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9780312667740

Successful College Writing with 2009 MLA and 2010 APA Updates

by
  • ISBN13:

    9780312667740

  • ISBN10:

    0312667744

  • Edition: 4th
  • Format: Paperback
  • Copyright: 2010-05-19
  • Publisher: Bedford/St. Martin's
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Summary

Click here to find out more about the 2009 MLA Updates and the 2010 APA Updates . Reading specialist Kathleen McWhorter understands that students are often lacking in the skills they need to succeed in the first-year writing course and need a text that doesn't assume they have mastered all the basics.Successful College Writingmeets students where they are, offering extensive instruction in careful and critical reading, practical advice on study and college survival skills, step-by-step strategies for writing and research, detailed coverage of the nine rhetorical patterns of development, and 64 professional and student readings that provide strong rhetorical models, as well as an easy-to-use handbook in the complete edition.McWhorter's unique visual approach to learning uses graphic organizers, revision flowcharts, and other visual tools to help students analyze texts and write their own essays. Her unique attention to varieties of learning styles also helps empower students, allowing them to identify their strengths and learning preferences.

Author Biography

Kathleen T. McWhorter is professor emerita of humanities and former director of the Learning Skills Center at Niagara County Community College. She has also been on the faculty of the State University College at Buffalo. She is the author of a number of books on reading and writing skills for developmental students, including The Writer’s Selections, Fifth Edition (2008), Academic Reading, Sixth Edition (2007), Efficient and Flexible Reading, Eighth Edition (2008), Active Reading Skills, Second Edition (2008), and Reading Across the Disciplines: College Reading And Beyond, Third Edition (2007), as well as a  composition reader, Seeing the Pattern: Readings for Successful Writing (Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2006).

Table of Contents

    Preface  
    Thematic Contents 
    To the Student 
PART ONE: ACADEMIC QUICK START  
1. Succeeding in College
        Chapter Quick Start
    STRATEGIES FOR SUCCESS
        Focus on Success
        Manage Your Time
        Organize a Writing and Study Area
        Study Smarter
        Manage Stress
    CLASSROOM SKILLS
        Polish Your Academic Image
        Demonstrate Academic Integrity
        Communicate with Your Instructor
        Listen Carefully and Critically
        Ask and Answer Questions
        Work with Classmates
        Take Effective Notes in Class
 
2. Writing in College
        Chapter Quick Start
    ACADEMIC WRITING: WHAT TO EXPECT
        Expect Your Writing to Move from More Personal to Less Personal
        Expect Your Writing to Take Different Forms
        Expect to Use the Language of the Discipline
        Expect to Use Standard American English
        Expect to Use and Document Scholarly Sources
        Expect to Collaborate with Classmates
   WHY STRIVE TO IMPROVE YOUR WRITING SKILLS?
        Writing Skills Help in College and in Your Career
        Writing Facilitates Learning and Recall
        Writing Clarifies Your Thinking
        Writing Helps You Solve Problems
    DEVELOPING STRATEGIES FOR WRITING
        Start with a Positive Attitude
        Use your Course Syllabus
        Use the Right Learning Tools
        Use the College Writing Center
        Keep a Writing Journal
        Get the Most out of Writing Conferences
        Assessing Your Learning Style
        What Is Your Learning Style?
    LEARNING STYLE INVENTORY
        Interpreting Your Scores
        A Word About Your Findings
        How to Use Your Findings
    APPLYING YOUR LEARNING STYLE TO YOUR WRITING
 
3. Reading and Writing about Text  
        Chapter Quick Start  
    READING IN COLLEGE
    Changing Some Misconceptions about Reading  
    A Guide to Active Reading 
        Preview before Reading  
        Read with a Purpose  
        Reading: Purse Snatching, Donna Lopiano  
        Review after Reading 
    Understanding Difficult Text and Visuals  
        Draw a Graphic Organizer  
        Read Visuals  
    Responding to Text  
    A Guide to Responding to text 
        Summarize to Check Your Understanding  
        Link the Reading to Your Own Experiences  
        Analyze the Reading  
    Using Your Learning Style  
    HOW TO APPROACH THE STUDENT ESSAYS IN THIS BOOK  
        How to Focus on Writing Features  
    STUDENTS WRITE  
        Reading: The Games We Play: Inequality in the Pro-Sports Workplace, Tracey Aquino (student essay) 
 
PART TWO: STRATEGIES FOR WRITING ESSAYS
4. Prewriting: How to Find and Focus Ideas 
        Chapter Quick Start  
    Choosing and Narrowing a Topic  
        Choosing a Topic  
        Narrowing a Topic  
    Thinking about Your Purpose, Audience, and Point of View  
        Determining Your Purpose  
        Considering Your Audience 
        Choosing a Point of View  
    Discovering Ideas to Write About  
        Freewriting  
        Mapping  
        Brainstorming  
        Group Brainstorming  
        Questioning  
        Writing Assertions 
        Interviewing  
        Using the Patterns of Development  
        Visualizing or Sketching 
        Researching Your Topic 
    STUDENTS WRITE 
        Christine Lee’s Prewriting Strategies  
 
5. Developing and Supporting a Thesis  
        Chapter Quick Start  
    What Is a Thesis Statement?  
    Developing Your Thesis Statement 
        Coming Up with a Working Thesis Statement  
        Writing an Effective Thesis Statement  
        Placing the Thesis Statement  
        Using an Implied Thesis 
    Supporting Your Thesis Statement with Evidence 
        Choosing Types of Evidence 
        Collecting Evidence to Support Your Thesis 
        Choosing the Best Evidence  
        Using Sources to Support Your Thesis  
    STUDENTS WRITE  
        Christine Lee’s Working Thesis  
    Working With Text  
        Reading: Pet Therapy for Heart and Soul, Kerry Pechter  
 
6. Drafting An Essay  
        Chapter Quick Start  
    The Structure of an Essay  
    Organizing Your Supporting Details 
        Selecting a Method of Organization 
        Preparing an Outline or Graphic Organizer  
        Connecting Your Supporting Details with Transitions and Repetition  
    Writing Your Introduction, Conclusion, and Title 
        Writing a Strong Introduction 
        Writing an Effective Conclusion  
        Writing a Good Title  
    Drafting with a Computer  
    STUDENTS WRITE  
        Reading: The Reality of Real TV, Christine Lee (student essay)  
    Working with Text  
        Reading: Black Men and Public Space, Brent Staples 
 
7. Writing Effective Paragraphs
        Chapter Quick Start
    THE STRUCTURE OF A PARAGRAPH
    WRITING A TOPIC SENTENCE
        A Topic Sentence Should Be Focused
        A Topic Sentence May Preview the Organization of the Paragraph
        A Topic Sentence Should Support Your Thesis
        A Topic Sentence Should be Strategically Placed
    INCLUDING SUPPORTING DETAILS
        Effective Paragraphs Have Unity
        Effective Paragraphs Are Well Developed
        Effective Paragraphs Provide Specific Supporting Details
        Details are Arranged Logically
    USING TRANSITIONS AND REPETITION
        Coherent Paragraphs Include Transitional Expressions
        Coherent Paragraphs Include Repetition of Key Words
    DICTION IN ACADEMIC WRITING
    STUDENTS WRITE  
        Reading: The Reality of Real TV, Christine Lee (student essay): Paragraph Excerpt
    WORKING WITH TEXT
 
8. Revising Content and Organization  
        Chapter Quick Start  
    Why Revise?
    Useful Techniques for Revision 
        Using a Graphic Organizer for Revision  
    Key Questions for Revision 
        Analyzing Your Purpose and Audience 
        Analyzing Your Thesis, Topic Sentences, and Evidence  
        Analyzing Your Organization 
        Analyzing Your Paragraph Development 
    Working with Classmates to Revise Your Essay  
        How to Find a Good Reviewer  
        Suggestions for the Writer 
        Suggestions for the Reviewer  
    USING YOUR INSTRUCTOR’S COMMENTS  
        Revising an Essay Using Your Instructor’s Comments  
        Using Your Instructor’s Comments to Improve Future Essays  
    Considering Your Learning Style  
    STUDENTS WRITE 
        Reading: A Trend Taken Too Far: The Reality of Real TV, Christine Lee (student essay)  
 
9. Editing Sentences and Words 
        Chapter Quick Start  
    Analyzing Your Sentences  
        Are Your Sentences Concise?  
        Are Your Sentences Varied?  
        Are Your Sentences Parallel in Structure? 
        Do Your Sentences Have Strong, Active Verbs?  
    Analyzing Your Word Choice  
        Are Your Tone and Level of Diction Appropriate? 
        Do You Use Words with Appropriate Connotations?  
        Do You Use Concrete Language?  
        Do You Use Fresh, Appropriate Figures of Speech? 
        Evaluating Your Word Choice  
    Suggestions for ProofReading  
        Keeping an Error Log  
    STUDENTS WRITE  
        Excerpt from Christine Lee’s Edited Second Draft  
 
PART THREE: PATTERNS OF DEVELOPMENT
 
10. Narration: Recounting Events  
        Chapter Quick Start  
    Writing a Narrative  
    What Is Narration?  
        Reading: Right Place, Wrong Face, Alton Fitzgerald White 
        Characteristics of a Narrative  
        Visualizing a Narrative: A Graphic Organizer
        Reading: Selling Civility, Peter Scott  
    Integrating a Narrative into an Essay  
    A GUIDED WRITING ASSIGNMENT  
        The Assignment 
        Generating Ideas  
        Evaluating Your Ideas 
        Developing Your Thesis 
        Organizing and Drafting  
        Analyzing and Revising  
        Editing and Proofreading  
    STUDENTS WRITE  
        Reading: You Can Count on Miracles, Aphonetip Vasavong (student essay)  
    Reading a Narrative  
    Working with Text: Reading Narratives 
    Thinking Critically about Narration  
        Reading: Selling in Minnesota, Barbara Ehrenreich 
        Reading: Another Mother’s Child: A Letter to a Murdered Son, Norma Molen (patterns combined)  
    Applying Your Skills: Additional Essay Assignments 
 
11. Description: Portraying People, Places, and Things  
        Chapter Quick Start  
    Writing a Description  
    What Is Description?  
        Reading: Eating Chili Peppers, Jeremy MacClancy  
    Characteristics of Descriptive Writing  
    Visualizing a Description: A Graphic Organizer  
        Reading: Inferior Decorating, Amy Tan  
    Integrating Description into an Essay  
    A GUIDED WRITING ASSIGNMENT  
        The Assignment  
        Generating Ideas and Details  
        Evaluating Your Details  
        Creating a Dominant Impression  
        Organizing and Drafting 
        Analyzing and Revising 
        Editing and Proofreading  
    STUDENTS WRITE  
        *Reading: Heatstroke with a Side of Burn Cream, Ted Sawchuck (student essay)  
    Reading a Description  
    Working with Text: Reading Descriptive Essays  
    Thinking Critically about Description  
        *Reading: Shipwreck, Cat Bohannon
        *Reading: Bloggers Without Borders…, Riverbend (patterns combined)
    Applying Your Skills: Additional Essay Assignments  
 
12. Illustration: Explaining With Examples  
        Chapter Quick Start  
    Writing an Illustration Essay  
    What Is Illustration?  
        Reading: Rambos of the Road, Martin Gottfried  
        Characteristics of Illustration Essays  
        Visualizing an Illustration Essay: A Graphic Organizer  
        *Reading: Geeks in the Clubhouse, Tim Gideon and Jeff Pearlman
    Integrating Illustration into an Essay  
    A GUIDED WRITING ASSIGNMENT 
        The Assignment  
        Generating Ideas  
        Developing Your Thesis 
        Choosing and Evaluating Your Examples 
        Organizing and Drafting  
        Analyzing and Revising  
        Editing and Proofreading 
    STUDENTS WRITE  
        *Reading: Conforming to Stand Out: A Look at American Beauty, Nick Ruggia (student essay)  
        Reading an Illustration Essay  
    WORKING WITH TEXT: READING ILLUSTRATION ESSAYS  
        Thinking Critically about Illustration  
        Reading: Goin’ Gangsta, Choosin’ Cholita: Claiming Identity,Nell Bernstein  
        Reading: Words That Wound, Kathleen Vail (patterns combined) 
    Applying Your Skills: Additional Essay Assignments  
 
13. Process Analysis: Explaining How Something Works or Is Done  
        Chapter Quick Start  
    Writing a Process Analysis 
    What Is Process Analysis?  
        *Reading: How to Use Online Dating Sites, Ed Grabianowski
        *Reading: How Internet Search Engines Work, Curt Franklin
    Characteristics of Process Analysis Essays 
        Visualizing a Process Analysis Essay: A Graphic Organizer  
    Integrating Process Analysis into an Essay  
    A GUIDED WRITING ASSIGNMENT  
        The Assignment  
        Selecting a Process  
        Developing Your Thesis  
        Listing the Steps and Gathering Details  
        Evaluating Your Ideas and Thesis  
        Organizing and Drafting  
        Analyzing and Revising  
        Editing and Proofreading  
    STUDENTS WRITE  
        *Reading: Feed Your Friends . . . and Their Friends . . . and Their Friends: Chili for Fifty, Eric Michalski (student essay) 
    Reading a Process Analysis  
    Working with Text: Reading Process Analysis Essays  
    Thinking Critically about Process Analysis  
        Reading: Remote Control: How to Raise a Media Skeptic, Susan Douglas 
        *Reading: Panacea, Dorothy Allison (patterns combined) 
    Applying Your Skills: Additional Essay Assignments 
 
14. Comparison and Contrast: Showing Similarities and Differences  
        Chapter Quick Start  
    Writing a Comparison or Contrast Essay  
    What Are Comparison and Contrast?  
        *Reading: Amusing Ourselves to Death: Is The Onion Our Most Intelligent Newspaper?, Greg Beato
        Reading: Dearly Disconnected, Ian Frazier
    Characteristics of Comparison or Contrast Essays  
        Visualizing a Comparison or Contrast Essay: Two Graphic Organizers  
        Reading: Who’s Eating What, and Why, in the United States and Europe? Thomas Kinnear, Kenneth Bernhardt, and Kathleen Krentler 
    Integrating Comparison and Contrast into an Essay  
    A GUIDED WRITING ASSIGNMENT 
        The Assignment 
        Generating Ideas  
        Developing Your Thesis  
        Evaluating Your Ideas and Thesis  
        Organizing and Drafting 
        Analyzing and Revising  
        Editing and Proofreading  
    STUDENTS WRITE  
        Reading: Border Bites, Heather Gianakos (student essay)  
    Reading Comparison and Contrast  
    Working with Text: Reading Comparison or Contrast Essays 
    Thinking Critically about Comparison and Contrast  
        Reading: His Marriage and Hers: Childhood Roots, Daniel Goleman  
        Reading: Defining a Doctor, with a Tear, a Shrug, and a Schedule, Abigail Zuger (patterns combined)   
    Applying Your Skills: Additional Essay Assignments  
 
15. Classification and Division: Explaining Categories and Parts 
        Chapter Quick Start  
    Writing a Classification or Division Essay 
    What Are Classification and Division?  
        *Reading: My Life on the McJob: Fast Food Managers, Jerry Newman
        Characteristics of Classification and Division Essays  
        Visualizing a Classification or Division Essay: A Graphic Organizer  
        Reading: A Brush with Reality: Surprises in the Tube, David Bodanis  
    Integrating Classification or Division into an Essay  
    A GUIDED WRITING ASSIGNMENT  
        The Assignment  
        Generating Ideas 
        Developing Your Thesis  
        Evaluating Your Ideas and Thesis  
        Organizing and Drafting  
        Analyzing and Revising  
        Editing and Proofreading 
    STUDENTS WRITE  
        *Reading: Immigration: Legal and Illegal, Sunny Desai (student essay)  
    Reading a Classification or Division Essay  
    Working with Text: Reading Classification or Division  
    Thinking Critically about Classification and Division  
        Reading: Territoriality, Joseph A. DeVito  
        *Reading: The Dog Ate My Disk, and Other Tales of Woe, Carolyn Foster Segal (patterns combined)
    Applying Your Skills: Additional Essay Assignments  
 
16. Definition: Explaining What You Mean  
       Chapter Quick Start  
    Writing a Definition 
    What Is a Definition?  
        *Reading: Freegans at Work, Sarah Dowdey
        Characteristics of Extended Definitions 
        Visualizing an Extended Definition Essay: A Graphic Organizer 
        *Reading: Latin Lingo, Ilan Stavans
    Integrating Definitions into an Essay  
    A GUIDED WRITING ASSIGNMENT  
        The Assignment  
        Generating Ideas  
        Developing Your Thesis  
        Evaluating Your Ideas and Thesis 
        Organizing and Drafting 
        Analyzing and Revising  
        Editing and Proofreading  
    STUDENTS WRITE  
        Reading: Leveling the Playing Field: The NFL Salary Cap, David Harris (student essay)  
    Reading Definitions 
    Working with Text: Reading Definitions  
    Thinking Critically about Definition  
        Reading: Dude, Do You Know What You Just Said? Mike Crissey  
        *Reading: The Animal Kingdom Storms Reality TV and the Documentary Industry, Alicia Rebensdorf (patterns combined)  
    Applying Your Skills: Additional Essay Assignments  
 
17. Cause and Effect: Using Reasons and Results to Explain  
        Chapter Quick Start  
    Writing a Cause-and-Effect Essay  
    What Are Causes and Effects?  
        *Reading: Can Diet Help Stop Depression and Violence?, Jurriaan Kamp
    Characteristics of Cause-and-Effect Essays  
        Visualizing Cause-and-Effect Essays: Three Graphic Organizers  
        *Reading: Sprawl Is Harmful to Wildlife, Jutka Terris
    Integrating Cause and Effect into an Essay  
    A GUIDED WRITING ASSIGNMENT  
        The Assignment  
        Generating Ideas  
        Gathering Evidence  
        Developing Your Thesis  
        Evaluating Your Ideas and Thesis  
        Organizing and Drafting  
        Analyzing and Revising  
        Editing and Proofreading  
    STUDENTS WRITE  
        Reading: An Early Start, Harley Tong (student essay)  
    Reading Cause-and-Effect Essays  
    Working with Text: Reading Causal analyses  
    Thinking Critically about Cause and Effect  
        Reading: Part-Time Employment Undermines Students’ Commitment to School, Laurence Steinberg  
        Reading: Hitting the "Granite Wall," Gary M. Stern (patterns combined)  
    Applying Your Skills: Additional Essay Assignments  
 
PART FOUR: READING AND WRITING ARGUMENTS  
 
18. Reading Arguments  
        Chapter Quick Start  
    THE BASIC PARTS OF AN ARGUMENT
        Reading: When Volunteerism Isn’t Noble, Lynn Steirer  
        The Issue  
        The Claim  
        The Support  
        The Refutation  
    GENERAL STRATEGIES FOR READING ARGUMENTS 
        Before You Read  
        Reading: Economic Affirmative Action, Ted Koerth  
        While You Read  
        Strategies for Following the Structure of an Argument  
        Using a Graphic Organizer  
        Writing a Summary  
        Strategies for Analyzing and Evaluating an Argument  
        Analyzing the Elements of and Reasoning in an Argument  
    THINKING CRITICALLY ABOUT ARGUMENT  
    APPLYING YOUR SKILLS: ADDITIONAL READINGS
        Reading: How Much Is That Kidney in the Window? Bruce Gottlieb  
        Reading: "Strip-Mining" the Dead: When Human Organs Are for Sale, Gilbert Meilaender  
    INTEGRATING THE READINGS
 
19. Writing Arguments  
        Chapter Quick Start  
    WRITING AN ARGUMENT
        What Is an Argument?  
        Reading: Abolish the Penny, William Safire  
        Characteristics of Argument Essays  
        Visualizing an Argument Essay: A Graphic Organizer  
        Reading: Not White, Just Right, Rachel Jones  
    A GUIDED WRITING ASSIGNMENT  
        The Assignment  
        Generating Ideas and Writing Your Thesis  
        Developing Your Thesis and Making a Claim  
        Evaluating Your Ideas, Evidence, and Claim  
        Considering Opposing Viewpoints  
        Organizing and Drafting  
        Analyzing and Revising  
        Editing and Proofreading  
    STUDENTS WRITE  
        Reading: AIDS and You: A World Crisis and Its Local Effects, Stanford DeWinter (student essay)  
    READING AN ARGUMENT
    WORKING WITH TEXT: RESPONDING TO ARGUMENTS
        Reading: Would You Buy a Car That Looked Like This? Andrew Simms  
        Reading: Why Consumers Have Been Choosing SUVs, John Merline  
    INTEGRATING THE READINGS
    APPLYING YOUR SKILLS: ADDITIONAL ESSAY ASSIGNMENTS  
 
PART FIVE: WRITING WITH SOURCES
 
20. Planning a Paper with Sources
        Chapter Quick Start  
    WHEN SHOULD YOU USE SOURCES?
        Using Sources to Add Detail to an Essay  
        Using Sources to Write a Research Paper  
    PLANNING YOUR PAPER  
        Defining the Assignment  
        Choosing an Interesting and Workable Topic  
        Narrowing and Discovering Ideas about Your Topic  
        Writing a Working Thesis and Listing Research Questions  
    CHOOSING AND EVALUATING USEFUL SOURCES  
        Choosing between Print and Electronic Sources  
        Choosing Relevant Sources  
        Choosing Reliable Sources  
        Evaluating Internet Sources  
    ANALYZING AND THINKING CRITICALLY ABOUT SOURCES  
        Separating Facts from Opinions  
        Identifying Bias or Viewpoint  
        Recognizing Generalizations  
        Identifying Assumptions  
    WORKING WITH TEXT: READING SOURCES  
        Scanning a Source  
        Skimming a Source  
        Reading a Source Closely  
        Improving Your Reading of Electronic Sources  
 
21. Finding Sources and Taking Notes
        Chapter Quick Start  
    AN OVERVIEW OF LIBRARY SOURCES
        Learning Your Way around the Library  
        Locating Useful Library Sources  
    RESEARCH AND THE INTERNET
        The World Wide Web  
        Listservs and Newsgroups  
        Email Addresses  
    EXTRACTING INFORMATION FROM SOURCES
        Gathering Necessary Citation Information  
        Constructing an Annotated Bibliography  
    SYSTEMS OF NOTE-TAKING
        Writing Summary Notes  
        Writing Paraphrases  
        Recording Quotations  
    AVOIDING PLAGIARISM
        What Counts as Plagiarism  
        Cyberplagiarism  
    CONDUCTING FIELD RESEARCH
        Interviewing  
        Using a Survey  
        Conducting Observations  
    FINDING SOURCES FOR YOUR OWN TOPIC  
 
22. Writing a Paper Using Sources
        Chapter Quick Start  
    ORGANIZING AND WRITING YOUR FIRST DRAFT  
        Evaluating Your Research and Synthesizing Information  
        Planning Your Organization  
        Drafting Your Research Paper  
    INTEGRATING INFORMATION FROM SOURCES  
        Deciding What to Document  
        Writing In-Text Citations  
        Using Quotations Appropriately  
    REVISING YOUR RESEARCH PAPER
        Analyzing and Revising Your Paper as a Whole  
        Analyzing and Revising Paragraphs and Sentences  
    PREPARING YOUR FINAL DRAFT
        Formatting Your Paper  
        Editing and ProofReading Your Paper  
    Documenting your Sources: MLA Style  
        MLA Style for In-Text Citations  
        MLA Style for the List of Works Cited  
    Documenting your Sources: APA Style  
        APA Style for In-Text Citations  
        APA Style for the List of References  
    STUDENTS WRITE  
        Reading: Do Animals Have Emotions? Nicholas Destino (student essay)  
 
PART SIX: ACADEMIC APPLICATIONS
 
23. Reading and Writing about Literature  
        Chapter Quick Start  
        Reading: The Bean Eaters, Gwendolyn Brooks  
    A GENERAL APPROACH TO READING LITERATURE
    THE LANGUAGE OF LITERATURE
        Similes, Metaphors, and Personification  
        Symbols  
        Irony  
    ANALYZING SHORT STORIES
        Reading: The Secret Lion, Alberto Ríos  
        Setting  
        Characters  
        Point of View  
        Plot  
        Theme  
        Reading: The Story of an Hour, Kate Chopin  
ANALYZING POETRY
        Reading: Two Look at Two, Robert Frost  
        Reading: Filling Station, Elizabeth Bishop  
    WHAT IS LITERARY ANALYSIS?
        Characteristics of Literary Analysis  
    A GUIDED WRITING ASSIGNMENT  
        The Assignment  
        Generating Ideas  
        Evaluating Your Ideas  
        Developing Your Thesis  
        Organizing and Drafting  
        Analyzing and Revising  
        Editing and Proofreading  
    STUDENTS WRITE  
        Reading: The Keeping of "The Secret Lion," Andrew Decker (student essay)
 
24. Essay Examinations, Portfolios, and Oral Presentations 
        Chapter Quick Start  
    ESSAY EXAMINATIONS  
    PREPARING FOR ESSAY EXAMS  
        Write Study Sheets That Synthesize Information  
        Predict Essay Exam Questions  
        Draft Answers in Outline Form  
        Reduce Informal Outlines to Key-Word Outlines  
    TAKING ESSAY EXAMS
        Some General Guidelines  
        Analyzing Essay Exam Questions  
        Writing Essay Answers  
    STUDENTS WRITE  
        Essay Exam Response  
        Thinking Critically about Essay Exams  
    PORTFOLIOS  
    CREATING A WRITING PORTFOLIO  
        Purposes of a Writing Portfolio  
        Deciding What to Include  
        Using Your Course Syllabus as a Guide  
        Organizing Your Portfolio  
        Choosing Pieces to Include  
        Writing the Introductory Letter or Essay  
    STUDENTS WRITE  
        The Portfolio Assignment  
        Sample Reflective Essay  
    GIVING ORAL PRESENTATIONS  
        Planning Your Presentation  
        Organizing and Drafting Your Presentation  
        Rehearsing Your Presentation  
        Overcoming Apprehension  
        Delivering an Effective Presentation  
 
    INDEX  
 
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