Stochastic Population Dynamics in Ecology and Conservation

by Lande, Russell; Engen, Steinar; Saether, Bernt-Erik

• ISBN13: 9780198525240
• ISBN10: 0198525249
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2003-06-12
• Publisher: Oxford University Press

Summary

Random fluctuations in population dynamics are fundamental to pure and applied ecology. This book introduces demographic and environmental stochasticity, and illustrates statistical methods for estimating them from field data.

Author Biography

Professor Lande is the winner of the Sewall Wright Award (1992),President, Society for the Study of Evolution, 1997, Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1997- , MacArthur Foundation Fellow, 1997-2002.

Table of Contents

Preface	p. ix
Demographic and environmental stochasticity	p. 1
Stochastic population fluctuations	p. 1
Concepts of stochasticity	p. 3
Formulation of stochasticity	p. 6
Stochasticity on the natural logarithmic scale	p. 11
Density-independent growth in a random environment	p. 13
Density-dependent growth in a random environment	p. 17
Parameter estimation	p. 18
Summary	p. 24
Extinction dynamics	p. 25
Paleo-extinctions	p. 25
Modern anthropogenic extinctions	p. 27
Diffusion approximation of stochastic dynamics	p. 29
Extinction trajectories in small populations	p. 34
Stationary distribution of population size	p. 36
Quasi-stationary distribution and mean time to extinction	p. 37
Expected duration of the final decline	p. 47
Distribution of time to extinction	p. 49
Summary	p. 51
Age structure	p. 53
Deterministic density-independent dynamics	p. 53
Long-run growth rate in a random environment	p. 59
Time series analysis of population fluctuations	p. 64
Estimation of density dependence from population time series	p. 68
Summary	p. 77
Spatial structure	p. 79
Classical metapopulations	p. 79
Metapopulation of a territorial species	p. 80
Metapopulation dynamics of nonterritorial species	p. 84
Population synchrony	p. 89
Summary	p. 99
Population viability analysis	p. 101
Assessing extinction risk	p. 101
Incorporating uncertainty using population prediction intervals (PPIs)	p. 107
Population models	p. 110
Examples of PVA	p. 112
Summary	p. 116
Sustainable harvesting	p. 119
Overexploitation and its causes	p. 119
Harvesting fluctuating populations	p. 121
Harvesting stochastic age-structured populations	p. 131
Reducing variance of annual yield in threshold harvesting	p. 134
Summary	p. 136
Species diversity	p. 138
Species abundance distributions	p. 138
Measures and statistics of diversity	p. 144
Species accumulation, rarefaction, and extrapolation	p. 148
Rapid assessment of diversity	p. 152
Partitioning diversity into additive components	p. 155
Summary	p. 161
Community dynamics	p. 162
Simple ecosystems	p. 163
Complex ecosystems and communities	p. 164
Lognormal species abundance distribution	p. 167
Analyzing community dynamics in space and time	p. 171
Dynamics of a tropical butterfly community	p. 174
Summary	p. 181
References	p. 182
Index	p. 209
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