Space Physics and Aeronomy, Set

by Zhang, Yongliang; Paxton, Larry J.

• ISBN13: 9781119507482
• ISBN10: 1119507480
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2021-05-18
• Publisher: American Geophysical Union

Summary

The Space Physics and Aeronomy collection is a five-volume set of books presenting the latest scientific observations, models, and theories. Arranged sequentially, the books examine the Sun and the solar wind, magnetospheres in the Solar system, Earth's ionosphere, Earth's upper atmosphere, and the effects of space weather.

Volume 1: Solar Physics and Solar Wind — A comprehensive view of our Sun at the start of a new era in solar and heliospheric physics

Volume 2: Magnetospheres in the Solar System — An overview of current knowledge and future research directions in magnetospheric physics

Volume 3: Ionosphere Dynamics and Applications — A comprehensive review of global ionospheric research from the polar caps to equatorial regions

Volume 4: Upper Atmosphere Dynamics and Energetics — A comprehensive overview of the structure and variability of the upper atmosphere

Volume 5: Space Weather Effects and Applications — Examines how solar and terrestrial space phenomena affect sophisticated technological systems

The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals.

Find out more about the Space Physics and Aeronomy collection in this Q&A with the Editors in Chief.

Author Biography

Yongliang Zhang, Principal Professional Staff at JHU/APL, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory is Supervisor of the Space Weather Section.

Larry Paxton, Principal Professional Staff at JHU/APL, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory is Supervisor of Earth Science Group.

Table of Contents

Volume 1: At the Doorstep of our Star:Solar Physics and SolarWind
NourRaouafiand Angelos Vourlidas

 

Part I.          Introduction

Nour E. Raouafi and Angelos Vourlidas, Johns Hopkins Univ. APL (JHU/APL)

Part II.        Solar Interior

1. Advances in Helioseismology

Frank Hill, Doug Brown, Junwei Zhao, Charlie Lindsay

2          Solar Magnetic Field Generation

James Leake, Mark Linton, Yhang fan, S. Gibson, Mark Cheung, Matthias Rempel

3          Magnetic field emergence

James Leake, Mark Linton, Yhang fan, S. Gibson, Mark Cheung, Matthias Rempel

4          Solar Cycle

P Charbonneau, Mausumi Dikpati, David Hathaway, Robert Cameron

 

Part III.       Solar Surface: Magnetism and Solar Radiation

Sami Solanki, J. M. Borrero, K. D. Leka, J. Trujillo Bueno, Hector Navarro,

N. E. Raouafi, S. Gibson, J. Kuhn, Mancuso, S. White

5          Measurements techniques of solar magnetic fields

6          Active regions

7          Large scale solar magnetic fields

8          Modeling of the coronal fields

9          Solar radiation: TSI vs. SSI

 

Part IV.       Solar Flares and Coronal Mass Ejections

Lyndsay Fletcher, Sam Krucker, Russ Howard, David Web, Barbara Thomson, Ryun Young Kwon, Spiros Patsourakos, Spiro K. Antiochos, John Linker, WB Manchester

10        Phenomenology of flares and CMEs

11        Advances in the observations of flares and CMEs

12        Modeling of flares and CMEs

13        Forecast of solar activity: advances and outstanding problems

 

Part V.        Small-Scale Coronal Activity

A. Sterling, B. DePontieu, N. E. Raouafi, S. McIntosh, Peter Young, Spiros Patsourakos, Tibor Torok, Roberto Lionnello, Antonia Savcheva

14        Coronal plumes formation and evolution

15        Coronal jets: observations vs. models

16        Contribution of plumes and jets to the solar wind

17        Jets as sources of 3He rich events

 

Part VI.       The Coronal Heating Problem

Jim Klimchuk, Markus Aschwendan, Durgesh Tripathi, Helen Mason, Lars Landorf, Leon Ofman, Steve Cranmer, Marco Velli, Bill Matthaeus, Hardi Peter

18        Historical aspects of the coronal heating problem

19        Obervational sources of chromospheric and coronal heating

20        Models of coronal heating: differences and observational constraints

 

Part VII.     Solar Wind

Alexis Rouillard, Shadia Habbal, Marco Velli, Bill Matthaeus, Ben Chandran, Daniel Verscharen, Chris Kelin, Sofiane Bourouaine, Greg Howse, Jean Perez, some people from Europe

21        Observations of different regimes of the solar wind

22        Origins of the solar wind

23        Acceleration of the nascent coronal solar wind

24        Heating of the solar wind: Turbulence, reconnection, waves, etc.

 

Part VIII.    Solar Energetic Particles and Cosmic Rays

Rami Vainio, Radoslav Bucik, Joe Giacalone, D. Lario, Richardson,

Dröge, Christina Cohen, Alexis Rouillard

25        Observations of SEPs: sources of impulsive and gradual events

26        Particle Reservoirs

27        3He rich events

28        Neutral events

29        Diffusive shock acceleration

30        Other theories of particle injection and acceleration

 

Part IX. Physics of the Outer Heliosphere

Tom Krimigis, Rob Decker, Ed Stone, Alan Cummings, Ed Roelof, Don Gurnett, Bill Kurth, John Richardson, Len Burlaga, Nick Pogorelov, Merav Opher, Joe Giacalone, Randy Jokipii, Vladimir Florinski

31        Evolution of the Solar Wind and Energetic Particles from Sun to Termination Shock

32        Physics of the Pickup-ion Mediated Termination Shock of the Solar Wind

33        Evolution of the Shocked Solar Wind, Suprathermal Particles, and Cosmic Rays through the Heliosheath

34        Physics of the Heliopause Boundary Region

35        Properties of the Very Local Interstellar Medium Measured at Voyager 1

 

Volume 2: Magnetospheres in the solarsystem
Romain Maggiolo, Nicolas André, Hiroshi Hasegawa, and Dan Welling 
 

Part I.          Introduction (8 pages)

R. Maggiolo (BISA, Belgium); N. André (IRAP, France); Hiroshi Hasegawa (ISAS/JAXA, Japan, D.T.  Welling (University of Michigan, MI, USA)

 

Part II.        The Earth magnetosphere (30 pages)

1          A short history of the Earth magnetosphere (15 pages)

Christopher T. Russell (IGPP/UCLA, CA, USA); David Southwood (Imperial College, London, UK)

2          Large scale structure and dynamics (15 pages)

David Sibeck (NASA/GSFC, MD, USA); Jonathan .P. Eastwood (Imperial College, London, UK)

 

Part III.       Fundamental Processes (65 pages)

3          Magnetic reconnection (15 pages)

Tsugunobu Nagai (Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan); Andrei Runov (EPSS/UCLA, CA, USA)

4          Turbulence (15 pages)

Marius M. Echim (BISA, Belgium); Giuseppe Consolini (INAF-IAPS, Italy)

5          Wave-particle interactions in the magnetosphere (15 pages)

Yoshiharu Omura (Kyoto University, Japan), Wen Li (Boston University, MA, USA), Richard. B. Horne (British Antarctic Survey, UK)

6          Kinetic Theory of the Inner Magnetospheric Plasma (10 pages)

Georges V. Khazanov (NASA/GSFC, MD, USA)

7          Cross-scale energy transport in space plasmas (10 pages)

Thomas E. Moore (NASA/GSFC, MD, USA)

 

Part IV.       Solar wind-magnetosphere coupling (50 pages)

8          The Bow shock (10 pages)

Georges K. Parks (SSL, UC Berkeley, CA, USA)

9          Magnetosheath and magnetopause (10 pages)

Ferdinand Plaschke (SRI, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria)

10        Dayside magnetopause processes: (10 pages)

Steven Fuselier (SWRI, TX, USA)

Joe Borovsky (SSI, Boulder, CO, USA; CSSE, University of Michigan, MI, USA); Goetz Paschmann (Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische Physik, Germany)

11        The magnetospheric cusps (10 pages)

Benoit Lavraud (IRAP, France), Philippe Escoubet (ESA/ESTEC, Netherland)

12        The Low-Latitude Boundary Layer (10 pages)

Takuma Nakamura (Space Research Institute  Austrian Academy of Sciences, Austria), Hiroshi Hasegawa (ISAS/JAXA, Japan)

 

Part V.        Magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling (45 pages)

13        Field aligned currents (7+7 pages)

Hermann Lühr (GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Germany): SWARM results, (7 pages)

Haje Korth (JHUAPL, MD, USA): AMPERE (7 pages)

14        Ionospheric ions acceleration and transport (10 pages) Andrew W. Yau (University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada); Hans Nilsson (Institutet för Rymdfysik, Sweden)

15        Cold ions in the magnetosphere (10 pages)

Mats André (IRF, Sweden), Stein Haaland (Max-Planck Institute, Germany/University of Bergen, Norway)

16        Particle precipitation (10 pages)

Patrick Newell (JHUAPL, MD, USA); SimonWing (JHUAPL, MD, USA)

 

Part VI.       The dynamic magnetosphere (90 pages)

17        The active magnetosphere: Storms and substorms (15 pages, could be divided in 2 papers, one dedicated to THEMIS results)

Yukitoshi Nishimura (UCLA, CA, USA), Tony Lui (JHUAPL, MD, USA)

David Sibeck (NASA/GSFC, MD, USA) THEMIS results

18        The northward IMF (quiet) magnetosphere (10 pages)

Wenhui Li (UNH, NH, USA), Robert Fear (University of Southampton, UK)

19        Magnetotail processes (15 pages)

Joachim Birn (LANL, NM, USA)

20        Ring current (10 pages)

Raluca Ilie (University of Illinois, IL, USA); N. Ganushkina (FMI, Finland),

21        Radiation belts (10 pages)

Xinlin Li (LANL, NM, USA), Drew turner (UCLA, CA, USA)

22        Plasmasphere (10 pages)

Fabien Darrouzet (BISA, Belgium), Denis Gallager (MSFC/NASA, AL, USA)

23        Ionospheric ions impact on magnetospheric dynamics (10 pages)

Elena Kronberg (Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Germany); Lynn Kistler (UNH, NH, USA)

 

Part VII.     Planetary magnetic fields (10 pages)

24        Planetary Magnetic fields (10 pages)

Karl-Heinz Glassmeier (University of Braunschweig, Germany), Jack Connerney (NASA/GSFC, MD, USA), David Stevenson (Caltech University, CA, USA), Ulrich Christensen (MPS Goettingen, Germany)

 

Part VIII.    Induced Magnetospheres: Mars, Venus, Titan, and comets (65 pages)

25        Venus (15 pages)

Tielong Zhang (Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria), Stas Barabash (IRF Kiruna, Sweden)

26        Mars (15 pages)

Jasper Halekas (University of Iowa, IA, USA)

27        Titan (15 pages)

Cesar Bertucci (University of Buenos Aires, Argentina), Sven Simon (University of Washington, WA, USA)

28        Comets: Rosetta, the birth of a magnetosphere (10 pages)

Hans Nilsson (IRF Kiruna, Sweden), M. Taylor (ESA/ESTEC, Netherlands)

29        Atmospheric escape from induced magnetospheres (10 pages)

Dave Brain (University of Colorado, CO, USA), Edik Dubinin (MPS Goettingen, Germany)

 

Part IX.       Giant planet magnetospheres (80 pages)

30        Fast rotating magnetospheres: Jupiter and Saturn (40 pages)

Nick Achilleos (UCL), Nick Sergis (University of Athens, Greece): Magnetodiscs (10 pages)

Michelle Thomsen (LANL), Plasma sources, losses, and transport (10 pages)

Emma Bunce (Leicester University), Magnetosphere-Ionosphere coupling (10 pages)

Elias Roussos (MPS Goettingen, Germany), Daniel Santos Costa (SwRI), Radiation Belts (10 pages)

31        Asymmetrical magnetospheres: Uranus and Neptune (30 pages)

Chris Arridge (University of Lancaster, UK): Uranus (15 pages)

Adam Masters (Imperial College, UK): Neptune (15 pages)

32        Seasonal effects (10 pages)

Ann Persoon (University of Iowa, IA, USA); Khrishan Khurana (University of California, CA, USA)

 

Part X.        Mini-magnetospheres and Moon-magnetosphere interactions (45 pages)

33        Mercury (15 pages)

Jim Slavin (NASA/GSFC, MD, USA), Yoshifumi Saito (ISAS/JAXA), Mercury magnetosphere

34        Ganymede (15 pages)

Xianzhe Jia (University of Michigan, MI, USA), Ganymede magnetosphere

35        Moon-magnetosphere interactions (15 pages)

Joachim Saur (University of Braunschweig, Germany), Khrishan Khurana (University of California, CA, USA)

 

Part XI.       Investigating magnetospheric processes (80 pages)

36        Global simulations (10 pages)

Joachim Raeder (EOS/UNH, NH, USA)

37        Kinetic modelling (10 pages)

Giovanni Lapenta (KUL Leuven, Belgium); Stefano Markidis (KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden)

38        Data based models of the Earth magnetic field (10 pages)

N. Tsyganenko (Saint-Petersburg State University, Russia)

39        Multi-point observations (CLUSTER, DOUBLE STAR, THEMIS, SWARM) (10 pages)

Joachim Vogt (Jacobs University Bremen, Germany), Philippe Escoubet (ESA/ESTEC, Netherlands)

40        Exploring small scales with MMS (10 pages)

K.J. Trattner (LASP, CO, USA), J. Burch (SWRI, TX, USA), R. Ergun (LASP, CO, USA)

41        Imaging the magnetosphere (10 pages)

J. Goldstein (SWRI, TX, USA)

42        Ground observations: radars and all sky cameras (10 pages)

Larry Lyons (UCLA, CA, USA); Steve Milan (University of Leicester, UK)

43        Laboratory experiments: putting space in the lab (10 pages)

Koepke (West Virginia University, VI, USA), Gregory Howes (university of IOWA, IA, USA)

 

Part XII.     Future directions (50 pages)

44        Challenges in modelling the magnetosphere (10 pages)

V. Jordanova (LANL, NM, USA)

Joe Borovsky (SSI, Boulder, CO, USA; CSSE, University of Michigan, MI, USA)

45        Does a magnetosphere protect the ionosphere? (10 pages)

R. Maggiolo (BISA, Belgium), R. Lundin, H. Nilsson

46        Using magnetospheres to detect exoplanets (10 pages)

Zarka, Philippe (LESIA, France) : AKR/Radio emissions

Alide Vidotto (School of Physics Trinity College Dublin, Ireland): bow shock/Interaction with stellar wind

47        Unsolved problems (10 pages)

M. H. Denton (NMC, Los Alamos, NM, USA)

48        The future of magnetospheric research (10 pages)

Goetz Paschmann (Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische Physik, Germany)

 

Volume 3: Advances in Ionospheric Research: Current understanding and Challenges     
Chaosong Huang of Air Force Research Laboratory and Gang Lu of National Center of Atmospheric Research

 

Part I. Electrodynamics in the polar cap and auroral zone

 

1.         Magnetospheric energy input to the high-latitude ionosphere Cheryl Huang, Air Force Research Laboratory

Gang Lu, National Center for Atmospheric Studies

2.         High-latitude ionospheric convection

J. Mickael Ruohoniemi and Joseph Baker, Virginia Tech Alexandre V. Koustov, University of Saskatchewan, Canada

3.         Processes during geomagnetic storms and substorms Shasha Zou, University of Michigan

William Bristow, University of Alaska Fairbanks

4.         Magnetospheric-ionospheric coupling

C. Robert Clauer, Virginia Tech

Olga Verkhoglyadova, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory

5.         High-latitude ionospheric response to transient variations of the solar wind

M. Grandin, University of Oulu, Finland Hui Zhang, University of Alaska Fairbanks

 

Part II.        Electrodynamics in the subauroral and midlatitude ionosphere

6.         Subauroral polarization streams

John Foster, MIT Haystack Observatory

Phil C. Anderson, University of Texas at Dallas Evgeny V. Mishin, Air Force Research Laboratory

7.         Subauroral ionospheric convection Simon G. Shepherd, Dartmouth College

K. Hosokawa, University of Electro�]Communications, Japan

8.         Storm enhanced density and ionospheric plumes

Anthea Coster and Phil Erickson, MIT Haystack Observatory Endawoke Yizengaw, Boston College

9.         Interhemispheric difference and coupling Carlos Martinis, Boston University

Tetsuo Motoba, National Institute of Polar Research, Japan

10.       Sporadic E layers and plasma instability in midlatitude ionosphere Qihou Zhou, Miami University, David Hysell, Cornell University

 

Part III.       Electrodynamics in the low-latitude ionosphere

11.       Equatorial ionospheric electrodynamics Bela Fejer, Utah State University

Rob Pfaff, NASA Space Weather Laboratory

M. A. Abdu: INPE/ITA, Brazil

12.       Equatorial spread F: Modeling

Joe Huba, Naval Research Laboratory Tatsuhiro Yokoyama: NICT, Japan

13.       Equatorial spread F: Observations Roland Tsunoda, SRI International

Fabiano Rodrigues, University of Texas Dallas

14.       Equatorial electrojet currents

H. Luehr, GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam, Germany Yosuke Yamazaki, University of Lancaster, UK

15.       Equatorial anomaly during geomagnetic storms Biqiang Zhao, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Nanan Balan: Nagoya University, Japan

 

Part IV.       Global ionospheric processes

16.       Penetration electric fields

Takashi Kikuchi, Nagoya University, Japan Chaosong Huang, Air Force Research Laboratory

17.       Ionospheric-thermospheric coupling

T. W. Fang, University of Colorado Boulder Shunrong Zhang, MIT Haystack Observatory

18.       Stratospheric warming

Larisa Goncharenko, MIT Haystack Observatory Alan Burns, High Altitude Observatory

19.       Ionospheric storms

Robert W. Schunk, Utah State University

Tim Fuller-Rowell, University of Colorado Boulder

20.       Traveling ionospheric disturbances

Elvira Astafyeva, Denis Diderot University, France Takuya Tsugawa, NICT, Japan

 

Part V.        Planetary ionospheres

21.       Venus’s ionosphere Christopher T. Russell, UCLA

M. Pätzold, Universität zu Köln, Germany

22.       Martian ionosphere

Ali Safaeinili, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory

23. Sanchez-Cano, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK

24.       Jupiter’s ionosphere

Robert E. Ergun, University of Colorado, Boulder

K. Matsuda, Tohoku University, Japan

25.       Saturn’s ionosphere

Andrew F. Nagy, University of Michigan Luke Moore, Boston University

26.       Uranus’s ionosphere

                   Henrik Melin, University of Leicester, UK

 

Part VI.       Ionospheric impacts on applications

27.       Scintillation effects on radio communications Seebany Datta-Barua, Illinois Institute of Technology

V. Sreeja, University of Nottingham, UK

28.       Scintillation effects on GPS and navigation system Charles Carrano, Boston College

Claudia Stolle, GFZ Helmhotz Centre Potsdam, Germany Yu T. Morton, Miami University

29.       Ionospheric effects on HF propagation Ray A. Greenwald, Virginia Tech

Ben A. Witvliet, Radio communications Agency Netherlands

30.       Geomagnetically induced currents

Chunming Liu, North China Electric Power University, China Ryuho Kataoka, National Institute of Polar Research, Japan

31.       Ionospheric disturbances related to earthquakes

C. D. Reddy, Indian Institute of Geomagnetism, India

Jann-Yeng Liu, National Space Organization, Hsinchu, Taiwan Yu-Ming Yang, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory

 

Volume 4: Thermospheres and mesospheres in the solarsystem
Wenbin Wang and Yongliang Zhang

 

Part I.          Introduction

Wenbin Wang of NCAR and Yongliang Zhang of JHU/APL

 

Part II.        Upper atmosphere dynamics and energetics

1          Winds in the upper atmosphere: Wenbin Wang and Alan Burns of NCAR

2          Force balance: Wenbin Wang and Alan Burns of NCAR

3          Hydrostatic and non-hydrostatic atmosphere: Yue Deng of UTA and Hanli Liu of NCAR, Aaron Ridley of UMich

4          Energy budget: Solar heating: Stan Solomon and Liying Qian of NCAR

5          Energy budget: Joule heating: Delores Knipp of CU and Gang Lu of NCAR

6          Energy budget: Auroral particle heating: Yongliang Zhang and Larry Paxton of JPL

7          Energy budget: Cooling to space (airglow): Stan Solomon of NCAR

8          Energy budget: CO2 cooling: Marti Mlynczak of NASA

9          Energy budget: NO cooling: Marti Mlynczak of NASA and Yongliang Zhang of APL

10        Global structure of winds and temperature Wenbin Wang and Alan Burns

of NCAR

 

Part III.       Composition and density of the upper atmosphere

11        Mesospheric chemistry: Dan Marsh of NCAR

12        Major and minor species in the upper atmosphere: Jeff Thayer of CU

13        Diffusion and advection of the upper atmosphere: Jeff Tayer of CU, Wenbin Wang and Alan Burns of NCAR

14        ETWA, equatorial temperature and wind anomaly: Jiuhou Lei of USTC; Wenbin Wang and Alan Burns of NCAR

15        Pressure surface/height coordinate: Wenbin Wang and Alan Burns of NCAR

16        Vertical profiles and column density O/N2: Yongliang Zhang of APL, Jia Yue of HU, Bob Meier of GMU

17        Helium: Eric Sutton of AFRL, Jeff Thayer of CU

18        Hydrogen/Geocorona: Edwin Mierkiewicz of ERU

 

Part IV.       Vertical coupling of the atmosphere

19        Gravity waves: Hanli Liu of NCAR, Sharon Vadas of NWRA, Geoff Crowley of Astra

20        Tides: Jeff Forbes of CU and Mara Hagan of USU

21        Planetary waves: Jia Yue of HU, Loren Chang of NCU

22        Sudden Stratosphere Warming (SSW): Nick Pedatella of NCAR, Larisa Goncharenko of MIT

23        Mixing: Jia Yue of HU, Yosuke Yamazaki of U of Larcaster, Liying Qian of NCAR

 

Part V.        Ion-neutral coupling in the upper atmosphere

24        Ion drag and Joule heating: Jeff Thayer of CU, Gang Lu and Art Richmond of NCAR

25        Wind and composition effect on the ionosphere: Jiuhou Lei of USTC, Alan Burns and Wenbin Wang of NCAR

26        Neutral wind dynamo: Astrid Maute and Art Richmond of NCAR

27        TAD/TID: Irfan Izeem of Astra, Jonath Makala of UILL

 

Part VI.       Upper atmospheric variability and its sources

28        Day-to-day variability: Jiuhou Lei of USTC, Hanli Liu and Wenbin Wang of NCAR

29        Seasonal variation and hemispheric asymmetry: Liying Qian and Alan Burns of NCAR, Huixin Liu of Japan

30        Solar cycle variations: Stan Solomon and Liying Qian of NCAR, John Emmert of GMU

31        Long-term trend: Stan Solomon and Liying Qian of NCAR, John Emmert of GMU, Shunrong Zhang of MIT

 

Part VII.     Upper atmosphere coupling with the magnetosphere

32        Storm-time energy and momentum inputs: Wenbin Wang and Alan Burns of NCAR

33        Extreme event: Delores Knipp of CU and Aaron Ridley of UM

34        Storm-time changes of the upper atmosphere: Yongliang Zhang of APL, Wenbin Wang and Alan Burns of NCAR

35                Thermosphere upwelling and O+ outflow: Binzheng Zhang and Mike Wiltberger of NCAR, Bill Lotko of Dartmouth

 

Part VIII.    Upper atmospheres of other planets

36        Mars

37        Venus

38        Outer planets

 

Part IX.       Advances in empirical and numerical modeling of the upper atmosphere

39        MSIS and HWM: Doug Drob and John Emmert of NRL

40        WAM: Tim Fuller-Rowell of NOAA

41        WACCM-X: Hanli Liu and Wenbin Wang of NCAR

42        Data assimilation and application: Tomoko Matsuo of CU, Ludger Scheliess of USU

 

Part X.        Observations of the upper atmosphere

43        Ground-based observations: Qian Wu of NCAR, Jonath Makala of UILL

44        Lidar: Xinzhao Chu of CU, Tao Yue of USU

45        GUVI: Yongliang Zhang and Larry Paxton of APL

46        SABER: Marti Mlynczak of NASA, Jams Russell and Jia Yue of HU

47        Satellite drag: Eric Sutton of AFRL

 

Volume 5: Space weather predications and applications
Phil Erickson

 

Part I.          Introduction

 

Part II.        Space Weather at the Sun

1          Solar Optical Spectral Variability (visible, UV, X-ray)

2          Solar Electromagnetic variability (Radio frequency)

3          Solar Particle Variability (CMEs, CIRs, Solar wind)

 

Part III.       Space Weather in Interplanetary Space

4          Acceleration of Mass and Energy in Interplanetary Space

5          Solar Wind Geoeffectiveness

 

Part IV.       Space Weather in the Radiation Belts

6          Radiation belt morphology

7          Effects on human efforts in space (spacecraft and biological effects)

8          Radiation belt acceleration, transport, and loss (Inner Van Allen zone, slot region and outer Van Allen zone)

9          Radiation belt coupling to other regions of geospace (Plasmasphere, ionosphere and middle atmosphere)

 

Part V.        Space Weather in the Magnetosphere

10        Magnetosheath, magnetopause, bow shock variations

11        Magnetospheric reconfiguration and transients (substorms, dipolarizations, plasmoids)

 

Part VI.       Ionospheric and Thermospheric Variability

12        Drivers

13        Climatology

14        Auroral dynamics connections

15        Irregularities and scintillations

16        Global electric circuit

 

Part VII.     Space weather connections to meteorology

17        Lower atmospheric effects coupling to ionospheric variability

18        Middle atmosphere variations

 

Part VIII.    Space Weather Observational Capabilities

19        Ground based observations

20        Space based observations

21        Recent advances

 

Part IX.       Space Weather Prediction Capabilities

22        Specification capabilities and challenges

23        Prediction capabilities and challenges

 

Part X.        Space weather operational impacts

24        Power grids

25        Communication systems

26        Satellites (radiation damage, thermospheric drag, micrometeoroid impact and EMP)

 

Part XI.       Space weather, Earthquake and climate

 

Part XII.     Space Weather insurance, policy, law and economy impact

 

Part XIII.    Future directions for space weather research