Structural Colors in the Realm of Nature

by Kinoshita, Shuichi

• ISBN13: 9789812707833
• ISBN10: 9812707832
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2009-03-31
• Publisher: World Scientific Pub Co Inc

Summary

Structural colorations originate from self-organized micro-structures, which interact with light in a complex way to produce brilliant colors seen everywhere in nature. Research in this field is extremely new and has been rapidly growing in the last 10 years, because the elaborate structures created in nature can now be fabricated through various types of nanotechnologies. Indeed, a fundamental book covering this field from biological, physical, and engineering viewpoints has long been expected.

Table of Contents

Preface	p. vii
Introduction	p. 1
What Is Structural Color?	p. 1
Historical Review	p. 3
Fundamentals of Structural Coloration	p. 7
Fundamental Properties of Light	p. 7
Light as an Electromagnetic Wave	p. 7
Fresnel's Law	p. 9
Polarizations	p. 12
Thin-Film Interference	p. 15
Multilayer Interference	p. 20
Diffraction of Light and Diffraction Grating	p. 26
Photonic Crystals	p. 32
Light Scattering	p. 37
Butterflies and Moths	p. 43
General Descriptions	p. 43
Phylogeny of the Lepidoptera	p. 43
Lepidopteran Scales	p. 46
Morpho Butterflies	p. 48
General Remarks	p. 48
Basic Observations	p. 52
History of the Morpho Studies	p. 57
Progress in the Morpho Studies After the 1990s	p. 60
Physical Interpretation of the Morpho Coloring	p. 64
Morpho Mimicry	p. 87
Overview of the Structural Coloration in Butterflies and Moths	p. 92
Papilioninae (Papilionidae)	p. 95
Pierinae and Coliadinae (Pieridae)	p. 102
Lycaenidae	p. 105
Nymphalidae	p. 111
Hesperiidae (Hesperioidea)	p. 117
Moths	p. 117
Moth Eye	p. 122
Beetles and Other Insects	p. 129
Overview	p. 129
Beetles	p. 132
Scarabaeid Beetles	p. 132
Jewel Beetles, Leaf Beetles, and Tiger Beetles	p. 139
Scale-Bearing Beetles: Weevils	p. 146
Color-Changing Beetles	p. 148
Damselflies and Dragonflies	p. 149
Shield Bugs and Cicadas	p. 153
Other Insects	p. 155
Birds	p. 161
Overview	p. 161
Peacocks, Pheasants, and Ducks	p. 165
Hummingbirds	p. 171
Trogons	p. 174
Pigeons	p. 176
Non-iridescent Colorations - Kingfishers, Parakeets, Cotingas, and Jays	p. 179
Fish	p. 185
General Description	p. 185
Static Iridophores	p. 187
Motile Iridophores	p. 190
Corneal Iridescence	p. 195
Plants	p. 199
Miscellaneous	p. 207
Shells	p. 207
Spiders	p. 210
Marine Animals	p. 211
Mathematical Background	p. 215
Calculations of Multilayer Reflection	p. 215
Transfer Matrix Method	p. 215
Iterative Method	p. 218
Huxley's Method	p. 220
Estimation of Reflection Bandwidth	p. 225
Model for Morpho Butterfly Scale	p. 228
"Shelf Structure" Model	p. 228
Effect of Alternately Sticking Shelf Structure and Ridge Inclination	p. 233
Effect of Spatial Correlation in the Ridge Height Distribution	p. 236
2D Fourier Analysis of the Shelf Structure	p. 237
Antireflection Effect	p. 240
Monolayer and Multilayer Antireflectors	p. 240
Moth-Eye-Type Antireflector	p. 243
Average Refractive Index	p. 246
Cholesteric Liquid Crystal	p. 253
Parabolic Patterns	p. 253
Dispersion Relations and Optical Responses	p. 255
Bibliography	p. 265
Appendix A	p. 287
Appendix B	p. 327
Index of Scientific Names	p. 335
Subject Index	p. 345
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