About the Author	p. xi
Acknowledgments	p. xiii
Why Study Language?	p. 1
The Missing Foundation in Teacher Education	p. 2
Language and Literacy	p. 2
The Development and Complexity of Language	p. 4
Reading Is Difficult for Many People	p. 5
A Research Consensus About Language and Reading	p. 6
How Reading and Spelling Develop	p. 11
Skillful Teaching Prevents Most Reading Problems	p. 15
Teaching Reading Is Complex and Challenging	p. 15
Principles of Effective Teaching of Reading, Spelling, and Writing	p. 16
Brief Survey of Language Knowledge	p. 20
Comprehensive Survey of Language Knowledge	p. 22
Phonetics: The Sounds in Speech	p. 25
Why Start with Speech Sounds?	p. 26
Becoming Multilinguistic	p. 26
Counting Phonemes	p. 27
Why Phonemes Are Elusive	p. 27
Speech Sound Identification	p. 29
Phonetic Transcription	p. 30
Summary	p. 43
Phonology: Speech Sounds in Use	p. 47
Sequences, Syllables, and Stress	p. 49
Aspects of Phonological Processing	p. 54
Phonemes and Minimal Pairs	p. 59
Phonetic Variation and Allophones	p. 60
Systematic Variation in Speech Sound Production	p. 62
Teaching Phonological Awareness-General Principles	p. 70
Sample Activities for Preschool or Beginning Kindergarten Level	p. 70
Sample Activities for First-Grade and Older Students	p. 72
Summary	p. 75
The Structure of English Orthography	p. 79
A Brief History of Writing	p. 80
Meaning and Sound	p. 82
Anglo-Saxon, Latin, and Greek Layers in English Orthography	p. 83
Phoneme-Grapheme Correspondences in English	p. 91
Orthographic Conventions	p. 102
Summary	p. 111
Morphology	p. 117
Why Morphology Is Important for Reading and Spelling	p. 118
Morphemes: The Smallest Meaningful Units	p. 119
Individual Differences in Using Derivational Morphology	p. 139
Derivational Morphology: Principles of Instruction	p. 141
Classroom Activities	p. 146
Syntax: How Sentences Work	p. 153
Correct or Incorrect Syntax?	p. 154
Natural Knowledge of Syntax	p. 155
Evidence for Syntactic Structures	p. 157
Parts of Sentences	p. 158
How Sentences Grow	p. 165
Transformations	p. 167
Teaching Sentence Structure	p. 169
Summary	p. 171
Semantics: Word and Phrase Meanings	p. 175
Aspects of Word Meaning	p. 176
Phrase and Sentence Meaning	p. 184
Noun Phrases	p. 185
Pragmatics: Making Sense in Context	p. 190
Reference in Discourse	p. 191
Teaching Vocabulary and Other Aspects of Meaning	p. 192
Summary	p. 194
Language and Reading Instruction	p. 199
The Prealphabetic Learner	p. 201
Early Alphabetic to Later Alphabetic Phases (Ages 5-7)	p. 203
A Spelling-Decoding Continuum for Elementary Instruction	p. 209
Example Lesson 1: Introducing Letter-Sound Correspondence to a Novice Reader	p. 211
Example Lesson 2: Working with Suffixes	p. 213
Example Lesson 3: Oral Reading for Fluency	p. 214
Case Studies	p. 215
Summary: The Power of Instruction	p. 222
References	p. 223
Developmental Spelling Inventories	p. 233
Directions for Administering the Spelling Inventories	p. 233
Primary Spelling Inventory-Individual Score Sheet	p. 236
Elementary Spelling Inventory-Individual Score Sheet	p. 238
Answer Key	p. 241
Glossary	p. 271
Index	p. 283
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

Customer Reviews

great and simple March 13, 2011

by Gina Ryan

A necessary resource for all who are involved with language instruction of any kind. I rented this textbook from ecampus because I teach reading and it was very informative and helpful. It presents the structure of the English language in a readable and knowledgeable format. I found this book enjoyable and easy to read, yet packed with interesting and relevant information. Highly recommended as a beginning text on the phonetics, phonology, morphology and orthography of the English language.