Solid Phase Microextraction Theory and Practice

by Pawliszyn, Janusz

• ISBN13: 9780471190349
• ISBN10: 0471190349
• Additional ISBN(s): 9781560819639
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1997-04-21
• Publisher: Wiley-VCH
• More Book Details
• Purchase Benefits

Summary

Solid Phase Microextraction: Theory and Practice Janusz Pawliszyn Solid phase microextraction (SPME) is a recently proposed solvent-free sampling and sample preparation technique. SPME represents a quick, sensitive, and economical approach that can be adopted for field work and can be easily integrated with present analytical instrumentation into an automation process. Written by the inventor of the technique, Solid Phase Microextraction: Theory and Practice describes the theoretical and practical aspects of this new technology, which received an "R&D 100" Award in 1994 recognizing its invention as a major advancement in the analytical sciences. Solid Phase Microextraction: Theory and Practice, the first book on SPME, offers the reader: * An overview of SPME technique, theory, method development, and applications; * Experiments for beginners; * A summary of the practical applications of SPME in environmental, food, pharmaceutical, and forensic settings; * Material suitable for SPME courses or self-guided study.

Author Biography

Janusz Pawliszyn is Professor of Chemistry at the University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. The primary focus of his research program is the design of highly automated and integrated instrumentation for the isolation of organic materials from complex matrices and the subsequent separation, identification, and determination of these species. For his pioneering work, Professor Pawliszyn received the 1995 McBryde Medal, the 1996 Tswett Medal, the 1996 Hyphenated Techniques in Chromatography Award, and the 1996 Caledon Award. He is a member of the Editorial Boards of the Journal of Microcolumn Separations. The Analyst, and Field Analytical Chemistry and Technology. He presently holds the Supelco-Varian-NSERC Industrial Research Chair in New Analytical Methods and Technologies.

Table of Contents

1. SOLID PHASE MICROEXTRACTION IN PERSPECTIVE	1	(10)
1.1 Overview	1	(2)
1.2 Solvent-Free Sample Preparation Techniques	3	(5)
References	8	(3)
2. OPERATING PRINCIPLES AND CONSTRUCTION OF SPME DEVICES	11	(32)
2.1 Historical Perspective on the Early Work	11	(4)
2.2 Basic Principle of Solid Phase Microextraction	15	(1)
2.3 Extraction Modes	16	(6)
2.4 Coatings	22	(2)
2.5 Experimental Parameters that Affect Extraction Efficiency	24	(3)
2.6 Derivatization	27	(4)
2.7 Interfaces to Analytical Instrumentation	31	(7)
2.8 Commercial Devices	38	(3)
References	41	(2)
3. THEORY OF SOLID PHASE MICROEXTRACTION	43	(54)
3.1 Introduction	43	(1)
3.2 Thermodynamics	44	(13)
3.3 Kinetics	57	(32)
3.4 Experimental Verification	89	(6)
References	95	(2)
4. SPME METHOD DEVELOPMENT	97	(44)
4.1 Coating Selection	97	(4)
4.2 Derivatization Reagent Selection	101	(3)
4.3 Extraction Mode Selection	104	(3)
4.4 Agitation Technique Selection	107	(3)
4.5 Selection of a Manual vs Automated System	110	(1)
4.6 Selection of Separation and/or Detection Technique	110	(1)
4.7 Optimization of Desorption Conditions	111	(6)
4.8 Optimization of Sample Volume	117	(5)
4.9 Determination of Extraction Time Profile in Pure Matrix	122	(1)
4.10 Determination of Extraction Time	123	(2)
4.11 Calculation of the Distribution Constant	125	(3)
4.12 Optimization of Extraction Conditions	128	(3)
4.13 Determination of Linear Dynamic Range of the Method for a Pure Matrix at Optimum Extraction Conditions	131	(2)
4.14 Selection of the Calibration Method	133	(1)
4.15 Optimization of Extraction Conditions for Heterogeneous Samples	133	(1)
4.16 Verification of the Equilibration Time, Sensitivity, and Linear Dynamic Range for a Complex Sample Matrices	134	(1)
4.17 Method Precision	135	(2)
4.18 Method Detection Limits	137	(1)
4.19 Validation	137	(2)
4.20 Automation	139	(1)
References	139	(2)
5. APPLICATIONS	141	(52)
5.1 Gaseous Matrix	142	(11)
5.2 Liquid Matrix	153	(5)
5.3 Solid Matrix	158	(3)
5.4 Environmental	161	(9)
5.5 Food and Pharmaceutical	170	(4)
5.6 Clinical and Forensic	174	(3)
5.7 Future Analytical Applications	177	(3)
5.8 Physicochemical Applications	180	(9)
References	189	(4)
6. EXPERIMENTS	193	(16)
6.1 Determination of BTEX in Water	193	(7)
6.2 Determination of Pesticides in Water	200	(4)
6.3 Determination of Caffeine in Beverages	204	(5)
A. THEORETICAL ANALYZES	209	(20)
A.1 Estimation of the Distribution Constant for an Internally Cooled Fiber	209	(3)
A.2 Analysis of Diffusion in and Near the Fiber Coating, without or with "In-Fibre" Derivatization	212	(9)
A.3 One-Dimensional Analysis of Diffusion in a Headspace SPME System	221	(6)
References	227	(2)
B. LIST OF ARTICLES PUBLISHED ON SPME APPLICATIONS	229	(14)
Glossary	243	(2)
Index	245