Subwavelength and Nanometer Diameter Optical Fibers

by Tong, Limin; Sumetsky, Michael

• ISBN13: 9783642033612
• ISBN10: 364203361X
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2010-03-06
• Publisher: Springer Verlag
• More Book Details
• Purchase Benefits

Summary

Subwavelength and Nanometer Diameter Optical Fibers provides a comprehensive and up-to-date coverage of research on nanoscale optical fibers including the basic physics and engineering aspects of the fabrication, properties and applications. The book discusses optical micro/nanofibers that represents a perfect fusion of optical fibers and nanotechnology on subwavelength scale and covers a broad range of topics in modern optical engineering, photonics and nanotechnology spanning from fiber optics, near-field optics, nonlinear optics, atom optics to nanofabrication and microphotonic components/devices. It is intended for researchers and graduate students in the fields of photonics, nanotechnology, optical engineering and materials science.Dr. Limin Tong is a professor at Department of Optical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation of Zhejiang University, China; Dr. Michael Sumetsky is a researcher at OFS Laboratories, USA.

Author Biography

Dr. Limin Tong is a professor at Department of Optical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation of Zhejiang University, China; Dr. Michael Sumetsky is a researcher at OFS Laboratories, USA.

Table of Contents

Introduction	p. 1
A Brief History of Micro- and Nanofibers	p. 1
Concepts of MNFs and the Scope of this Book	p. 3
References	p. 7
Optical Waveguiding Properties of MNFs: Theory and Numerical Simulations	p. 15
Basic Guiding Properties of Ideal MNFs	p. 15
Mathematic Model	p. 15
Single-mode Condition and Fundamental Modes	p. 17
Fractional Power Inside the Core and Effective Diameter	p. 22
Group Velocity and Waveguide Dispersion	p. 25
Theory of MNFs with Microscopic Nonuniformities	p. 28
Basic Equations	p. 28
Conventional and Adiabatic Perturbation Theory	p. 31
Transmission Loss Caused by a Weak and Smooth Nonuniformity	p. 32
Theory of MNF Tapers	p. 33
Semiclassical Solution of the Wave Equation in the Adiabatic Approximation and Expression of Radiation Loss	p. 34
Optics of Light Propagation Along the Adiabatic MNF Tapers	p. 35
Example of a Conical MNF Taper	p. 36
Example of a Biconical MNF Taper	p. 38
Example of an MNF Taper with Distributed Radiation Loss	p. 40
The Thinnest MNF Optical Waveguide	p. 42
Evanescent Coupling between Parallel MNFs: 3D-FDTD Simulation	p. 43
Model for FDTD Simulation	p. 44
Evanescent Coupling between two Identical Silica MNFs	p. 45
Evanescent Coupling between two Silica MNFs with Different Diameters	p. 50
Evanescent Coupling between a Silica MNF and a Tellurite MNF	p. 51
Endface Output Patterns	p. 53
MNFs with Flat Endfaces	p. 54
MNFs with Angled Endfaces	p. 57
MNFs with Spherical and Tapered Endfaces	p. 59
MNF Interferometers and Resonators	p. 60
MNF Mach-Zehnder and Sagnac Interferometers	p. 60
MNF Loop Resonators	p. 60
MNF Coil Resonators	p. 64
References	p. 69
Fabrication of MNFs	p. 73
Taper Drawing Techniques	p. 74
Taper-drawing Fabrication of Glass MNFs	p. 77
Taper Grawing MNFs Rom Glass Fibers	p. 78
Drawing MNFs Directly from Bulk Glasses	p. 89
Drawing Polymer MNFs from Solutions	p. 91
References	p. 94
Properties of MNFs: Experimental Investigations	p. 99
Micro/Nanomanipulation and Mechanical Properties of MNFs	p. 99
Visibility of MNFs	p. 100
MNF Manipulation	p. 101
Tensile Strengths of MNFs	p. 107
Optical Properties	p. 109
Optical Losses	p. 109
Effect of the Substrate	p. 119
References	p. 122
MNF-based Photonic Components and Devices	p. 125
Linear Waveguides and Waveguide Bends	p. 126
Linear Waveguides	p. 126
Waveguide Bends	p. 133
Micro-couplers, Mach-Zehnder and Sagnac Interferometers	p. 135
Micro-couplers	p. 135
Mach-Zehnder Interferometers	p. 138
Sagnac Interferometers	p. 141
MNF Loop and Coil Resonators	p. 142
MNF Loop Resonator (MLR) Fabricated by Macro-Manipulation	p. 142
Knot MLR Fabricated by Micro-Manipulation	p. 146
Experimental Demonstration of MCR	p. 147
MNF Filters	p. 151
Short-Pass Filters	p. 151
Add-Drop Filters	p. 154
MNF Lasers	p. 157
Modeling MNF Ring Lasers	p. 159
Numerical Simulation of Er3+ and Yb3+ Doped MNF Ring Lasers	p. 165
Er3+ and Yb3+ Doped MNF Ring Lasers	p. 170
Evanescent-Wave-Coupled MNF Dye Lasers	p. 174
References	p. 178
Micro/nanofiber Optical Sensors	p. 187
Introduction	p. 187
Application of a Straight MNF for Sensing	p. 189
Microfluidic Refractive Index MNF Sensor	p. 190
Hydrogen MNF Sensor	p. 190
Molecular Absorption MNF Sensor	p. 192
Humidity and Gas Polymer MNF Sensor	p. 193
Optical Fiber Surface MNF Sensor	p. 196
Atomic Fluorescence MNF Sensor	p. 196
Application of Looped and Coiled MNF for Sensing	p. 198
Ultra-Fast Direct Contact Gas Temperature Sensor	p. 200
MCR Microfluidic Sensor	p. 202
Resonant Photonic Sensors Using MNFs for Input and Output Connections	p. 202
MNF/Microsphere and MNF/Microdisk Sensor	p. 203
MNF/Microcylinder and MNF/Microcapillary Sensors	p. 208
Multiple-Cavity Sensors Supported by MNFs	p. 210
Summary	p. 212
References	p. 212
More Applications	p. 215
Optical Nonlinear Effects in MNFs	p. 215
MNFs for Atom Optics	p. 219
Other Applications	p. 222
References	p. 222
Index	p. 225
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