Sources of Japanese Tradition

by De Bary, William Theodore

• ISBN13: 9780231121385
• ISBN10: 0231121385
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2001-05-01
• Publisher: Columbia Univ Pr

Summary

Sources of Japanese Tradition is a best-selling classic, unrivaled for its wide selection of source readings on history, society, politics, education, philosophy, and religion in the Land of the Rising Sun. In this long-awaited second edition, the editors have revised or retranslated most of the texts in the original 1958 edition, and added a great many selections not included or translated before. They have also restructured volume 1 to span the period from the early Japanese chronicles to the end of the sixteenth century. New additions include:o readings on early and medieval Shinto and on the tea ceremony,o readings on state Buddhism and Chinese political thought influential in Japan, ando sections on women's education, medieval innovations in the uses of history, and laws and precepts of the medieval warrior houses.Together, the selections shed light on the development of Japanese civilization in its own terms, without reference to Western parallels, and will continue to assist generations of students and lay readers in understanding Japanese culture.

Table of Contents

Preface	xvii
Explanatory Note	xix
Contributors	xxi
Chronological Table	xxiii
PART ONE Early Japan	1	(122)
The Earliest Records of Japan	3	(14)
Japan in the Chinese Dynastic Histories	5	(8)
Accounts of the Eastern Barbarians	6	(1)
History of the Kingdom of Wei (Wei zhi) ca. 297 C. E.	6	(2)
History of the Latter Han Dynasty (Hou Han shu) ca. 445 C. E.	8	(1)
History of the Liu Song Dynasty (Songshu) ca. 513 C. E.	9	(1)
History of the Sui Dynasty (Sui shu) ca. 630 C. E.	10	(2)
New History of the Tang Dynasty (Xin Tang shu)	12	(1)
The Earliest Japanese Chronicles	13	(4)
Birth of the Land	13	(2)
Preface to Records of Ancient Matters (Kojiki)	15	(2)
Early Shinto	17	(23)
Legends Concerning Shinto Deities	19	(12)
Birth of the Sun Goddess	20	(1)
The Divine Creation of the Imperial Ancestors	21	(2)
Legends Concerning Susa-no-o	23	(1)
Susa-no-o and the Sun Goddess	24	(1)
Susa-no-o in Izumo	25	(2)
Descent of the Divine Grandson with the Three Imperial Regalia	27	(1)
Princess Yamato and Prince Plenty	28	(1)
The Founding of Izumo	29	(1)
Enshrinement of Amaterasu	30	(1)
Shinto Prayers (Norito)	31	(9)
Norito for the Festival of the Sixth Month	31	(2)
The Blessing of the Great Palace	33	(1)
The Great Exorcism of the Last Day of the Sixth Month	34	(2)
Moving the Shrine of the Great Deity at Ise	36	(1)
Driving Away a Vengeful Deity	36	(2)
Congratulatory Words of the Chieftain of Izumo	38	(2)
Prince Shotoku and His Constitution	40	(23)
Internal Strife in the Late Sixth Century	42	(21)
The Reign of Suiko and Rule of Shotoku	46	(1)
The Empress Suiko, 592-628 C. E.	47	(3)
The Seventeen-Article Constitution of Prince Shotoku	50	(5)
The Lotus Sutra	55	(1)
Preaching the One Great Vehicle [Mahayana]	56	(1)
The Parable of the Burning House	57	(2)
The Vimalakirti Sutra (Yuima-kyo)	59	(2)
Entering the Gate of Nondualism	61	(2)
Chinese Thought and Institutions in Early Japan	63	(37)
Chinese-Style History and the Imperial Concept	70	(5)
From the Preface to Records of Ancient Matters (Kojiki)	71	(1)
Emperor Jinmu	72	(2)
Nintoku: Rule of Benevolence	74	(1)
The Reform Era	75	(9)
Fujiwara no Kamatari and the Future Emperor Tenchi	76	(1)
Inaguration of the Great Reform Era	76	(1)
Reform Edicts	77	(6)
The White Pheasant	83	(1)
The Chinese Model of Rulership (Denis Twitchett)	84	(16)
Taizong: Plan for an Emperor (Difan) (Denis Twitchett)	85	(4)
The Commentary on the Legal Code (Ryo no gige)	89	(1)
Memorial on the Submission of the Commentary on the Legal Code	90	(1)
Regulations for Fitness Reports	91	(4)
New Compilation of the Register of Families	95	(1)
Preface in the Form of a Memorial to Emperor Saga	95	(2)
Preface to the Kaifuso	97	(3)
Nara Buddhism	100	(23)
The Sutra of the Golden Light	106	(2)
The Protection of the Country by the Four Deva Kings	107	(1)
The Flower Garland School	108	(6)
The Flower Garland Sutra	108	(1)
The Flower Garland Sutra: The Tower of Vairochana	109	(1)
The Buddha Kingdom of the Flower Garland	110	(1)
State Sponsorship and Control of Buddhism	111	(1)
The Humane King as Protector of Buddhism	112	(2)
Buddhism and the State in Nara Japan	114	(9)
Proclamation of the Emperor Shomu on the Erection of the Great Buddha Image	114	(1)
The Bodhisattva Gyogi (Yoshiko Dykstra)	115	(3)
Regulation of the Buddhist Orders by the Court	118	(1)
Edicts of the Empress Shotoku Concerning Dokyo	119	(1)
Edict of October 19, 764	119	(1)
Edict of November 26, 766	120	(1)
The Merger of Buddhist and Shinto Deities	120	(3)
PART TWO Mahayana Universalism and the Sense of Hierarchy	123	(82)
Saicho and Mt. Hiei (Ryusaku Tsunoda and Paul Groner)	125	(28)
The Tendai Lotus Teaching	131	(19)
Guanding: On the Five Periods of the Buddha's Teaching (Daniel Stevenson)	133	(4)
Huisi: The Method of Calming and Contemplation in the Mahayana	137	(2)
Zhiyi: Calming and Contemplation	139	(1)
Saicho: Vow of Uninterrupted Study of the Lotus Sutra	140	(1)
Saicho: Explaining the Precepts	141	(1)
The Mahayana Precepts in Admonitions of the Fanwang Sutra	142	(3)
Regulations for Students of the Mountain School in Six Articles I	145	(2)
Regulations for Students of the Mountain School II	147	(3)
Subsequent History of Tendai and Mt. Hiei (Paul Groner)	150	(3)
Kukai and Esoteric Buddhism	153	(22)
Indications of the Goals of the Three Teachings (Sango shiki)	157	(5)
Kukai and His Master	162	(3)
Encounter with Huiguo	162	(3)
Enlightenment in This Bodily Existence	165	(10)
The Ten Stages of Religious Consciousness	168	(1)
Recapitulation of the Ten Stages of Religious Consciousness	169	(1)
A School of Arts and Sciences	170	(2)
Regulations for Inviting the Instructors	172	(3)
The Spread of Esoteric Buddhism	175	(22)
Prayer of the Retired Emperor Shirakawa on Offering the Tripitaka to Hachiman	180	(4)
Miracle Tales of the Bodhisattva Jizo (Yoshiko Dykstra)	184	(13)
How Mochikata Received a Miraculous Revelation	184	(1)
About the ``Malt Jizo'' of Kanuki in Suruga	185	(3)
Sex and Buddhahood - A Shingon Heresy	188	(1)
Selections from The Precious Mirror (Hokyosho)	188	(2)
Prayers for the Shogun	190	(1)
Letter of the Monk Mongaku to Shogun Yoriie A. D. 1200	190	(3)
Annen: Maxims for the Young (Dojikyo)	193	(4)
The Vocabulary of Japanese Aesthetics I	197	(8)
Murasaki Shikibu: On the Art of Fiction	201	(2)
Fujiwara Teika: Introduction to the Guide to the Composition of Poetry	203	(2)
PART THREE The Medieval Age: Despair, Deliverance, and Destiny	205	(268)
Amida, the Pure Land, and the Response of the Old Buddhism to the New	211	(27)
Traditional Pure Land Buddhism	217	(5)
Genshin: The Essentials of Salvation	217	(5)
Innovators of the New Pure Land Buddhism	222	(9)
Honen: Choosing the Original Vow for the Recitation of the Buddha's Name (Senchaku hongan nembutsu shu)	222	(3)
The One-Page Testament	225	(1)
The Lamentation and Self-Reflection of Gutoku Shinran	226	(1)
Shinran: A Record in Lament of Divergencies (Tannisho)	227	(1)
Rennyo: Rennyo's Rules	228	(1)
Items to Be Prohibited Among True Pure Land Adherents	228	(1)
Nembutsu as Gratitude	229	(1)
Ippen: Selections from A Hundred Sayings	229	(2)
The Revival of Earlier Buddhism	231	(7)
Myoe: Smashing the Evil Chariot	231	(3)
The Meaning of the Kegon Practice of Meditation, Clarity of Insight, and Entry into the Gate of Deliverance	234	(1)
Jokei: Gedatsu Shonin's Petition for Reviving the Precepts	235	(3)
New Views of History (Paul Varley)	238	(27)
Historical Tales (Rekishi monogatari)	240	(10)
A Tale of Flowering Fortunes (Eiga monogatari)	242	(1)
Fujiwara no Michinaga: Flowering Fortunes	243	(1)
The Great Mirror (Okagami)	244	(2)
Fujiwara no Michinaga: Flowering Fortunes, Continued	246	(4)
Medieval Uses of the Past	250	(1)
Jien	250	(7)
Gukansho	252	(2)
One Hundred Kings	254	(1)
Helping Emperors Rule	255	(1)
An Appeal to Retired Emperor Go-Toba	256	(1)
Kitabatake Chikafusa and the Southern Court	257	(8)
The Direct Succession of Gods and Sovereigns (Jinno shotoki)	258	(3)
Fujiwara and Murakami Genji as Assistants to Emperors	261	(1)
On Imperial Restoration	262	(3)
The Way of the Warrior (Paul Varley)	265	(27)
Taira and Minamoto	269	(11)
The Tale of Hogen (Hogen monogatari)	270	(2)
The Night Attack on the Shirakawa Palace	272	(2)
The Tale of the Heiji (Heiji monogatari)	274	(1)
The Burning of the Sanjo Palace	274	(2)
The Tale of the Heike (Heike monogatari)	276	(1)
``The Mighty Fall at Last, They are Dust Before the Wind''	276	(1)
Eastern Warriors	277	(1)
The Taira as Courtier-Warriors	278	(2)
The Mongol Invasions of Japan	280	(12)
The Mongol Scrolls	282	(2)
Chronicle of Great Peace (Taiheiki): The Loyalist Heroes	284	(8)
Nichiren: The Sun and the Lotus (Philip Yampolsky)	292	(14)
Nichiren: ``Rectification for the Peace of the Nation'' (Rissho ankoku ron)	295	(4)
The Eye-Opener	299	(3)
The True Object of Worship (Kanjin Honzon Sho)	302	(4)
Zen Buddhism (William Bodiford)	306	(30)
Zen in Japan	308	(28)
Eisai: Propagation of Zen for the Protection of the State (Kozen gokokuron)	311	(2)
Zen and Precepts	313	(1)
The Darumashu	314	(1)
Language	315	(1)
Ten Facilities for Zen Monasticism	316	(2)
Essentials for Monastics (Shukke taiko)	318	(1)
Dogen: How to Practice Buddhism (Bendowa)	319	(6)
The Fully Apparent Case (Genjo Koan)	325	(1)
Buddha Nature (Bussho)	326	(2)
Muso Soseki: ``Sermon at the Dedication of Tenryu-ji Dharma Hall'' (from Muso Kokushi goroku)	328	(2)
``Reflections on the Enmity Between Go-Daigo and the Shogun, Ashikaga Takauji'' (from Muso kokushi goroku)	330	(2)
Ikkyu Sojun: The Errant Cloud Collection (Kyounshu)	332	(4)
Shinto in Medieval Japan	336	(28)
Empress Shotoku: Edict on the Great Thanksgiving Festival	341	(17)
The Miracles of the Kasuga Deity (Royall Tyler)	342	(1)
Kofuku-ji Goes to War in the Eikyu Era	343	(1)
Sanetsune	344	(2)
Yoshida Kanetomo: Prime Shinto (Allan Grapard)	346	(10)
The Lineage of Yuiitsu-Shinto	356	(1)
Regulations of Yuiitsu-Shinto	356	(2)
Kitabatake Chikafusa: Chronicle of the Direct Descent of Gods and Sovereigns (Jinno Shotoki)	358	(6)
The Vocabulary of Japanese Aesthetics II	364	(35)
Zeami: Entering the Realm of Yugen (Donald Keene and Thomas Rimer)	369	(2)
Connecting the Arts Through One Intensity of Mind	371	(1)
The Nine Stages of the No in Order	372	(4)
The True Path to the Flower (Shikado sho)	376	(7)
Conversations with Shotetsu	383	(2)
Jakuren's Poem	385	(2)
Kamo no Chomei: Concerning Mysterious Beauty	387	(1)
The Way of Tea (Paul Varley)	388	(11)
Drink Tea and Prolong Life	393	(2)
Murata Shuko: ``Letter of the Heart''	395	(1)
The Spiritual Basis of the Tea Ceremony (from Nanporoku)	396	(1)
Purity and Purification in the Tea Ceremony (from Nanporoku)	397	(2)
Women's Education	399	(14)
General Preface to Illustrations of the Three Treasures (Edward Kamens)	401	(3)
Keisei: A Companion in Solitude (Rajyashree Pandey)	404	(2)
Muju Ichien: Mirror for Women (Robert Morrell)	406	(7)
Law and Precepts for the Warrior Houses (Paul Varley)	413	(20)
The Joei Code	415	(2)
The Law of the Muromachi Shogunate	417	(3)
The Kenmu Code	418	(2)
The Law of the Warrior Houses in the Age of War in the Provinces	420	(13)
The Yuki House Code	423	(2)
Precepts of the Warrior Houses	425	(2)
House Precepts in the Sengoku Age	427	(1)
The ``Seventeen-Article Testament of Asakura Toshikage'' (Asakura Toshikage ju-Shichi-ka-jo)	428	(3)
Takeda Nobushige: The ``Ninety-nine-Article Testament''	431	(2)
The Regime of the Unifiers (Jurgis S. A. Elisonas)	433	(40)
Oda Nobunaga	441	(17)
The Humiliation of the Shogun	441	(1)
The Articles of 1570	441	(1)
The Remonstrance of 1572	442	(2)
The Assault on Mount Hiei and the Blessings of Nobunaga	444	(3)
Nobunaga in Echizen	447	(1)
Letters from the Battleground	447	(4)
Regulations for the Province of Echizen	451	(2)
Nobunaga in Azuchi	453	(1)
The Proud Tower	453	(2)
The Free Market of Azuchi	455	(3)
Toyotomi Hideyoshi	458	(15)
Domestic Policies	458	(1)
The Disarmament of the Populace	458	(2)
Regulations for the Municipality of the Honganji	460	(1)
Restrictions on Change of Status	461	(2)
The Laws and Regulations of the Taiko	463	(2)
The Korean War	465	(1)
Letter to the King of Korea	465	(2)
Korea Day by Day	467	(6)
Bibliography	473	(8)
Index	481