Strangers to These Shores: Race and Ethnic Relations in the United States (Book Alone)

by Parrillo, Vincent N.

• ISBN13: 9780205457632
• ISBN10: 0205457630
• Edition: 8th
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2006-01-01
• Publisher: Allyn & Bacon

Summary

Key Topic: This best-selling, comprehensive book on racial and ethnic relations in the U.S. covers theoretical issues and the experiences of more than 50 specific groups. Key Benefit: Covers more racial, ethnic, and religious groups than any other book of its kind, providing broad, yet specific coverage of Europeans, Native Americans, African Americans, Hispanics, Arabs, religious minorities, and women as a minority group.

Table of Contents

Foreword	xv
Charles V. Willie
Preface	xvii
PART 1 Sociological Framework	1	(124)
The Study of Minorities	2	(28)
The Stranger as a Social Phenomenon	4	(6)
Similarity and Attraction	4	(1)
Social Distance	5	(3)
Perceptions	8	(1)
Interactions	9	(1)
Sociological Perspectives	10	(4)
Functional Theory	10	(2)
Conflict Theory	12	(1)
Interactionist Theory	13	(1)
Minority Groups	14	(3)
Development of a Definition	14	(2)
Minority-Group Characteristics	16	(1)
Racial and Ethnic Groups	17	(1)
Ethnocentrism	18	(5)
In the United States	20	(1)
In Other Times and Lands	20	(2)
Eurocentrism and Afrocentrism	22	(1)
Objectivity	23	(1)
The Dillingham Flaw	24	(1)
Personal Troubles and Public Issues	25	(1)
The Dynamics of Intergroup Relations	26	(1)
Retrospect	27	(1)
Key Terms	28	(1)
Review Questions	28	(1)
Suggested Readings	28	(2)
Culture and Social Structure	30	(38)
The Concept of Culture	31	(6)
The Reality Construct	33	(4)
Cultural Change	37	(3)
Cultural Diffusion	37	(2)
Subcultures	39	(1)
Structural Conditions	40	(3)
Stratification	43	(1)
Social Class	43	(6)
Class Consciousness	43	(1)
Ethnicity and Social Class	44	(1)
Blaming the Poor or Society?	45	(4)
Intergroup Conflict	49	(3)
Cultural Differentiation	50	(1)
Structural Differentiation	51	(1)
Ethnic Stratification	52	(4)
The Power-Differential Theory	52	(1)
The Internal-Colonialism Theory	53	(1)
Origins of Ethnic Stratification	54	(2)
Theories of Minority Integration	56	(8)
Assimilation (Majority-Conformity) Theory	57	(2)
Amalgamation (Melting-Pot) Theory	59	(3)
Accommodation (Pluralistic) Theory	62	(2)
Is There a White Culture?	64	(1)
Retrospect	65	(1)
Key Terms	66	(1)
Review Questions	66	(1)
Suggested Readings	67	(1)
Prejudice and Discrimination	68	(32)
Prejudice	69	(20)
The Psychology of Prejudice	70	(5)
The Sociology of Prejudice	75	(3)
Stereotyping	78	(4)
Television's Influence	82	(2)
Advertising and Music	84	(1)
Can Prejudice Be Reduced?	85	(3)
Diversity Training	88	(1)
Discrimination	89	(8)
Levels of Discrimination	89	(1)
Relationships between Prejudice and Discrimination	89	(2)
Social and Institutional Discrimination	91	(1)
The Affirmative-Action Controversy	92	(5)
Retrospect	97	(1)
Key Terms	98	(1)
Review Questions	99	(1)
Suggested Readings	99	(1)
Dominant--Minority Relations	100	(25)
Minority-Group Responses	101	(6)
Ethnic - and Racial-Group Identity	101	(2)
Avoidance	103	(1)
Deviance	104	(2)
Defiance	106	(1)
Acceptance	107	(1)
Consequences of Minority-Group Status	107	(4)
Negative Self-Image	107	(1)
The Vicious Circle	108	(1)
Marginality	109	(2)
Middleman Minorities	111	(1)
Dominant-Group Responses	111	(9)
Legislative Controls	112	(1)
Segregation	112	(2)
Expulsion	114	(1)
Xenophobia	114	(1)
Annihilation	115	(2)
Hate Groups and Hate Crimes	117	(3)
Exploitation	120	(3)
Retrospect	123	(1)
Key Terms	123	(1)
Review Questions	123	(1)
Suggested Readings	124	(1)
PART 2 European Americans	125	(84)
Northern and Western Europeans	126	(40)
Sociohistorical Perspective	127	(8)
The Colonial Period	129	(1)
The Early National Period	130	(3)
The Pre--Civil War Period	133	(1)
Structural Conditions	133	(2)
The English	135	(3)
The Departure	135	(1)
Culture Shock	136	(2)
The Dutch	138	(3)
Structural Conditions	139	(1)
Pluralism	140	(1)
The French	141	(4)
Marginality and Assimilation	142	(1)
Francophobia	142	(1)
Pluralism	143	(2)
The Germans	145	(4)
Early Reactions	146	(1)
The Second Wave: Segregation and Pluralism	146	(1)
Societal Responses	147	(1)
Cultural Impact	148	(1)
The Irish	149	(6)
Cultural Differentiation	150	(1)
Societal Reaction	151	(2)
Minority Response	153	(2)
Upward Mobility	155	(1)
The New Irish	155	(1)
The Scandinavians and Finns	155	(3)
Ingroup Solidarity	156	(2)
Ethnic Identity	158	(1)
The Scots	158	(1)
The Welsh	159	(1)
Social Realities for Women	159	(1)
Northern and Western European Assimilation	160	(1)
Sociological Analysis	161	(2)
The Functionalist View	161	(1)
The Conflict View	162	(1)
The Interactionist View	162	(1)
Retrospect	163	(1)
Key Terms	164	(1)
Review Questions	164	(1)
Suggested Readings	165	(1)
Southern, Central, and Eastern Europeans	166	(43)
Sociohistorical Perspective	167	(11)
The Push--Pull Factors	167	(2)
Structural Conditions	169	(2)
Societal Reaction	171	(7)
The Slavic Peoples	178	(2)
Earlier Immigrants	178	(2)
Recent Immigrants	180	(1)
The Poles	180	(2)
Culture Shock	181	(1)
Community Organization	181	(1)
Polonia Today	182	(1)
The Russians	182	(4)
Life in the United States	183	(1)
Xenophobia	184	(1)
Recent Immigrants	185	(1)
The Ukrainians	186	(1)
The Hungarians	187	(2)
Labor Conditions	188	(1)
Recent Immigrants	188	(1)
The Gypsies	189	(2)
Cultural Differentiation	189	(2)
Evasive Pluralism	191	(1)
The Italians	191	(6)
The Great Migration	192	(1)
Societal Hostility	192	(1)
Social Patterns	193	(2)
Marginality	195	(1)
Social Mobility	195	(2)
The Greeks	197	(1)
Occupational Distribution	197	(1)
Social Patterns	197	(1)
Societal Reaction	198	(1)
The Portuguese	198	(3)
Early Immigrants	198	(1)
Later Immigrants	199	(2)
The Armenians	201	(2)
Confusion over Refugee Identity	201	(1)
Societal Reaction	201	(1)
Cultural Differentiation	202	(1)
Armenians Today	202	(1)
Immigrant Women and Work	203	(1)
Southern, Central and Eastern European Assimilation	203	(1)
Sociological Analysis	204	(2)
The Functionalist View	204	(1)
The Conflict View	205	(1)
The Interactionist View	205	(1)
Retrospect	206	(1)
Key Terms	207	(1)
Review Questions	207	(1)
Suggested Readings	207	(2)
PART 3 People of Color	209	(222)
The Native Americans	210	(50)
Sociohistorical Perspective	211	(3)
Early Encounters	214	(6)
Cultural Strains	218	(1)
Differing Values	219	(1)
Values and Social Structure	220	(2)
Stereotyping of Native Americans	222	(1)
Changes in Government Policy	223	(9)
Indian Removal Act	224	(4)
Reservations and Dependence	228	(1)
Indian Reorganization Act	229	(1)
The Relocation Program	230	(1)
The Termination Act	230	(2)
Present-Day Native American Life	232	(8)
Population	232	(1)
Employment	233	(1)
Life Expectancy	234	(1)
Alcohol Abuse	235	(1)
Education	236	(3)
Housing	239	(1)
Natural Resources	240	(5)
Exploitation and Emerging Control	240	(3)
``Dances with Garbage and Nuclear Waste''	243	(1)
Water Rights	244	(1)
Red Power	245	(3)
Pan-Indianism	246	(1)
Alcatraz	246	(1)
Wounded Knee	247	(1)
The Courts	248	(1)
Bureau of Indian Affairs	249	(1)
Urban Native Americans	249	(3)
Cultural Impact	252	(1)
Native American Assimilation	253	(1)
Sociological Analysis	254	(3)
The Functionalist View	254	(1)
The Conflict View	255	(1)
The Interactionist View	256	(1)
Retrospect	257	(1)
Key Terms	257	(1)
Review Questions	258	(1)
Suggested Readings	258	(2)
East and Southeast Asian Americans	260	(46)
Sociohistorical Perspective	261	(2)
Cultural Attributes	263	(1)
The Chinese	264	(11)
Structural Conditions	264	(1)
Societal Reaction	265	(2)
Legislative Action	267	(1)
Avoidance and Segregation	268	(4)
Social Factors	272	(1)
Recent Immigrants	272	(2)
Socioeconomic Characteristics	274	(1)
The Japanese	275	(8)
Economic Competition	276	(1)
National Policy	277	(1)
Expulsion and Imprisonment	278	(3)
Recent Immigrants	281	(2)
The Filipinos	283	(3)
Early Immigrants	283	(1)
The Scarcity of Filipino Women	284	(1)
Recent Immigrants	285	(1)
The Koreans	286	(3)
Early Immigrants	287	(1)
Recent Immigrants	287	(1)
The Role of the Church	287	(2)
Occupational Adaptation	289	(1)
The Vietnamese	289	(4)
Cultural Differentiation	290	(2)
Acculturation	292	(1)
Other Southeast Asians	293	(4)
The Laotians	295	(2)
Ethnoviolence	297	(1)
The Model-Minority Stereotype	298	(1)
East and Southeast Asian Assimilation	299	(1)
Sociological Analysis	300	(2)
The Functionalist View	300	(1)
The Conflict View	301	(1)
The Interactionist View	302	(1)
Retrospect	302	(1)
Key Terms	303	(1)
Review Questions	303	(1)
Suggested Readings	304	(2)
Other Asian and Middle Eastern Americans	306	(34)
Sociohistorical Perspective	307	(4)
The Push--Pull Factors	308	(1)
Structural Conditions	308	(2)
Societal Reaction	310	(1)
The Asian Indians	311	(5)
Early Immigrants	311	(1)
Societal Reaction	311	(1)
Minority Response	312	(1)
Recent Immigrants	313	(3)
Arab Americans	316	(6)
Social Organization	319	(1)
Residential Patterning	320	(1)
Fighting Stereotypes and Group Blame	321	(1)
The Syrian/Lebanese	322	(5)
Ethnic Identity	322	(1)
Migration and Settlement	323	(1)
Culture Conflicts	324	(1)
Early Patterns	324	(1)
Upward Mobility	325	(2)
The Palestinians	327	(2)
Homeland Influence	327	(1)
The American Federation of Ramallah	327	(1)
Community Life	328	(1)
The Iranians	329	(2)
The Iraqis	331	(1)
The Turks	332	(1)
Factors against Immigration	332	(1)
Societal Attitudes	332	(1)
Immigrant Patterns	333	(1)
The Pakistanis	333	(1)
Other Asian and Middle Eastern Assimilation	334	(1)
Sociological Analysis	335	(2)
The Functionalist View	335	(1)
The Conflict View	336	(1)
The Interactionist View	336	(1)
Retrospect	337	(1)
Key Terms	338	(1)
Review Questions	338	(1)
Suggested Readings	338	(2)
Black Americans	340	(46)
Sociohistorical Perspective	341	(4)
The Years of Slavery	342	(1)
Racism and Its Legacy	343	(2)
Institutionalized Racism	345	(6)
Immigration and Jim Crow	345	(2)
Effects of Jim Crow	347	(3)
The Ku Klux Klan	350	(1)
The Winds of Change	351	(5)
Desegregation: The First Phase	351	(2)
Desegregation: The Second Phase	353	(3)
Urban Unrest	356	(3)
The 1960s Riots	357	(1)
The 1980s Miami Riots	357	(1)
The 1992 Los Angeles Riot	358	(1)
Postviolence Exodus	358	(1)
The Bell-Curve Debate	359	(3)
Early IQ Tests	359	(1)
IQ Test Performance by Other Groups	360	(2)
Language as Prejudice	362	(1)
Social Indicators of Black Progress	362	(8)
Education	363	(2)
Income	365	(1)
Occupation	366	(1)
Housing	367	(3)
Race or Class?	370	(3)
The Black Middle Class	371	(1)
The Black Poor	372	(1)
The Racial Divide	372	(1)
African and Afro-Caribbean Immigrants	373	(5)
Afro-Caribbean Americans	374	(3)
African-Born Americans	377	(1)
Black American Assimilation	378	(1)
Sociological Analysis	379	(3)
The Functionalist View	380	(1)
The Conflict View	381	(1)
The Interactionist View	382	(1)
Retrospect	382	(1)
Key Terms	383	(1)
Review Questions	384	(1)
Suggested Readings	384	(2)
Hispanic Americans	386	(45)
Sociohistorical Perspective	387	(8)
Structural Conditions	388	(2)
Cultural Differentiation	390	(1)
Racial Attitudes	391	(1)
Other Cultural Attributes	392	(1)
Current Patterns	392	(3)
Social Indicators of Hispanic Progress	395	(4)
Education	398	(1)
Income	398	(1)
Occupation	399	(1)
The Mexicans	399	(6)
Recruiting Mexicans	400	(1)
Expulsion	400	(2)
Violence	402	(1)
Urban Life	403	(1)
Stereotyping	403	(1)
Chicano Power	404	(1)
Current Patterns	405	(1)
The Puerto Ricans	405	(7)
Early Relations	405	(2)
The Push--Pull Factors	407	(1)
The Family	408	(1)
Religion	408	(2)
Puerto Rican Communities	410	(1)
Socioeconomic Characteristics	411	(1)
Mexicans and Puerto Ricans: A Comparison	412	(1)
The Cubans	412	(5)
Migration	413	(1)
Ethnic Communities	414	(1)
Cultural Values	415	(2)
Caribbean, Central and South Americans	417	(4)
The Dominicans	418	(2)
The Salvadorans	420	(1)
The Nicaraguans	420	(1)
The Colombians	421	(1)
Hispanic American Assimilation	421	(3)
Sociological Analysis	424	(3)
The Functionalist View	424	(1)
The Conflict View	425	(1)
The Interactionist View	426	(1)
Retrospect	427	(1)
Key Terms	428	(1)
Review Questions	428	(1)
Suggested Readings	428	(3)
PART 4 Other Minorities	431	(76)
Religious Minorities	432	(42)
Sociohistorical Perspective	435	(1)
Catholic Americans	435	(4)
Societal Hostility	436	(1)
Values and Practices	437	(1)
The Present Scene	438	(1)
Jewish Americans	439	(6)
Immigration Before 1880	439	(1)
Newcomers and Tension	440	(1)
Anti-Semitism	441	(1)
Upward Mobility	442	(1)
Social Interaction	443	(2)
Jewish Identity	445	(1)
The Mormons	445	(6)
The Early Years	446	(1)
Values and Practices	447	(2)
Current Problem Areas	449	(2)
Muslim Americans	451	(2)
Values and Practices	451	(2)
The Amish	453	(4)
Values, Symbols, and Practices	454	(2)
Conflicts with Society	456	(1)
The Rastafarians	457	(3)
The Early Years	457	(1)
From Outcasts to Social Acceptance	458	(1)
Values, Symbols, and Practices	459	(1)
Rastafarian Americans	460	(1)
The Santerians	460	(2)
Values, Symbols, and Practices	461	(1)
Santeria in the United States	462	(1)
Hindu Americans	462	(3)
Values, Symbols, and Practices	463	(1)
Hinduism in the United States	464	(1)
Religion and U.S. Society	465	(2)
Civil Religion	466	(1)
Current Controversies	466	(1)
Religious Assimilation	467	(1)
Sociological Perspectives	468	(2)
The Functionalist View	468	(1)
The Conflict View	469	(1)
The Interactionist View	469	(1)
Retrospect	470	(1)
Key Terms	471	(1)
Review Questions	471	(1)
Suggested Readings	472	(2)
Women as a Minority Group	474	(33)
Sociohistorical Perspective	476	(3)
Restrictions on Women	477	(1)
The Suffrage Movement	478	(1)
The Women's Liberation Movement	479	(1)
The Reality of Sexual Differences	479	(5)
Biological Explanations	480	(1)
Socialization and Gender Roles	480	(4)
Immigrant and Minority Women	484	(2)
Vestiges of White Ethnic Orientations	484	(1)
Today's Minority Women	485	(1)
Social Indicators of Women's Status	486	(9)
Education	487	(3)
Employment	490	(3)
Income	493	(2)
Sexual Harassment	495	(2)
The Hill--Thomas Hearings	496	(1)
Complaints and Actions	497	(1)
Sexism and the Law	497	(1)
Women and Politics	498	(2)
Sociological Analysis	500	(4)
The Functionalist View	500	(2)
The Conflict View	502	(1)
The Interactionist View	503	(1)
Retrospect	504	(1)
Key Terms	505	(1)
Review Questions	505	(1)
Suggested Readings	505	(2)
PART 5 Trends and Possibilities	507	(36)
The Ever-Changing U.S. Mosaic	508	(35)
Ethnic Consciousness	510	(3)
Country of Origin as a Factor	510	(2)
The Three-Generation Hypothesis	512	(1)
The Changing Face of Ethnicity	513	(9)
Transnationalism	513	(1)
Social Capital	514	(1)
Segmented Assimilation	514	(1)
Naturalization	515	(1)
Ethnicity as a Social Process	515	(6)
Symbolic Ethnicity	521	(1)
Current Ethnic Issues	522	(14)
Immigration Fears	522	(5)
Undocumented Aliens	527	(1)
Bilingual Education	528	(3)
The English-Only Movement	531	(2)
Multiculturalism	533	(3)
Racial and Ethnic Diversity in the Future	536	(4)
Indicators of Ethnoreligious Change	537	(2)
Beyond Tomorrow	539	(1)
Key Terms	540	(1)
Review Questions	540	(1)
Suggested Readings	541	(2)
Appendix	543	(4)
Glossary	547	(6)
Notes	553	(34)
Index	587	(13)
Credits	600