTS!	203	(1)
PUT 'EM ON THE ROOF!	204	(2)
Happy Regrets	205	(1)
SOLAR CARS!	206	(1)
IDEAS FOR THE FUTURE	206	(3)
CHAPTER 12. MISCELLANEOUS NON-SOLAR "RENEWABLE" SOURCES	209	(12)
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY	209	(1)
WAVES	210	(1)
Wave Energy in Realityland	210	(1)
TIDES	211	(1)
Tidal Basins in Realityland	212	(1)
NON-SOLAR NON-SOURCE: HYDROGEN	212	(9)
Efficiency of Electrolysis	218	(1)
Using Solar Energy To Produce Hydrogen	218	(3)
CHAPTER 13. THE SOLAR FRAUD	221	(12)
LOW-TECH, HIGH-TECH	221	(2)
Natural Collection & Storage of Energy	222	(1)
Collection & Storage of Energy by Manmade Devices	222	(1)
Non-Sources of Energy	223	(1)
DELUSIONAL ECONOMICS	223	(2)
LAND USAGE	225	(2)
ENVIRONMENTAL OPPOSITION	227	(2)
Oahu Follies	228	(1)
THE ECHO CHAMBER	229	(1)
CONCLUSION	230	(3)
LIST OF TABLES	233	(2)
APPENDIX A	235	(12)
Table A1: Metric Prefixes	235	(1)
Table A2: Energy Conversion Factors	236	(1)
Table A3: Heat Contents of Fuels (By Mass)	237	(1)
Table A4: Heat Contents of Fuels (by volume)	238	(1)
Table A5: Time Units	239	(1)
Table A6: Length Units	239	(1)
Table A7: Area Units	240	(1)
Table A8: Volume units	240	(1)
Table A9: Solar Intensity Values	241	(1)
Table A10: Solar Production Values	242	(1)
Table A11: Average [thermal] power consumption (2002) (by source)	243	(1)
Table A12: Average Electrical Production 1998 & 2002 (US, by source)	244	(3)
APPENDIX B	247	(22)
HEAT ENGINES	247	(1)
INSULATION AND R-VALUE	247	(2)
EQUATION FOR WIND POWER	249	(6)
Wind-site Predictions	250	(5)
EQUATION FOR WATER POWER	255	(1)
PV CELLS AS DIODES	255	(3)
BIRDIE, BIRDIE IN THE SKY	258	(3)
Power output	259	(2)
POWER TO THE PEOPLE!	261	(1)
DEMAND INSTABILITY	262	(1)
LESS LIGHT, LESS POWER	263	(4)
WEB SITES	267	(2)
GLOSSARY	269	(4)
INDEX	273	(10)
ABOUT THE AUTHOR	283