Stress and Animal Welfare

by Broom, Donald M.; Johnson, Kenneth G.

• ISBN13: 9780412395802
• ISBN10: 0412395800
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1993-11-01
• Publisher: Chapman & Hall

Summary

The book explains basic biological principles for students of animal housing, husbandry, management, and experimentation. The text provides a framework and reference source for everyone involved in moral decisions about animal usage.

Table of Contents

Preface	vii
Acknowledgements	ix
Approaching questions of stress and welfare	1	(7)
The range of use of the terms stress and welfare	1	(1)
Animal welfare and social change	2	(1)
The current debate about animal usage	3	(2)
The importance of beginning from basics	5	(2)
The challenge ahead	7	(1)
Systems regulating body and brain	8	(27)
The basic concept of homeostatic control	8	(1)
Inputs to control systems	8	(3)
Motivational state: stimulation in relation to learning	11	(4)
Outputs from decision centres	15	(2)
Control systems and needs	17	(6)
Types of control	23	(4)
Pain, fear and anxiety	27	(3)
Development of regulatory systems	30	(5)
Limits to adaptation	35	(22)
Limitations of timing and temporal aspects of stimulus modality	36	(6)
Limitations of intensity	42	(3)
The significance of different modes of stimulation	45	(1)
Integrating time, intensity and mode of stimulation	46	(1)
The concepts of tolerance and coping	47	(3)
Variations in patterns of adaptation	50	(3)
Other factors affecting adaptation	53	(4)
Stress and strain, welfare and suffering	57	(30)
Stress	58	(15)
Welfare	73	(14)
Assessing welfare: short-term responses	87	(24)
Behavioural measures	88	(4)
Physiological measures	92	(15)
Using indicators to evaluate welfare	107	(1)
Short-term welfare problems and concepts of stress	108	(3)
Assessing welfare: long-term responses	111	(34)
Reduced reproductive success	111	(1)
Life expectancy	112	(2)
Weight changes	114	(1)
Cardiovascular and blood parameters	115	(1)
Adrenal axes	116	(5)
Measures of immune system function	121	(6)
Disease incidence measures	127	(1)
Opioids	128	(2)
Behavioural measures	130	(8)
Other consequences of frustration and lack of control	138	(4)
Lack of stimulation and overstimulation	142	(2)
Interrelationships among measures	144	(1)
Preference studies and welfare	145	(13)
Time and energy allocation in a rich environment	145	(4)
Experimental studies of animal preferences	149	(6)
Do preference studies tell us what is important for animals?	155	(3)
Ethical problems concerning welfare	158	(8)
Value systems	159	(1)
How humans impose on other animals - and vice versa	160	(2)
Setting limits to assessed welfare	162	(2)
Unresolved difficulties	164	(2)
Solutions and conclusions	166	(9)
Purposes of studying stress and welfare	166	(1)
Practical approaches to assessing stress and welfare	167	(6)
Conclusions	173	(2)
Glossary	175	(4)
References	179	(28)
Index	207