Why Study Computers and Digital Technologies? | p. 2 |
Technology 360[degree] | p. 2 |
What is a Computer? | p. 5 |
Digital Technology | p. 6 |
Computer Functions | p. 7 |
Types of Computers | p. 8 |
Community: Technology - Digitizing the World | p. 8 |
Mobile Digital Devices | p. 15 |
The Power of Connections | p. 17 |
Telecommunications | p. 17 |
The Internet | p. 18 |
Wireless Networking | p. 19 |
What Can Computers Do? | p. 20 |
Computing | p. 21 |
Automating | p. 22 |
Enhancing Communication | p. 23 |
Providing Entertainment | p. 25 |
Managing Information | p. 26 |
Information Systems | p. 27 |
Types of Information Systems | p. 28 |
Using Digital Technologies to Succeed in Your Career | p. 30 |
Computer-Based Professions | p. 31 |
Business and Communications | p. 32 |
Science and Mathematics | p. 33 |
Engineering | p. 33 |
Social Sciences | p. 33 |
Fine Arts | p. 34 |
Sports, Nutrition, and Exercise | p. 34 |
Government and Law | p. 35 |
Medicine and Health Care | p. 36 |
Criminology, Law Enforcement, and Security | p. 37 |
Education and Training | p. 38 |
Job: Technology - Information Systems Save Lives | p. 38 |
Using Digital Technologies to Achieve Personal Goals | p. 39 |
Personal Finance | p. 39 |
Personal Information Management | p. 40 |
Personal Research | p. 40 |
Personal Relations | p. 41 |
Personal Media Center | p. 41 |
Information Security and the Social Impact and Implications of Digital Technologies | p. 42 |
Information Security | p. 42 |
The Impact of Digital Technologies on the World | p. 44 |
Technology 360[degree]: Action Plan | p. 47 |
Summary | p. 48 |
Test Yourself | p. 50 |
Key Terms | p. 52 |
Questions | p. 52 |
Review Questions | p. 52 |
Discussion Questions | p. 53 |
Exercises | p. 53 |
Try It Yourself | p. 53 |
Virtual Classroom Activities | p. 53 |
Teamwork | p. 54 |
TechTV | p. 54 |
Go Inside Krispy Kreme | p. 54 |
Endnotes | p. 54 |
Hardware Designed to Meet the Need | p. 56 |
Technology 360[degree] | p. 56 |
The Digital Revolution | p. 58 |
Representing Characters and Values with Bytes | p. 59 |
Bits, Bytes, and People | p. 60 |
Integrated Circuits and Processing | p. 61 |
Integrated Circuits | p. 62 |
The Central Processing Unit and Random Access Memory | p. 63 |
Storage | p. 70 |
System Storage | p. 70 |
Secondary-Storage Technologies | p. 73 |
Optical Storage | p. 76 |
Flash Drives and Cards | p. 78 |
Community: Technology - Hard Drives that Deliver Power to the People | p. 78 |
Evaluating Storage Media: Access Method, Capacity, and Portability | p. 80 |
Input, Output, and Expansion | p. 81 |
Input and Output Concepts | p. 81 |
Job: Technology - iPod Goes to College | p. 82 |
Input Devices | p. 84 |
Output Devices | p. 87 |
Job: Technology - 3D Displays for Architects, Engineers, and Doctors | p. 90 |
Special-Purpose I/O Devices | p. 92 |
Expansion | p. 93 |
Selecting and Purchasing a Computer | p. 95 |
Researching a Computer Purchase | p. 96 |
Computer Vendors | p. 97 |
Home: Technology - Strategies for Computer Shopping | p. 99 |
Technology 360[degree]: Action Plan | p. 100 |
Summary | p. 101 |
Test Yourself | p. 102 |
Key Terms | p. 104 |
Questions | p. 104 |
Review Questions | p. 104 |
Discussion Questions | p. 104 |
Exercises | p. 105 |
Try It Yourself | p. 105 |
Virtual Classroom Activities | p. 106 |
Teamwork | p. 107 |
TechTV | p. 107 |
Getting Started | p. 107 |
Endnotes | p. 107 |
Software Solutions for Personal and Professional Gain | p. 110 |
Technology 360[degree] | p. 110 |
An Overview of Software | p. 112 |
System and Application Software | p. 112 |
How Software Works | p. 113 |
Programming Languages | p. 114 |
Job: Technology - Software Reduces Legal Costs | p. 115 |
Newer Programming Languages | p. 116 |
Programming Language Translators | p. 118 |
System Software | p. 120 |
Operating Systems | p. 120 |
PC Operating Systems Today | p. 128 |
Operating Systems for Servers, Networks, and Large Mainframe Computer Systems | p. 134 |
Operating Systems for Handheld Computers and Special-Purpose Devices | p. 135 |
Utility Programs | p. 135 |
Application Software | p. 139 |
Productivity Software | p. 140 |
Additional Application Software for Individuals | p. 150 |
Application Software for Groups and Organizations | p. 152 |
Application Software for Information, Decision Support, and Specialized Purposes | p. 153 |
Job: Technology - UPS Provides Shipping Management Software to Customers | p. 154 |
Software Issues and Trends | p. 155 |
Acquiring Application Software | p. 155 |
Job: Technology - Telstra Benefits from E-Training for Managers | p. 157 |
Installing New Software, Handling Bugs, and Removing Old or Unwanted Software | p. 158 |
Copyrights and Licenses | p. 161 |
Shareware, Freeware, Open-Source, and Public Domain Software | p. 162 |
Community: Technology - Open-Source or Proprietary Software? | p. 163 |
Technology 360[degree]: Action Plan | p. 165 |
Summary | p. 165 |
Test Yourself | p. 168 |
Key Terms | p. 169 |
Questions | p. 169 |
Review Questions | p. 169 |
Discussion Questions | p. 170 |
Exercises | p. 170 |
Try It Yourself | p. 170 |
Virtual Classroom Activities | p. 170 |
Teamwork | p. 170 |
TechTV | p. 171 |
Software Vending Machines | p. 171 |
Endnotes | p. 171 |
The Internet and World Wide Web | p. 174 |
Technology 360[degree] | p. 174 |
Internet Technology | p. 176 |
A Brief History of the Internet | p. 177 |
How Does the Internet Work? | p. 178 |
Home: Technology - Selecting an Internet Service Provider | p. 182 |
Community: Technology - Tracking File Swappers by IP Address | p. 185 |
Web Technology | p. 187 |
Web Basics | p. 188 |
Web Markup Languages | p. 189 |
Web-Authoring Software | p. 191 |
Programming the Web | p. 192 |
Web Browser Plug-Ins | p. 194 |
Internet and Web Applications | p. 195 |
Job: Technology - Television Marketers Turn to Web | p. 195 |
Search Engines, Subject Directories, and Portals | p. 196 |
Communication and Collaboration | p. 199 |
News | p. 208 |
Education and Training | p. 210 |
E-Commerce | p. 212 |
Travel | p. 212 |
Employment and Careers | p. 213 |
Multimedia and Entertainment | p. 214 |
Information | p. 217 |
Community: Technology - Wikipedia: The Communal Encyclopedia | p. 219 |
The Future Internet | p. 220 |
Internet2 and Beyond | p. 220 |
High-Speed Internet Applications | p. 221 |
Technology 360[degree]: Action Plan | p. 223 |
Summary | p. 223 |
Test Yourself | p. 225 |
Key Terms | p. 226 |
Questions | p. 226 |
Review Questions | p. 226 |
Discussion Questions | p. 227 |
Exercises | p. 227 |
Try It Yourself | p. 227 |
Virtual Classroom Activities | p. 228 |
Teamwork | p. 228 |
TechTV | p. 228 |
Google Map Meets Craigslist | p. 228 |
Endnotes | p. 228 |
Telecommunications, Wireless Technologies, and Computer Networks | p. 230 |
Technology 360[degree] | p. 230 |
Fundamentals of Telecommunications | p. 232 |
Telecommunications and Data Communications | p. 233 |
Characteristics of Telecommunications | p. 234 |
Networking Media, Devices, and Software | p. 236 |
Networking Media | p. 236 |
Networking Devices | p. 239 |
Industrial Telecommunications Media and Devices | p. 242 |
Networking Software | p. 244 |
Wireless Telecommunications Technologies | p. 246 |
Cell Phone Technologies | p. 246 |
Job: Technology - Dealing with Wireless on Campus | p. 249 |
Pagers | p. 253 |
Global Positioning Systems | p. 253 |
Wireless Fidelity and WiMax | p. 256 |
Bluetooth | p. 258 |
Infrared Transmission | p. 260 |
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) | p. 260 |
Networks and Distributed Computing | p. 262 |
Computer Networking Concepts | p. 262 |
Network Types | p. 264 |
Community: Technology - PAN Gets More Personal | p. 265 |
Home Networks | p. 269 |
Home: Technology - Setting up a Wireless Home Network | p. 270 |
Technology 360[degree]: Action Plan | p. 273 |
Summary | p. 274 |
Test Yourself | p. 276 |
Key Terms | p. 277 |
Questions | p. 277 |
Review Questions | p. 277 |
Discussion Questions | p. 277 |
Exercises | p. 278 |
Try It Yourself | p. 278 |
Virtual Classroom Activities | p. 278 |
Teamwork | p. 279 |
TechTV | p. 279 |
Free Wi-Fi | p. 279 |
Endnotes | p. 279 |
Digital Media for Work and Leisure | p. 282 |
Technology 360[degree] | p. 282 |
Digital Music and Audio | p. 285 |
Digitizing Music and Audio | p. 285 |
Digital Sound for Professionals | p. 286 |
Digital Music and Audio Production | p. 289 |
Digital Music and Audio Formats, Storage Media, Players, and Software | p. 294 |
Digital Music and Audio Distribution | p. 297 |
Home: Technology - Selecting a Digital Music Service | p. 299 |
Digital Graphics | p. 301 |
Digitizing Graphics | p. 301 |
Graphics File Formats | p. 302 |
Community: Technology - Independent Film Producer Robert Rodriguez | p. 303 |
Uses of Digital Graphics | p. 304 |
Vector Graphics Software | p. 308 |
Three-Dimensional Modeling Software | p. 310 |
Computer Animation | p. 312 |
Community: Technology - Google Digitizing the World | p. 312 |
Digital Photography and Video | p. 316 |
Digital Photography | p. 316 |
Digital Video | p. 321 |
Interactive Media | p. 326 |
Education and Training | p. 327 |
Commercial Applications of Interactive Media | p. 328 |
Interactive Video Games | p. 328 |
Interactive TV | p. 331 |
Technology 360[degree] Action Plan | p. 333 |
Summary | p. 333 |
Test Yourself | p. 335 |
Key Terms | p. 336 |
Questions | p. 337 |
Review Questions | p. 337 |
Discussion Questions | p. 337 |
Exercises | p. 337 |
Try It Yourself | p. 337 |
Virtual Classroom Activities | p. 338 |
Teamwork | p. 338 |
TechTV | p. 339 |
Army's Virtual World | p. 339 |
Endnotes | p. 339 |
Database Systems | p. 340 |
Technology 360[degree] | p. 340 |
Basic Data Management Concepts | p. 342 |
Data Management for Individuals and Organizations | p. 343 |
The Hierarchy of Data | p. 344 |
Data Entities, Attributes, and Keys | p. 346 |
Job: Technology-Hyundai Shoots for #1 with Executive DBMS | p. 347 |
Simple Approaches to Data Management | p. 348 |
The Database Approach to Data Management | p. 348 |
Organizing Data in a Database | p. 350 |
The Relational Database Model | p. 351 |
Object-Oriented Databases | p. 354 |
Database Characteristics | p. 355 |
Database Management Systems | p. 356 |
Overview of Database Types | p. 356 |
Database Design | p. 361 |
Job: Technology-Open-Source Database for Continental | p. 361 |
Using Databases with Other Software | p. 363 |
Data Accuracy and Integrity | p. 364 |
Creating and Modifying a Database | p. 365 |
Updating a Database | p. 367 |
Manipulating Data and Generating Reports | p. 367 |
Database Backup and Recovery | p. 369 |
Using Database Systems in Organizations | p. 369 |
Routine Processing | p. 370 |
Information and Decision Support | p. 370 |
Data Warehouses, Data Marts, and Data Mining | p. 371 |
Database Trends | p. 373 |
Distributed Databases | p. 373 |
Database Systems, the Internet, and Networks | p. 374 |
Visual, Audio, Unstructured, and Other Database Systems | p. 375 |
Job: Technology-Web-Based DBMS Empowers Cruise Line Personnel | p. 376 |
Managing Databases | p. 377 |
Database Administration | p. 377 |
Community: Technology-Government Regulations and Database Costs | p. 378 |
Database Use, Policies, and Security | p. 379 |
Technology 360[degree]: Action Plan | p. 380 |
Summary | p. 380 |
Test Yourself | p. 382 |
Key Terms | p. 384 |
Questions | p. 384 |
Review Questions | p. 384 |
Discussion Questions | p. 384 |
Exercises | p. 385 |
Try It Yourself | p. 385 |
Virtual Classroom Activities | p. 385 |
Teamwork | p. 386 |
TechTV | p. 386 |
Video: Predicting Huge Surf | p. 386 |
Endnotes | p. 386 |
E-Commerce | p. 388 |
Technology 360[degree] | p. 388 |
The Roots of E-Commerce | p. 392 |
E-Commerce History | p. 392 |
Transaction Processing | p. 393 |
The Transaction Processing Cycle | p. 394 |
Different Transaction Processing for Different Needs | p. 394 |
Overview of Electronic Commerce | p. 395 |
Types of E-Commerce | p. 395 |
E-Commerce from the Buyer's Perspective | p. 397 |
E-Commerce from the Seller's Perspective | p. 399 |
Benefits and Challenges of E-Commerce | p. 400 |
E-Commerce Applications | p. 403 |
Retail E-Commerce: Shopping Online | p. 403 |
Online Clearinghouses, Web Auctions, and Marketplaces | p. 404 |
Job: Technology-E-Commerce and Customized Products | p. 404 |
B2B Global Supply Management and Electronic Exchanges | p. 405 |
Marketing | p. 406 |
Banking, Finance, and Investment | p. 409 |
Mobile Commerce | p. 410 |
M-Commerce Technology | p. 411 |
Types of M-Commerce and Applications | p. 412 |
E-Commerce Implementation | p. 414 |
Infrastructure | p. 415 |
Hardware and Networking | p. 417 |
Software | p. 417 |
Building Traffic | p. 419 |
Job: Technology-Blogs: Benefit or Backfire? | p. 422 |
Electronic Payment Systems | p. 423 |
International Markets | p. 425 |
E-Commerce Security Issues | p. 426 |
Technology 360[degree]: Action Plan | p. 429 |
Summary | p. 429 |
Test Yourself | p. 432 |
Key Terms | p. 433 |
Questions | p. 433 |
Review Questions | p. 433 |
Discussion Questions | p. 433 |
Exercises | p. 434 |
Try It Yourself | p. 434 |
Virtual Classroom Activities | p. 434 |
Teamwork | p. 435 |
TechTV | p. 435 |
Finding the Best Deals Online | p. 435 |
Endnotes | p. 435 |
Information, Decision Support, Artificial Intelligence, and Special-Purpose Systems | p. 436 |
Technology 360[degree] | p. 436 |
Decision Making and Problem Solving | p. 438 |
Programmed Versus Nonprogrammed Decisions | p. 439 |
Optimization and Heuristic Approaches | p. 440 |
Job: Technology-A "TaylorMade" Information and Decision Support System | p. 441 |
Management Information Systems | p. 443 |
Inputs to a Management Information System | p. 443 |
Outputs of a Management Information System | p. 444 |
Decision Support Systems | p. 447 |
Job: Technology-Ancient Company Profits from Better Decisions and Reports | p. 447 |
Characteristics of a Decision Support System | p. 448 |
The Group Decision Support System | p. 451 |
Characteristics of a GDSS | p. 452 |
GDSS Software or Groupware | p. 452 |
Artificial Intelligence and Special-Purpose Systems | p. 453 |
An Overview of Artificial Intelligence | p. 453 |
Artificial Intelligence in Perspective | p. 454 |
The Difference Between Natural and Artificial Intelligence | p. 454 |
Components of Artificial Intelligence | p. 455 |
Robotics | p. 456 |
Vision Systems | p. 456 |
Natural Language Processing | p. 457 |
Learning Systems | p. 457 |
Neural Networks | p. 458 |
Fuzzy Logic | p. 458 |
Genetic Algorithms | p. 458 |
Job: Technology-Amazon Leverages Artificial Intelligence against Fraud | p. 459 |
Intelligent Agents | p. 460 |
Expert Systems | p. 460 |
Specialized Systems | p. 462 |
Community: Technology-Biologically Inspired Algorithms Fight Terrorists and Guide Businesses | p. 464 |
Action Plan | p. 467 |
Summary | p. 467 |
Test Yourself | p. 469 |
Key Terms | p. 471 |
Questions | p. 471 |
Review Questions | p. 471 |
Discussion Questions | p. 471 |
Exercises | p. 472 |
Try It Yourself | p. 472 |
Virtual Classroom Activities | p. 473 |
Teamwork | p. 473 |
TechTV | p. 473 |
Ben Casnoscha | p. 473 |
Endnotes | p. 474 |
Systems Development | p. 476 |
Technology 360[degree] | p. 476 |
An Overview of Systems Development | p. 478 |
Job: Technology-A Technology Makeover with Systems Development | p. 479 |
Participants in Systems Development | p. 481 |
Community: Technology-When Systems Development Projects Fail | p. 481 |
Why Start a Systems Development Project? | p. 482 |
Systems Development Planning | p. 484 |
End-User Systems Development | p. 485 |
Tools and Techniques for Systems Development | p. 486 |
Computer-Aided Software Engineering | p. 486 |
Flowcharts | p. 487 |
Decision Tables | p. 488 |
Project Management Tools | p. 489 |
Prototyping | p. 490 |
Outsourcing | p. 492 |
Object-Oriented Systems Development | p. 493 |
Systems Investigation | p. 494 |
Feasibility Analysis | p. 494 |
Systems Analysis | p. 495 |
General Analysis Considerations | p. 495 |
Collecting Data | p. 496 |
Data Analysis | p. 497 |
Requirements Analysis | p. 497 |
Systems Design | p. 500 |
Community: Technology-Finding Trust in Computer Systems | p. 500 |
Generating Systems Design Alternatives | p. 501 |
Evaluating and Selecting a Systems Design | p. 501 |
The Contract | p. 502 |
Systems Implementation | p. 502 |
Acquiring Hardware | p. 503 |
Selecting and Acquiring Software: Make, Buy, or Rent | p. 503 |
Job: Technology-Hudson River Park Trust Looks for Help in Systems Development | p. 505 |
Acquiring Database and Telecommunications Systems | p. 506 |
User Preparation | p. 506 |
Computer Systems Personnel: Hiring and Training | p. 506 |
Site Preparation | p. 507 |
Data Preparation | p. 507 |
Installation | p. 508 |
Testing | p. 509 |
Startup | p. 510 |
User Acceptance and Documentation | p. 511 |
Systems Maintenance and Review | p. 511 |
Reasons for Maintenance | p. 511 |
The Financial Implications of Maintenance | p. 512 |
Systems Review | p. 513 |
Technology 360[degree]: Action Plan | p. 514 |
Summary | p. 514 |
Test Yourself | p. 517 |
Key Terms | p. 518 |
Questions | p. 518 |
Review Questions | p. 518 |
Discussion Questions | p. 519 |
Exercises | p. 520 |
Try It Yourself | p. 520 |
Virtual Classroom | p. 520 |
Teamwork | p. 520 |
TechTV | p. 521 |
Project Management Using Web-Based Tools | p. 521 |
Endnotes | p. 521 |
Computer Crime and Information Security | p. 524 |
Technology 360[degree] | p. 524 |
Information Security and Vulnerability | p. 528 |
What Is at Stake? | p. 528 |
Job: Technology-Corporations Urged to Take Action Against Crime | p. 531 |
Threats to Information Security | p. 535 |
Machine-Level Security | p. 539 |
Passwords | p. 540 |
ID Devices and Biometrics | p. 542 |
Encrypting Stored Data | p. 543 |
Backing Up Data and Systems | p. 544 |
System Maintenance | p. 547 |
Network Security | p. 548 |
Multiuser System Considerations | p. 549 |
Interior Threats | p. 551 |
Security and Usage Policies | p. 552 |
Wireless Network Security | p. 553 |
Threats to Wireless Networks | p. 553 |
Securing a Wireless Network | p. 554 |
Internet Security | p. 556 |
Hackers on the Internet | p. 557 |
Viruses and Worms | p. 561 |
Spyware, Adware, and Zombies | p. 565 |
Scams, Spam, Fraud, and Hoaxes | p. 566 |
Home: Technology-A PC Security Checklist | p. 570 |
Technology 360[degree] Action Plan | p. 571 |
Summary | p. 571 |
Test Yourself | p. 574 |
Key Terms | p. 575 |
Questions | p. 575 |
Review Questions | p. 575 |
Discussion Questions | p. 576 |
Exercises | p. 576 |
Try It Yourself | p. 576 |
Virtual Classroom Activities | p. 576 |
Teamwork | p. 577 |
TechTV | p. 577 |
Understanding Identity, Spoofing, and Internet Attacks | p. 577 |
Endnotes | p. 577 |
Digital Society, Ethics, and Globalization | p. 580 |
Technology 360[degree] | p. 580 |
Living Online | p. 583 |
Computers and Community | p. 584 |
Health Issues: Keeping a Balance | p. 585 |
Freedom of Speech | p. 588 |
Challenging the Establishment and Traditional Institutions | p. 589 |
Laws and Censorship | p. 590 |
Privacy Issues | p. 593 |
Job: Technology-Can Businesses Sue or Fire Employees over Blogging? | p. 593 |
Personal Information Privacy | p. 594 |
Privacy and Government | p. 595 |
Surveillance Technologies | p. 597 |
Ethics and Social Responsibility | p. 602 |
Personal Ethical Considerations | p. 602 |
Professional Ethical Considerations | p. 603 |
Governmental Ethical Considerations | p. 604 |
Globalization | p. 608 |
Outsourcing | p. 609 |
Offshoring | p. 610 |
Business Challenges in Globalization | p. 611 |
Community: Technology-Outsourcing U.S. Education | p. 611 |
Conclusion | p. 613 |
Technology 360[degree]: Action Plan | p. 615 |
Summary | p. 615 |
Test Yourself | p. 618 |
Key Terms | p. 619 |
Questions | p. 619 |
Review Questions | p. 619 |
Discussion Questions | p. 619 |
Exercises | p. 620 |
Try It Yourself | p. 620 |
Virtual Classroom Activities | p. 620 |
Teamwork | p. 620 |
TechTV | p. 621 |
Gmail Privacy | p. 621 |
Endnotes | p. 621 |
Glossary | p. 624 |
Subject Index | p. 648 |
Career Index | p. 666 |
Photo Credits | p. 668 |
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