Structure and Function of Cholinesterases and Related Proteins

by Doctor, Bhupendra P.; Taylor, Palmer; Quinn, Daniel M.; Rotundo, Richard L.; Gentry, Mary K.

• ISBN13: 9780306460500
• ISBN10: 0306460505
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1999-01-01
• Publisher: Springer Verlag

Summary

This book is a compilation of the presentations held at the Sixth International Meeting on Cholinesterases and Related Proteins. The volume describes recent investigations on the structure, catalytic and potential non-catalytic functions of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), and related proteins. Studies on the molecular and cellular biology of these enzymes and the genes which encode them are also described.

Table of Contents

Color Plates	xxv
Bert La Du - ASPET Plenary Lecture
Bert N. La Du, a Summary of His Career to 1998	1	(2)
Oksana Lockridge
Diversity and Processing of Acetylcholinesterase	3	(22)
Jean Massoulie
Alain Anselmet
Suzanne Bon
Eric Kerjci
Claire Legay
Ebrahim Mayat
Nathalie Morel
Stephanie Simon
Irwin B. Wilson Plenary Lecture
Structural and Functional Studies on Acetylcholinesterase: A Perspective	25	(10)
Israel Silman
Joel L. Sussman
I. THE GENES AND GENE PRODUCTS OF THE CHOLINESTERASES
A. Lectures
Genetic Manipulations of Catalytic and Non-Catalytic Functions of Human Cholinesterases	35	(6)
Hermona Soreq
ACHE Knockout Mouse; Cat AChE and Cat BChE Sequences; Tetramers of BChE	41	(4)
Oksana Lockridge
Wei Hua Xie
Arnaud Chatonnet
Palmer Taylor
Cynthia F. Bartels
Cibby Varkey Altamirano
Molecular Mechanisms Controlling the Synapse-Specific Expression and Activity-Linked Regulation of Acetylcholinesterase in Skeletal Muscle Fibers	45	(6)
Bernard J. Jasmin
Celine Boudreau-Lariviere
Feisal A. Adatia
Lindsay Angus
Roxanne Y. Y. Chan
Mark Kotlarewski
Andrea M. Krupa
Fawzi A. Mankal
Intronic Elements Appear Essential for the Differentiation-Specific Expression of Acetylcholinesterase in C2C12 Myotubes	51	(6)
Shelley Camp
Palmer Taylor
The Building of Acetylcholinesterase Collagen-Tailed Forms: A Model	57	(8)
Eric Krejci
Fluorescent Fasciculin: A New Probe for Studying the Targeting, Attachment, and Organization of Acetylcholinesterase at the Neuromuscular Synapse	65	(6)
Richard L. Rotundo
Susana G. Rossi
Hong Pu
H. Benjamin Peng
Factors That Determine AChE Efficacy in Synaptic Function	71	(8)
Lili Anglister
Glucocorticoid Control of Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterase Expression in the Mammalian Organism	79	(8)
Katarina Zajc-Kreft
Martina Brank
Urska Weber
Zoran Grubic
Four Acetylcholinesterase Genes in the Nematodes Caenorhabditis elegans and Caenorhabditis briggsae	87	(6)
Emmanuel Culetto
Marta Grauso
Didier Combes
Yann Fedon
Rita Romani
Jean-Pierre Toutant
Martine Arpagaus
Neural Activation of Muscles Regulates Muscle Acetylcholinesterase Expression	93	(6)
Janez Sketelj
Neva Crne-Finderle
Acetylcholinesterase in Elapid Snakes: Identification of a New Exon in Bungarus fasciatus	99	(6)
Xavier Cousin
Suzanne Bon
Jacques Grassi
Jean Massoulie
Cassian Bon
Structure and Function of Cholinesterases from Agnathans and Cephalochordates: Implications for the Evolution of Cholinesterases	105	(6)
Leo Pezzementi
David Sutherland
Michael Sanders
Weily Soong
Daniel Milner
James Scott McClellan
Mathew Sapp
William Blake Coblentz
Gabriel Rulewicz
Sarah Merritt
B. Posters
The Human ACHE Locus Includes a Polymorphic Enhancer Domain 17KB Upstream from the Transcription Start Site	111	(1)
M. Shapira
M. Korner
L. Bosgraaf
I. Tur-Kaspa
H. Soreq
Novel Transcription Start Site for Murine AChE	112	(1)
E. Atanasova
S. Brimijoin
Neurotrophins Differentially Regulate Expression of Cholinergic Enzymes in Cultured Spinal Cord Motoneurons	113	(2)
Andrea M. Krupa
David J. Parry
Bernard J. Jasmin
Extrajunctional Expression of the Asymmetric Molecular Forms of Acetylcholinesterase in Slow Rat Muscles Transinnervated by a Fast Motor Nerve	115	(2)
Neva Crne-Finderle
Janez Sketelj
Increased Expression of Acetylcholinesterase T and R Transcripts during Hematopoietic Differentiation Is Accompanied by Parallel Elevations in the Levels of Their Respective Molecular Forms	117	(2)
Roxanne Y. Y. Chan
Feisal A. Adatia
Andrea M. Krupa
Bernard J. Jasmin
Expression of the Acetylcholinesterase Gene in Skeletal Muscle Fibers: Role of Intronic Sequences	119	(2)
Roxanne Y. Y. Chan
Celine Boudreau-Lariviere
Fawzi A. Mankal
Lindsay Angus
Andrea M. Krupa
Bernard J. Jasmin
Intronic Sequences Influence Pre-mRNA Splicing of Acetylcholinesterase during Muscle Differentiation	121	(2)
Z. David Luo
Shelley Camp
Annick Mutero
Palmer Taylor
Calcineurin Enhances mRNA Stability of Acetylcholinesterase during Muscle Differentiation in C2-C12 Cells	123	(2)
Z. David Luo
Yibin Wang
Palmer Taylor
Degradation of AChE mRNA in the Normal and Denervated Rat Skeletal Muscle	125	(2)
Katarina Zajc-Kreft
Samo Kreft
Zoran Grubic
Transcriptional Control of Acetylcholinesterase Expression during Quail Muscle Development in Culture	127	(1)
Susana G. Rossi
Richard L. Rotundo
Activity-Linked Regulation of Acetylcholinesterase mRNA Levels Involves Distinct Molecular Mechanisms in Developing versus Adult Skeletal Muscles	128	(2)
Celine Boudreau-Lariviere
Roxanne Y. Y. Chan
Bernard J. Jasmin
Testosterone Regulation of Acetylcholinesterase in the Rat Levator Ani Muscle	130	(2)
R. O. Godinho
I. Furlan
V. L. Costa Jr.
A. J. Lapa
Assembly, Stability and Secretion of Acetylcholinesterase in Cultured Mouse Muscle Cells	132	(2)
Fawzi A. Mankal
Jean Massoulie
Bernard J. Jasmin
Claire Legay
Regulation of Acetylcholinesterase Oligomerization in the Muscles by Associated-Acetylcholinesterase Collagen, ColQ	134	(1)
Eric Krejci
Claire Legay
Sebastien Thomine
Janez Sketelj
Jean Massoulie
The Glycolipid-Addition Signal of Acetylcholinesterase: Cellular Compartmentation, Cleavage, GPI Addition and Secretion	135	(1)
Suzanne Bon
Francoise Coussen
Jean Massoulie
Four Acetylcholinesterase Genes in the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. I. Ace-1 and Ace-2	136	(2)
Didier Combes
Emmanuel Culetto
Marta Grauso Rita Romani Yann Fedon
Jean-Pierre Toutant
Martine Arpagaus
Four Acetylcholinesterase Genes in the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. II: The Third and Fourth Ace Genes	138	(2)
Marta Grauso
Emmanuel Culetto
Didier Combes
Yann Fedon
Jean-Pierre Toutant
Martine Arpagaus
CDNA Cloning, in Vitro Expression, and Biochemical Characterization of Cholinesterase 1 and Cholinesterase 2 from Amphioxus: Comparison with Cholinesterase 1 and Cholinesterase 2 Produced in Vivo	140	(1)
William Blake Coblentz
Sarah Merritt
Gabriel Rulewicz
James Scott McClellan
Mathew Sapp
David Isaac Gaines
Ashley Hawkins
Caroline Ozment
Amy Bearden
John Cunningham
Elizabeth Palmer
Amir Contractor
Leo Pezzementi
Acetylcholinesterase Expression during Development of Danio rerio	141	(2)
Christelle Bertrand
Xavier Cousin
Jean-Pierre Toutant
Arnaud Chatonnet
Molecular Cloning and Characterization of a cDNA Encoding AChE from Optic Lobe of Loligo opalescences	143	(1)
V. Talesa
M. Grauso
M. Arpagaus
E. Giovannini
G. Rosi
Electrophorus electricus Acetylcholinesterase: Gene and Protein Structure	144	(1)
Stephanie Simon
Jean Massoulie
Amino Acid Sequence of Horse Serum Butyrylcholinesterase	145	(2)
Deborah R. Moorad
Gregory E. Garcia
B. P. Doctor
Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterase of Cat	147	(1)
Cynthia F. Bartels
Wei Hua Xie
Amanda K. Miller-Lindholm
Oksana Lockridge
Bovine Acetylcholinestrase-Cloning, Expression and Characterization of the Recombinant Enzyme	148	(1)
Itai Mendelson
Chanoh Kronman
Nechama Zeliger
Tamar Seri
Arie Ordentlich
Avigdor Shafferman
Baruch Velan
Acetylcholinesterase Autoimmunity in Vitro	149	(1)
H. Tang
P. Hammond
L. Ermilov
S. Miller
S. Brimijoin
Expression of Human Butyrylcholinesterase in Trichoplusia ni Insect Larvae	150	(1)
Peter L. Platteborze
Oksana Lockridge
Clarence A. Broomfield
Stabilization of Recombinant Drosophila Acetylcholinesterase	151	(2)
Sandino Estrada-Mondaca
Didier Fournier
II. CHOLINESTERASES IN THERAPY OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE
A. Lectures
Pharmacological Basis of Cholinergic Therapy in Alzheimer Disease	153	(6)
Ezio Giacobini
Age Influences the Synergy between Butyrylcholinesterase K Variant and Apolipoprotein E 4 in Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease	159	(8)
D. J. Lehmann
C. Johnston
M. Cortina Borja
A. D. Smith
Molecular Interactions of Acetylcholinesterase with the Synaptic Basal Lamina and the Senile Plaques	167	(8)
Nibaldo C. Inestrosa
Rodrigo Alarcon
Alejandra Alvarez
Frances Calderon
Eliseo O. Campos
Olivia I. Casanueva
Giancarlo V. De Ferrari
Paola Deprez
Tea Garcia-Huidobro
Francisco Jose Munoz
Daniel Perez
Ariel Reyes
Expression and Glycosylation of Acetylcholinesterase in Alzheimer's Disease Brain: From Pathogenesis to Diagnosis	175	(6)
Javier Saez-Valero
Gian Sberna
Catriona McLean
Qiao-Xin Li
David H. Small
B. Posters
Comparative Effects of Cholinesterase Inhibitors on Glutamate-Induced Neuronal Cell Death	181	(1)
Haresh Ved
Jitendra Dave
Trang Nguyen
Bhupendra P. Doctor
Acetylcholinesterase Enhances the Neurotoxicity of β-Amyloid Fibrils	182	(1)
Francisco J. Munoz
Nibaldo C. Inestrosa
Multilevel Approaches to AChE-Induced Impairments in Learning and Memory	183	(2)
Shlomo Seidman
Osnat Cohen
Dalia Ginsberg
Eldad Eichengreen
Yehuda Pollak
Raz Yirmiya
Hermona Soreq
Identification of an Acetylcholinesterase Fragment That Promotes Alzheimer β-Amyloid Fibril Formation	185	(2)
Giancarlo V. De Ferrari
Nibaldo C. Inestrosa
Differential Effect of Acetylcholinesterase on Neuronal and Glial Cells in Culture	187	(2)
Frances H. Calderon
Nibaldo C. Inestrosa
III. MECHANISTIC CONSIDERATIONS OF CHOLINESTERASE CATALYSIS AND INHIBITION
A. Lectures
Substrate Binding to the Peripheral Site Occurs on the Catalytic Pathway of Acetylcholinesterase and Leads to Substrate Inhibition	189	(8)
Terrone L. Rosenberry
William D. Mallender
Patrick J. Thomas
Tivadar Szegletes
Structure of the Acylation Transition State for Acetylcholinesterase Catalysis	197	(6)
Siobhan Malany
R. Steven Sikorski
Javier Seravalli
Rohit Medhekar
Daniel M. Quinn
Zoran Radic
Palmer Taylor
Baruch Velan
Chanoch Kronman
Avigdor Shafferman
Contribution of the Active Center Functional Architecture to AChe Reactivity Toward Substrates and Inhibitors	203	(8)
Avigdor Shafferman
Arie Ordentlich
Dov Barak
Chanoch Kronman
Naomi Ariel
Baruch Velan
The Effect of Peripheral Site Ligands on the Reaction Kinetics of Phosphyl and Carboxyl Esters with Acetylcholinesterase	211	(4)
Zoran Radic
Palmer Taylor
Acceleration of Oxime-Induced Reactivation of Organophosphate-Inhibited Acetylcholinesterase by Quaternary Ligands	215	(8)
Chunyuan Luo
Yacov Ashani
Ashima Saxena
Haim Leader
Donald M. Maxwell
Palmer Taylor
Bhupendra P. Doctor
Reaction of Human Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) H117 Enzymes with Carbamates	223	(4)
C. A. Broomfield
K. V. Mills
B. M. Meier
O. Lockridge
C. B. Millard
B. Posters
An Integrated Model for the Molecular Traffic Through the Active Site of Cholinesterases	227	(2)
Simone A. Botti
Clifford Felder
Shneior Lifson
Joel L. Sussman
Israel Silman
Substrate Binding to the Acetylcholinesterase Peripheral Site Promotes Substrate Hydrolysis but also Gives Rise to Substrate Inhibition	229	(1)
Tivadar Szegletes
William D. Mallender
Terrone L. Rosenberry
Activity of Torpedo californica Acetylcholinesterase in the Crystalline State	230	(2)
Anne Nicolas
Charles B. Millard
Mia L. Raves
Raimond B. G. Ravelli
Jan Kroon
Israel Silman
Joel L. Sussman
Correlation of Isotope and Viscosity Effects: A Measure of Rate Determination for the Acylation Stage of Acetylcholinesterase Catalysis	232	(1)
Siobhan Malany
Palmer Taylor
Daniel M. Quinn
Monali Sawai
Avigdor Shafferman
Baruch Velan
Chanoch Kronman
Low-Barrier Hydrogen Bond in the Catalytic Triad of Serine Enzymes	233	(1)
Rohit Medhekar
Nathan Baker
Kenneth Sando
William Kearney
Daniel Quinn
Does Electrostatic Attraction or Steering by Charged Residues within the Gorge Contribute to the Reactivity of AChE?	234	(2)
Arie Ordentlich
Dov Barak
Dana Stein
Dana Berman
Chanoh Kronman
Naomi Ariel
Baruch Velan
Avigdor Shafferman
Photoaffinity Labeling with [3H]-DDF Reveals TRP82 and TYR332 Are Involved in Two Quaternary Ammonium Binding Domains of Human Butyrylcholinesterase	236	(2)
F. Nachon
L. Ehret-Sabatier
and M. Goeldner
4-Aminoquinolines as AChE Inhibitors: Studies into Species Selectivity	238	(1)
P.D. Bentley
F. Earley
R. J. Fletcher
A. Kinkaid
T. Lewis
B. Pirard
J. Taylor
R. C. Viner
Identification of Residues Involved in Naja naja oxiana AChE Insensitivity to Fasciculin	239	(1)
Christoph Weise
Cassian Bon
Xavier Cousin
Expression and Purification of Recombinant Mutants of Fasciculin from Mammalian Cells	240	(2)
Joan R. Kanter
Jonathan Eads
Shelley Camp
Pascale Marchot
Palmer Taylor
Photo-Induced Inhibition of Human Butyrylcholinesterase by Phenyldiazonium Esters	242	(1)
Christophe Colas
Maurice Goeldner
Inhibition of Acetylcholinesterase (AChE; E.C. 3.1.1.7) and Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE; E.C. 3.1.1.8) by Terbutaline	243	(1)
Z. Kovarik
Z. Radic
M. Skrinjaric-Spoljar
E. Reiner
V. Simeon-Rudolf
Effects of Triton X100 on the Activity of Acetylcholinesterases from Drosophila melanogaster, Musca domestica and Torpedo californica	244	(1)
Adrian R. Kinkaid
Fergus G. Earley
Cyclic, Selectively Permeable Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors: Design and Screening of Peptide and Pseudopeptide Compounds	245	(1)
William D. Mallender
Shivani Agarwal
Wanli Ma
Arno F. Spatola
Terrone L. Rosenberry
The Aromatic Moiety at Position-86 of HuAChE Accelerate the Aging of Phosphonyl-AChE Conjugates Through Cation- Interactions	246	(1)
Dov Barak
Arie Ordentlich
Dana Stein
Yoffi Segall
Baruch Velan
Hendrik P. Benschop
Leo P. A. De Jong
Avigdor Shafferman
pH Dependence of Dealkylation in Soman-Inhibited Cholinesterases and Their Mutants: Further Evidence for a Push-Pull Mechanism	247	(2)
Carol Viragh
Ashima Saxena
Scott Frazier
Ildiko M. Kovach
Oksana Lockridge
B. P. Doctor
ESMS as a Unique Tool for the Molecular Monitoring of Reactions between HuAChE and Various OP-Agents	249	(1)
Arie Ordentlich
Ruth Barak Dov Barak
Meir Fischer
Hendrik P. Benschop
Leo P. A. De Jong
Yoffi Segall
Baruch Velan
Avigdor Shafferman
Reactivation of Enantiomeric Organophosphonyl Conjugates of Acetylcholinesterase Mutants F295L and F297I by Mono- and Bis-Quaternary Oximes	250	(2)
Lilly Wong
Zoran Radic
Natilie Hosea
Harvey A. Berman
Palmer Taylor
Improved Acetylcholinesterase Reactivation with Bis-Oximes Modeled on Crystal Structure	252	(1)
P. Hammond
C. Kern
Y.-P. Pang
S. Brimijoin
Caged Cholinergic Ligands and Photoregulation of Cholinesterase Activities	253	(2)
Ling Peng
Maurice Goeldner
IV. NERVE AGENTS AND ANTIDOTES
A. Lectures
Current Capabilities in Extrapolating from Animal to Human the Capacity of Human Butyrylcholinesterase to Detoxify Organophosphates	255	(6)
Yacov Ashani
Ettie Grauer
Jacob Grunwald
Nahum Allon
Lily Raveh
Retrospective Detection of Exposure to Nerve Agents in the Rhesus Monkey and in Man	261	(8)
Martine Polhuijs
Jan P. Langenberg
Daan Noort
Albert G. Hulst
Hendrik P. Benschop
Acetylcholinesterase, a Versatile Protein: Applied Toxicology Aspects	269	(8)
L. Szinicz
H. Thiermann
F. Worek
P. Eyer
Quaternary-Lipophilic Carbamates with Blood Brain Barrier Permeability as Potential Drugs for the Treatment of Diseases Associated with Cholinergic Deficiency	277	(6)
G. Amitai
R. Adani
I. Rabinovitz
G. Sod-Moriah
R. Brandeis
E. Rachaman
E. Heldman
The Role of Oligosaccharides in the Pharmacokinetics of Cholinesterases	283	(8)
Ashima Saxena
Yacov Ashani
Lily Raveh
B. P. Doctor
Contribution of Primary Sequence and Post-Translation Modification to the Pharmacokinetics of Human and Bovine Acetylcholinesterases	291	(8)
Baruch Velan
Chanoch Kronman
Theodor Chitlaru
Itai Mendelson
Arie Ordentlich
Avigdor Shafferman
B. Posters
Synthesis of Imidazolio-Quinuclidinium Oximes: Potential Antidotes against Organophosphorus Poisoning	299	(1)
Ines Primozic
Srdanka Tomic
A Comparison of Blood Cholinesterase Activities, Pyridostigmine Inhibition of Red Cell Acetylcholinesterase, and Butyrylcholinesterase Phenotypes in Gulf War Veterans and Normal Controls	300	(2)
Mary Kay Gentry
Stephanie Powell
Nancy Bitsko
Cynthia Bartels
John Bartko
Raymond Chung
Oksana Lockridge
Jorge Ribas
Michael Roy
John Malone
B. P. Doctor
Blood Cholinesterase Activity Levels of Victims Intoxicated with Sarin in Matsumoto and Tokyo Subway System	302	(1)
Y. Seto
N. Tsunoda
M. Kataoka
K. Tsuge
T. Nagano
Diisopropylphosphorofluoridate-Induced Modulation of Different Nerve Action Potentials: Involvement of Decreased Cholinesterase Activity	303	(2)
S. B. Deshpande
S. Das Gupta
Sequestration of Toxic Phosphorylated Oximes by Stoichiometric and Catalytic Scavengers	305	(2)
Haim Leader
A. Vincze
Nathan Rothschild
Carlos Dosoretz
Yacov Ashani
Characterization of ChEs Immobilized on Polyurethane Foams	307	(2)
Richard K. Gordon
Shawn R. Feaster
Patrick C. Herron II
Erik R. Lowe
Keith E. LeJeune
Alan J. Russell
David E. Lenz
Michelle Ross
Bhupendra P. Doctor
V. CHOLINESTERASES AND RELATED PROTEINS: COMPUTATION AND CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
A. Lectures
Structure-Function Relationships in High Molecular Weight PAF-Acetylhydrolases from the Studies of a Microbial α/β Hydrolase	309	(6)
Zygmunt Derewenda
Yunyi Wei
Urszula Derewenda
Crystal Structure of Mouse Acetylcholinesterase	315	(8)
Yves Bourne
Palmer Taylor
Joan R. Kanter
Pierre E. Bougis
Pascale Marchot
3D Structure at 2.7A Resolution of Native and E202Q Mutant Human Acetylcholinesterase Complexed with Fasciculin-II	323	(4)
Gitay Kryger
Kurt Giles
Michal Harel
Lilly Toker
Baruch Velan
Ariel Lazar
Chanoch Kronman
Dov Barak
Naomi Ariel
Avigdor Shafferman
Israel Silman
Joel L. Sussman
Computer Simulation Studies of Acetylcholinesterase Dynamics and Activity	327	(4)
J.
Stanislaw Wlodek
Terry Clark
Paul Kirchhoff
L. Ridgway Scott
Sylvia Tara
Fasciculin Inhibition of Mouse Acetylcholinesterase: Crystal Structure of the Complex and Mutagenesis	331	(8)
Pascale Marchot
Yves Bourne
Claudine N. Prowse
Joan R. Kanter
Jonathan Eads
Pierre E. Bougis
Palmer Taylor
The Push-Pull Mechanism of Dealkylation in Soman-Inhibited Cholinesterases and Their Mutants: Broad pH Profiles and Molecular Dynamics Calculations	339	(6)
Ildiko M. Kovach
Thermodynamic Correlation with Kinetic Association Rates for Several Mutants of Mouse Acetylcholinesterase	345	(6)
Paul I. W. de Bakker
Sylvia Tara
James M. Briggs
Quaternary Structure of Tetrameric Acetylcholinesterase	351	(6)
Mia L. Raves
Kurt Giles
Joseph D. Schrag
Michael F. Schmid
George N. Phillips Jr.
Wah Chiu
Andrew J. Howard
Israel Silman
Joel L. Sussman
Fast Molecular Docking Methods	357	(10)
Lynn F. Ten Eyck
Jeffrey Mandell
Vladimir Kotlovyi
Igor Tsigleny
B. Posters
Weighted-Ensemble Brownian Dynamics for Charged Ligand Diffusion onto Acetylcholinesterase	367	(1)
Nathan A. Baker
Gary Huber
J.
Alternate Pathways for Acetic Acid and Acetate Ion Release from Acetylcholinesterase: A Molecular Dynamics Study	368	(1)
Istvan J. Enyedy
Ildiko M. Kovach
Molecular Dynamics of Acetylcholinesterase Dimer	369	(1)
Stanislaw T. Wlodek
Terry W. Clark
J.
3D Structure of a Complex of Human Acetylcholinesterase with Fasciculin-II at 2.7A Resolution	370	(1)
Gitay Kryger
Kurt Giles
Michal Harel
Lilly Toker
Baruch Velan
Ariel Lazar
Chanoch Kronman
Dov Barak
Naomi Ariel
Avigdor Shafferman
Israel Silman
Joel L. Sussman
Crystal Structures of Complexes of E2020-Related Compounds with Torpedo californica Acetylcholinesterase	371	(1)
Harry M. Greenblatt
Gitay Kryger
Michal Harel
Terry Lewis
John Taylor
Israel Silman
Joel L. Sussman
Alternative Crystal Forms of Torpedo californica Acetylcholinesterase	372	(1)
Mia L. Raves
Harry M. Greenblatt
Gitay Kryger
Anne Nicolas
Raimond B. G. Ravelli
Michal Harel
Jan Kroon
Israel Silman
Joel L. Sussman
Kinetic and X-Ray Crystallographic Studies of the Binding of Ena-713 to Torpedo californica Acetylcholinesterase	373	(2)
Pazit Bar-On
Michal Harel
Charles B. Millard
Albert Enz
Joel L. Sussman
Israel Silman
Compatibility of Structures Inferred from Mutagenesis and from X-Ray Crystallography for Various AChE Complexes	375	(2)
Naomi Ariel
Arie Ordentlich
Dov Barak
Tamar Bino
Baruch Velan
Avigdor Shafferman
Oxime Reactivation of Acetylcholinesterase Inhibited by Enantiomeric Organophosphates: A Computational Analysis	377	(2)
Roger J. M. Bruggemann
Zoran Radic
Igor Tsigelny
Palmer Taylor
VI. CHOLINESTERASES AND RELATED PROTEINS: STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL CONSIDERATIONS
A. Lectures
Site-Directed Photo-Probes for Structural and Functional Investigations on Cholinesterases	379	(8)
Florian Nachon
Christophe Colas
Ling Peng
Laurence Ehret-Sabatier
Maurice Goeldner
Comparison of Cholinesterases and Carboxylesterase as Bioscavengers for Organophosphorus Compounds	387	(6)
Donald M. Maxwell
Karen Brecht
Ashima Saxena
Shawn Feaster
B. P. Doctor
Optimization of the Signal Peptide for Glycosyl Phosphatidylinositol-(GPI)-Modification of Human Acetylcholinesterase	393	(6)
Goran Bucht
Per Wikstrom
Lena Lindgren
Karin Hjalmarsson
Mechanical Aspects of the Phosphotriesterase Activity of Human Butyrylcholinesterase G117H Mutant	399	(8)
Christine Albaret
Patrick Masson
Clarence A. Broomfield
Laurent El Kaim
Pierre-Louis Fortier
Metal Binding Motifs in Cholinesterases and Neuroligins: Structural Comparison	407	(6)
Igor Tsigelny
Takehiko Matsumura
Thomas Sudhof
Palmer Taylor
A View from the Gorge: Reactivation and the Importance of Water	413	(6)
Harvey Alan Berman
Structural Changes in the Active Site Gorge of Phosphylated Cholinesterase Accompanying the Aging Process	419	(6)
Patrick Masson
Cecile Clery
Patrice Guerra
Pierre-Louis Fortier
Christine Albaret
Oksana Lockridge
Crystal Structures of ``Aged'' Phosphorylated and Phosphonylated Torpedo californica Acetylcholinesterase	425	(8)
Charles B. Millard
Gitay Kryger
Arie Ordentlich
Michal Harel
Mia L. Raves
Harry M. Greenblatt
Yoffi Segall
Dov Barak
Avigdor Shafferman
Israel Silman
Joel L. Sussman
B. Posters
On the Mechanisms of Anticholinesterase Action of Organophosphorus Inhibitors (OPI): Accessibility of Phosphorus Atom for Interaction with Various Cholinesterases (ChE)	433	(1)
Evgeniy V. Rozengart
Natalia N. Shestakova
Mechanical Aspects of the Phosphotriesterase Activity of Human Butyrylcholinesterase G117H Mutant	434	(1)
Christine Albaret
Patrick Masson
Clarence A. Broomfield
Laurent El Kaim
Pierre-Louis Fortier
Surface Residues Near the Peripheral Site Affect the Stability of Torpedo Acetylcholinesterase	435	(1)
Nathalie Morel
Suzanne Bon
Joel Sussman
Jean Massoulie
Israel Silman
Stability of the Quaternary Structure of Butyrylcholinesterase Subjected to Ultrasound or Hydrostatic Pressure	436	(2)
Marie-Therese Froment
Cecile Clery
Alexandra Weingand-Ziade
Patrick Masson
Membrane-Promoted Unfolding of Torpedo californica and Bungarus fasciatus Acetylcholinesterase	438	(2)
Irina Shin
Israel Silman
Cassian Bon
Lev Weiner
Association of Tetramers of Human Butyrylcholinesterase Is Mediated by Conserved Aromatic Residues of the Carboxy Terminus	440	(2)
Cibby Varkey Altamirano
Oksana Lockridge
Assembly of Acetylcholinesterase Subunits in Vitro	442	(2)
Kurt Giles
Raphael Ben-Yohanan
Baruch Velan
Avigdor Shafferman
Joel L. Sussman
Israel Silman
The Heparin-Binding Sites in the Collagenic Tail of Acetylcholinesterase: I. Importance of the Triple-Helical Conformation	444	(2)
Paola Deprez
Nibaldo C. Inestrosa
The Heparin-Binding Sites in the Collagenic Tail of Acetylcholinesterase: II. Site-Directed Mutagenesis Approach	446	(2)
Paola Deprez
Eric Krejci
Nibaldo C. Inestrosa
Jean Massoulie
The Conjunction of a Conserved Electrostatic Motif and a Common Cholinesterase Fold Defines a Class of Adhesion Proteins	448	(2)
Simone A.Botti
Clifford Felder
Joel L. Sussman
Israel Silman
Expression and Tissue Distribution of Cholinesterases via EST Analysis	450	(1)
Kurt Giles
Israel Silman
Joel L. Sussman
Homology Modelling of Drosophila melanogaster and Electrophorus Eel Acetylcholinesterases	451	(1)
Bernard Pirard
Russell C. Viner
Acetylcholinesterase Structural Perturbations Examined through Cysteine Substitution Mutagenesis	452	(1)
Aileen E. Boyd
Lilly Wong
Palmer Taylor
Structural Modifications of the Ω Loop in Human Acetylcholinesterase	453	(1)
Naomi Ariel
Baruch Velan
Dov Barak
Moshe Leitner
Tamar Bino
Arie Ordentlich
Avigdor Shafferman
Crystal Structures of ``Aged'' Phosphorylated and Phosphonylated Torpedo californica Acetylcholinesterase	454	(3)
Charles B. Millard
Gitay Kryger
Arie Ordentlich
Michal Harel
Mia L. Raves
Harry M. Greenblatt
Yoffi Segall
Dov Barak
Avigdor Shafferman
Israel Silman
Joel L Sussman
VII. CHOLINESTERASE DATABASES, WORKSHOP ON STRUCTURE-FUNCTION
A. Lectures
A Database of Pairwise Aligned 3-D Structures for the Acetylcholinesterases, Lipases and Other Homologous Proteins	457	(6)
Philip E. Bourne
Ilya N. Shindyalov
Esther 1998, aChEdb Short Tutorial	463	(6)
Arnaud Chatonnet
Thierry Hotelier
Xavier Cousin
3D Structure of a Complex of the Anti-Alzheimer Drug, E2020, with Acetylcholinesterase at 2.5A Resolution	469	(8)
Gitay Kryger
Israel Silman
Joel L. Sussman
VIII. ACETYLCHOLINESTERASES IN AGRICULTURAL USE, INSECTICIDES AND RESISTANCE
A. Lectures
The OECD Program: Biological Resource Management for Sustainable Agricultural Systems: An Introduction to the Session: Cholinesterase Inhibitors in Agricultural Use. Pesticides	477	(2)
Jean-Pierre Toutant
Heikki Hokkanen
Researches on Cholinesterases and Plant Protection: An Introduction	479	(4)
Jean Baptiste Berge
Martine Arpagaus
Acetylcholinesterase and Insecticide Resistance in the Mosquito Culex pipiens: A Review	483	(8)
Denis Bourguet
Didier Fournier
Jean Pierre Toutant
Martine Arpagaus
Michel Raymond
Biochemical and Molecular Characterisation of Insecticide Insensitive Acetylcholinesterase in Resistant Insects	491	(6)
Alan L. Devonshire
Frank J. Byrne
Graham D. Moores
Martin S. Williamson
Molecular Basis of Esterase-Mediated Op Resistance in Two Higher Diptera	497	(6)
J. G. Oakeshott
C. Claudianos
P. M. Campbell
G. C. Robin
R. D. Newcomb
W. A. Odgers
R. L. Harcourt
R. J. Russell
Acetylcholinesterase Increase in Drosophila as a Mechanism of Resistance to Insecticide	503	(6)
Alice Charpentier
Francois Villatte
Didier Fournier
Why Do Some Parasitic Nematodes Secrete Acetylcholinesterase (AChE)?	509	(6)
David. I. Pritchard
Chris Jagger
Chris Green
Ken Lowe
Secretory Acetylcholinesterases from the Nematode Parasite Nippostrongylus brasiliensis: Properties and Implications for Mucosal Immunity	515	(8)
Murray E. Selkirk
Ayman S. Hussein
Wayne S. Russell
Michael E. Grigg
Matilde R. Chacon
Angela M. Smith
Sian Henson
John R. Tippins
Differential Plant-Parasitic Nematode Sensitivity to Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors	523	(8)
C. H. Opperman
Isomalathion Stereoisomers: Insecticide Impurities or New Probe of Cholinesterase?	531	(8)
Todd T. Talley
Suree Jianmongkol
Rudy Richardson
Zoran Radic
Charles M. Thompson
Cholinesterases and Agriculture: Humans, Laboratory Animals, Wildlife	539	(8)
B. W. Wilson
S. A. McCurdy
J. D. Henderson
S. A. McCarthy
J. E. Billitti
B. Posters
Purification and Biochemical Characterization of Affinity-Tagged Musca domestica Acetylcholinesterase Secreted from Baculovirus Infected Cells	547	(1)
Graham Moores
Martin Williamson
Medard Hadonou
Alan Devonshire
Kari Kataja
Juha Uitto
Christian Oker-Blom
Mutations in the Housefly Acetylcholinesterase Gene That Confer Resistance to Insecticides	548	(1)
M. S. Williamson
G. D. Moores
S. Walsh
T. Dolden
A. Mullaley
R. Taylor
A. L. Devonshire
An Insensitive AChE Confers Insecticide Resistance in Myzus persicae	549	(1)
G. D. Moores
N. Javed
M. S. Williamson
A. L. Devonshire
T. Lewis
The Acetylcholinesterase Gene and Organophosphorous Resistance in the Australian Sheep Blowfly, Lucilia cuprina	550	(3)
Z. Chen
E. Forbes
R. Newcomb
J. A. McKenzie
P. Batterham
Shielding of Acetylcholinesterase Does Not Result in the Protection of Honey Bee Against Poisoning by Organophosphates
Androniki Polyzou
Marie-Therese Froment
Patrick Masson
Luc P. Belzunces
Engineering Sensitive Acetylcholinesterase for Detection of Organophosphate and Carbamate Insecticides	553	(1)
Francois Villatte
Veronique Marcel
Sandino Estrada-Mondaca
Didier Fournier
Comparison of Fetal and Maternal Brain Cholinesterase Activity Following Repeated versus Single Late Gestational Exposure to Chlorpyrifos	554	(3)
T. L. Lassiter
S. Padilla
S. M. Chanda
K. Das
N. Haykal-Coates
D. Hunter
R. Marshall
S. Barone Jr.
IX. NON-CHOLINERGIC FUNCTIONS OF CHOLINESTERASES AND GENETIC ABNORMALITIES IN THE CHOLINESTERASES
A. Lectures
Non-Cholinergic Actions of Acetylcholinesterase in the Substantia Nigra	557	(6)
Susan Greenfield
Possible Adhesive Function of Transiently Expressed Acetylcholinesterase in Developing Cerebral Cortex	563	(6)
Richard T. Robertson
Kimberly J. Claytor
Jen Yu
Nonenzymatic Roles of Cholinesterases in Avian Neurogenesis: Antisense-BChE Transfection Increases AChE Expression, Differentiation and Apoptosis in Retinal Reaggregates	569	(8)
P. G. Layer
M. Keller
A. Mack
E. Willbold
A. Robitzki
A Morphogenic Role for Acetylcholinesterase in Neurite Outgrowth: Studies on a Cell Adhesive Function	577	(8)
John W. Bigbee
Karun V. Sharma
Pharmacologic Tests of a Role for Acetylcholinesterase in Promoting Neurite Outgrowth by Dorsal Root Ganglia	585	(6)
S. Chiappa
S. Brimijoin
B. Posters
Suppression of Butyrylcholinesterase Induces Overexpression of Acetylcholinesterase and Increased Apoptosis in Embryonic Chick Retinospheroids	591	(2)
Andrea Robitzki
Alexandra Mack
Paul G. Layer
The Role of Acetylcholinesterase in Neuronal Differentiation	593	(1)
Alain Anselmet
Ebrahim Mayat
Stefan Wietek
Paul G. Layer
Jean Massoulie
Cholinesterase Activities in Intact Human Pulmonary Vessels Treated with LTD4	594	(2)
Laurence Walch
Beatrice Leconte
Charles Brink
Xavier Norel
Increase of Cholinesterase Activity in Intact Human Bronchial Preparations Treated with Indomethacin	596	(2)
Xavier Norel
Laurence Walch
Beatrice Leconte
Jean-Pierre Gascard
Charles Brink
Studies on a Molecular Form (C4/5) of Human Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE)	598	(2)
R. L. R. Souza
A. C. P. Diniz
A. C. D. Silva
J. Kaiss
E. A. Chautard-Freire-Maia
Frequency of the F2 Mutation of Human Butyrylcholinesterase in a Random Population Samples from Southern Brazil	600	(1)
R. L. R. Souza
G. H. B. Maegawa
L. Furtado
C. Akel
R. M. V. Castro
E. A. Chautard-Freire-Maia
Frequencies of the Butyrylcholinesterase K Mutation in Southern Brazilian Population Samples of European and African Origin	601	(2)
R. L. R. Souza
R. M. V. Castro
L. Pereira
A. A. Freund
L. Culpi
E. A. Chautard-Freire-Maia
The Relation of Nutrition Index (Ni) with the C4/5 Molecular Form of Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) in Human Adults	603	(2)
Vania M. Alcantara
Luciane C. Rodrigues
Lisangela C. Oliveria
Eleidi A. Chautard-Freire-Maia
Participants	605	(14)
Author Index	619	(4)
Index	623