Sources of Korean Tradition

by Lee, Peter H.

• ISBN13: 9780231105675
• ISBN10: 0231105673
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1996-12-01
• Publisher: Ingram Pub Services

Summary

-- Journal of Asian Studies

Table of Contents

Preface	xvii
Explanatory Note	xxi
Contributors	xxv
PART ONE Three Kingdoms and Unified Silla	1	(136)
Origins of Korean Culture	3	(15)
The Foundation Myth	4	(2)
Tangun	5	(1)
Korea in the Chinese Dynastic Histories	6	(7)
Accounts of the Eastern Barbarians	7	(1)
Puyo	7	(2)
Koguryo	9	(1)
Eastern Okcho	10	(1)
Ye	11	(1)
The Han	12	(1)
Founders of Tribal Federations	13	(5)
King Suro	14	(4)
The Rise of the Three Kingdoms	18	(16)
King Chinhung's Monument at Maun Pass	19	(1)
Development of Agriculture	20	(1)
Record of Repair of Luxuriant Dike in Yongch'on	20	(1)
Political Thought	21	(1)
Ch'ang Chori	22	(1)
Tribal Councils	22	(1)
Four Sacred Places (Silla)	23	(1)
King Kwanggaet'o Stele	23	(3)
The Kwanggaet'o Inscription	24	(2)
Social Structure	26	(1)
King Hungdok's Edict on Clothing, Carts, and Housing	27	(1)
Sol Kyedu	27	(1)
Ancient Customs	27	(7)
King Sansang: The Levirate Custom	30	(2)
Kim Yusin: Worship of the Three Guardian Spirits	32	(2)
The Introduction of Buddhism	34	(23)
Koguryo Buddhism	36	(2)
Uiyon's Research into a History of Buddhism	36	(2)
Paekche Buddhism	38	(3)
Kyomik and the Disciplinary School	39	(1)
Hyongwang and the Lotus Scripture	39	(2)
Silla Buddhism	41	(7)
Popkong Declares Buddhism the National Faith	41	(3)
Wongwang Goes to China for Study	44	(2)
Chajang Establishes the Monk's Discipline	46	(2)
Maitreya and Esoteric Buddhism	48	(3)
Maitreya's Incarnation as a Hwarang	49	(2)
Rapprochement Between Buddhism and Shamanism	51	(3)
Holy Mother of Mount Fairy Peach	51	(2)
The Bodhisattva Who Observes the Sounds of the World on Mount Nak	53	(1)
The Hwarang	54	(3)
Origins of the Hwarang	55	(1)
Kwanch'ang	55	(2)
Consolidation of the State	57	(21)
Unification of the Three Kingdoms	57	(6)
Account of the Silla-T'ang War	58	(1)
The Life of Kim Yusin	59	(2)
The Three Prophecies of Queen Sondok	61	(2)
Confucian Political Thought	63	(2)
Posthumous Epithet for King Muyol	63	(1)
King Sinmun's Proclamation of His Accession	64	(1)
Confucian Learning	65	(1)
The Royal Confucian Academy	65	(1)
Chinese Learning and the Growth of the Educated Class	66	(7)
Kangsu	67	(2)
Nokchin	69	(2)
Ch'oe Ch'iwon	71	(1)
Preface to the Kyewon p'ilgyong chip	72	(1)
Record of the Manjusri Stupa at Haein Monastery	73	(1)
Taoism	73	(5)
Yon Kaesomun (Koguryo)	75	(1)
Podok (Koguryo)	75	(1)
Inscription on an Image at Kamsan Monastery (Silla)	76	(2)
The Rise of Buddhism	78	(31)
Wonhyo's Buddhist Philosophy	80	(10)
Introduction to Exposition of the ``Adamantine Absorption Scripture''	82	(1)
Narration of Its Principal Ideas	82	(1)
Analysis of the Theme	83	(4)
Arouse Your Mind and Practice!	87	(2)
Commentary on the Awakening of Faith	89	(1)
On Revealing the Essence of the Doctrine	89	(1)
Uisang and the Flower Garland School	90	(3)
Diagram of the Dharmadhatu According to the One Vehicle	91	(2)
Wonch'uk and the Consciousness-Only School	93	(8)
Sung Fu: Memorial Inscription to Wonch'uk	93	(1)
Wonch'uk: Commentary on the Explanation of Profound Mysteries Scripture	94	(1)
The Promotion of the Various Teachings of Buddhism and the Meaning of the Title of This Scripture	95	(1)
The Life of Sungyong	96	(2)
The Life of T'aehyon	98	(1)
T'aehyon: Study Notes to the Treatise on the Completion of Consciousness-Only	98	(3)
Belief in the Pure Land	101	(4)
Ungmyon	103	(1)
Kwangdok	104	(1)
Divination Ceremonies	105	(2)
Chinp'yo	105	(2)
Copying Scriptures	107	(2)
Postface to the Flower Garland Scripture	107	(2)
Poetry and Song	109	(8)
Master Ch'ungdam: ``Statesmanship'' and ``Ode to the Knight Kip'a''	110	(2)
Master Wolmyong: ``Song of Tusita Heaven'' and ``Requiem''	112	(1)
Ch'oyong: ``Song of Ch'oyong''	113	(1)
Great Master Kyunyo: Eleven Poems on the Ten Vows of the Universally Worthy Bodhisattva	114	(1)
Worshiping and Honoring the Buddhas	115	(1)
Rejoicing in the Merit of Others	115	(1)
Constant Harmony with the Living	116	(1)
Transfer of Merit	116	(1)
Local Clans and the Rise of the Meditation School	117	(20)
The Rise of Local Chiefs	118	(2)
Chang Pogo	120	(1)
Establishment of the Meditation School	120	(11)
The Life of Musang	120	(2)
The Life of Toui	122	(2)
Toui: Questions and Answers with Chief of Clerics Chiwon	124	(1)
The Life of Sunji	125	(1)
Summary of Sunji's Teachings	126	(1)
Eight Symbols in Four Sets to Explain the Noumenon	126	(1)
Three Levels of the Attainment of Buddhahood	127	(2)
Three Types of Attainment of the Reality Limit	129	(2)
Geomancy	131	(6)
Ch'oe Yuch'ong: Stele Inscription at Jade Dragon Monastery	132	(5)
PART TWO Koryo	137	(122)
Introduction	139	(4)
Early Koryo Political Structure	143	(33)
Founding of the Later Three Kingdoms	144	(7)
Yi Kyonhwon	145	(2)
Kim Kungye	147	(4)
Founding of Koryo	151	(5)
Wang Kon: Enthronement Proclamation	152	(1)
Formation of Government	153	(1)
Wang Kon: Edict at Yesan-jin	153	(1)
Wang Kon: Ten Injunctions	154	(2)
Development of Confucian Polity I	156	(12)
Ch'oe Sungno: On the First Five Reigns	157	(4)
Ch'oe Sungno: On Current Affairs	161	(6)
Ch'oe Sungno: On Buddhism	167	(1)
Development of Confucian Polity II	168	(2)
Yi Chehyon: The Etiquette of Privy Council Meetings	169	(1)
King Hyonjong: Six Instructions to Magistrates	170	(1)
Koryo's Foreign Relations	170	(6)
So Hui: Arguments on War	171	(3)
Kim Puui: Relations with Chin	174	(1)
Memorial on Relations with Sung	175	(1)
Koryo Society	176	(14)
The Confucian Scholar	177	(2)
Ch'oe Ch'ung's Academy	178	(1)
Ch'oe Cha: Teachers and Disciples	178	(1)
Life of the Aristocrat	179	(1)
The Splendors of the Yi Clan of Kyongwon	180	(1)
The Scholar and Buddhism	180	(2)
Kim Puch'ol: The Disciplined Life of Yi Chahyon	180	(2)
The Family	182	(3)
King Songjong: Rescript on Filial Piety	182	(1)
Ch'oe Nubaek: Tomb Inscription of Yom Kyongae	183	(2)
Social Status	185	(2)
The Career of An Hyang	185	(1)
The Career of Chong Kasin	186	(1)
Hsu Ching: The Life of the People	186	(1)
Peasants and Slaves	187	(3)
The Burden of Corvee Labor	187	(1)
Inheritance of Slave Status	188	(1)
Social Mobility of Slaves	188	(2)
Military Rule and Late Koryo Reform	190	(26)
Establishment of Military Rule	191	(7)
The 1170 Military Coup	193	(1)
Ch'oe Ch'unghon: The Ten Injunctions	194	(3)
Establishment of the Personnel Authority	197	(1)
Private Armies	197	(1)
The Estates of Kim Injun	197	(1)
Civilians Under Military Rule	198	(1)
Yi Chehyon: Education Under Military Rule	198	(1)
Peasant and Slave Unrest	199	(1)
The Slave Leader Mangi's Protest	199	(1)
Manjok's Slave Rebellion	200	(1)
Relations with the Mongols	200	(5)
Resistance to the Mongol Invasion	202	(1)
Yi Chehyon: Opposition to Yuan Policies	203	(2)
Late Koryo Reforms	205	(11)
The Reforms of King Kongmin and Sin Ton	206	(2)
Yi Chehyon: Reform Proposals	208	(2)
Yi Saek: Memorial on Current Affairs	210	(2)
Pak Ch'o: Anti-Buddhist Memorial	212	(2)
Chong Tojon: Discourse on Buddhism and Confucianism	214	(2)
Buddhism: The Ch'ont'ae and Chogye Schools	216	(24)
Buddhism in Early Koryo	217	(4)
The Monk Yiom and King T'aejo	218	(1)
Teachings of Great Master Kyunyo	219	(1)
Uich'on: Instruction to the Disciple Ch'isu	220	(1)
Buddhism and Koryo Society	221	(3)
Ch'oe Chean: On Endowing a Buddhist Monastery	222	(1)
Landholdings of T'ongdo Monastery	223	(1)
The Monk Irom	223	(1)
Resurgence of Buddhism	224	(4)
Yi Kyubo: On a Trip to Ch'angbok Monastery	225	(1)
Chinul: The Compact of the Samadhi and Prajna Community	226	(2)
Chinul and the Chogye School	228	(9)
Chinul: Excerpts from the Exposition of the Flower Garland Scripture: Preface	231	(2)
Chinul: ``Straight Talk on the True Mind''	233	(1)
Chinul's Preface	233	(1)
Right Faith in the True Mind	233	(1)
Chinul: ``Secrets on Cultivating the Mind''	234	(1)
Hyesim: Preface to Collection of the Meditation School's Explanatory Verses	235	(1)
Hyesim: ``Letter in Reply to Ch'oe Hongyun''	236	(1)
Publication of the Tripitaka	237	(3)
Uich'on: Preface to a New Catalog of the Teachings of All the Schools	238	(1)
Yi Kyubo: Royal Prayer on the Occasion of the Production of the Tripitaka	239	(1)
Popular Beliefs and Confucianists	240	(19)
Native Beliefs	241	(2)
Yi Chibaek: Memorial on Territorial Integrity	242	(1)
King Uijong: Rescript on Native Traditions	242	(1)
Geomancy	243	(5)
King T'aejo's Reliance on Buddhism	244	(1)
King T'aejo and Confucian Advice	245	(1)
Kim Wije: On the Selection of a Site for the Capital	245	(1)
The Monk Myoch'ong's Use of Geomancy	246	(1)
Im Wan: Memorial on Calamities	247	(1)
Taoism and Shamanism	248	(3)
Hsu Ching: History of Koryo Taoism	249	(1)
The Popularity of Shaman Customs	250	(1)
Yi Yong's Corpse	250	(1)
Neo-Confucianism	251	(5)
An Hyang: The Introduction of Neo-Confucianism	252	(1)
The Spread of Neo-Confucianism	253	(1)
Chong Mongju and the Development of Neo-Confucianism	254	(1)
Chong Tojon: Philosophical Rebuttal of Buddhism and Taoism	254	(2)
History	256	(3)
Kim Pusik: On Presenting the Historical Record of the Three Kingdoms to the King	257	(1)
Paek Munbo: Explanation of Tangun's Significance	258	(1)
PART THREE Early Choson	259	(134)
Introduction	261	(10)
Founding the Choson Dynasty	271	(8)
King T'aejo: Founding Edict	272	(2)
Admonition to the New King	274	(3)
Moving to the New Capital	277	(2)
Political Thought in Early Choson	279	(14)
Ruling the New Dynasty	280	(1)
Kwon Kun: On Royal Action	280	(1)
On Treating Court Officials	280	(1)
On Attending Royal Lectures	281	(1)
On Rewarding Loyalty	281	(1)
New Government	281	(2)
Chong Tojon: On the Prime Minister	282	(1)
The Kingly Way	283	(2)
Yang Songji: Discussion on the Kingly Way	283	(2)
The Way of Principle	285	(1)
Cho Kwangjo: On Problems of the Time	285	(1)
Cho Kwangjo: On the Superior Man and the Inferior Man	286	(1)
On Sage Learning	286	(7)
Yi Hwang: Memorial on Six Points	288	(1)
Third: By Esteeming Sage Learning, the Basis of Good Rule Is Built	288	(2)
Yi I: Memorial in Ten Thousand Words	290	(3)
Culture	293	(18)
Invention of the Korean Alphabet	294	(2)
King Sejong: Preface to Correct Sounds to Instruct the People	295	(1)
Chong Inji: Postscript to Correct Sounds to Instruct the People	295	(1)
Ch'oe Malli: Opposition to the Korean Alphabet	296	(1)
Education and Scholarship	296	(4)
Chong Tojon: Establishment of Schools	297	(1)
Royal Confucian Academy	298	(1)
White Cloud Grotto Academy	298	(1)
Office of Special Advisers	299	(1)
The Recruitment Examinations	300	(1)
Song Hyon: On the Civil Service Examination	300	(1)
Compilation of History	301	(4)
Chong Inji: Dedication of the History of Koryo	303	(1)
Yi Kukton: Preface to the Comprehensive Mirror of the Eastern Kingdom	304	(1)
Printing Books	305	(1)
Song Hyon: On Printing	305	(1)
Science and Technology	306	(2)
The Automatic Striking Clepsydra	307	(1)
Kim Ton: Instruments to Measure Days and Nights	308	(1)
Invention and Use of Rain Gauges	308	(1)
Compilation of Medical Books	309	(2)
Kwon Ch'ae: Preface to Compilation of Native Korean Prescriptions	310	(1)
Social Life	311	(16)
Opposition to Buddhism	312	(1)
Yun Hoe: On the Harmfulness of Buddhism	312	(1)
Sin Ch'ojung: On the Deceitfulness of Buddhism	313	(1)
The Role of Rites	313	(2)
Song Hyon: The Fundamental Role of Rites	314	(1)
Funerary and Ancestral Rites	315	(1)
Yi Chi: On the Establishment of Domestic Shrines	315	(1)
Reform of Funerary Practices	316	(1)
The Position of Women	316	(5)
On Differentiating Between Main Wife and Concubine	317	(1)
On Treating the Main Wife	318	(1)
Ch'oe Hang: On Remedying the Wedding Rite	318	(1)
Prohibition Against Remarriage of Women	319	(2)
O Sukkwon: Critique of Discrimination Against Secondary Sons	321	(1)
Propagation of Confucian Values	321	(6)
Kwon Ch'ae: Preface to Illustrated Conduct of the Three Bonds	322	(1)
So Kojong: Preface to the Genealogy of the Andong Kwon	322	(1)
Sin Sukchu: House Rules	323	(1)
Make the Mind Discerning	324	(1)
Be Circumspect in Behavior	324	(1)
Be Studious	324	(1)
On Managing a Household	325	(1)
On Holding Office	325	(1)
On Instructing Women	326	(1)
Economy	327	(15)
The Land System	328	(1)
Chong Tojon: On Land	328	(1)
Promotion of Agriculture	329	(4)
Chong Ch'o: Preface to Straight Talk on Farming	331	(1)
King Sejong: Edict for the Promotion of Agriculture	331	(1)
King Munjong: Edict on Irrigation Works	332	(1)
Wealth and Commerce	333	(3)
Yi I: On Economy	334	(1)
Yu Paeksun: On Commerce	335	(1)
Circulation of Currency	336	(2)
Efforts to Introduce and Encourage the Use of Paper Currency and Metal Coins	336	(2)
Trading in Silver	338	(1)
Question of Allowing Silver in Trade with the Japanese	339	(1)
Development of Rural Markets	339	(3)
Rural Markets	340	(2)
Thought	342	(40)
Kwon Kun (1352--1409)	343	(2)
Diagrammatic Treatises: Explanation of the First Diagram	343	(2)
So Kyongdok (1489--1546)	345	(2)
The Theory of the Great Void	346	(1)
Discussion on Life and Death, Ghosts and Spirits	346	(1)
Yi Onjok (1491--1553)	347	(2)
Third Letter to Manggidang	347	(2)
Yi Hwang (1501--1570) and the Sage Learning	349	(26)
Ten Diagrams on Sage Learning	350	(1)
Diagram of the Supreme Ultimate	350	(3)
Diagram of the Western Inscription	353	(2)
Diagram of the Elementary Learning	355	(4)
Diagram of the Great Learning	359	(3)
Diagram of Rules of the White Deer Grotto Academy	362	(2)
Diagram of the Saying ``The Mind Combines and Governs the Nature and the Feelings''	364	(1)
Diagram of the Explanation of Humaneness	365	(3)
Diagram of the Study of the Mind	368	(3)
Diagram of the Admonition for Mindfulness Studio	371	(1)
Diagram of the Admonition on ``Rising Early and Retiring Late''	372	(3)
Yi I (1536--1584)	375	(7)
Letter to Song Hon	375	(7)
Buddhism	382	(11)
Kihwa (1376--1433)	383	(5)
Treatise on Manifesting Rightness	384	(4)
Kim Sisup (1435--1493)	388	(1)
On No-Thought	388	(1)
Hyujong (1520--1604)	388	(5)
Secrets of Meditation and Doctrine	389	(4)
Notes	393	(10)
Bibliography	403	(4)
Index	407