Supporting Struggling Readers

by Walker, Barbara J.

• ISBN13: 9780887510861
• ISBN10: 0887510868
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2003-11-01
• Publisher: Utp Distribution

Summary

Barbara Walker believes that struggling readers, like their more proficient counterparts, are active learners in search of meaning. In this revised and expanded edition of Supporting Struggling Readers, she suggests that teachers can build on these children's strengths -- the things they can already do -- to help them broaden the strategies they use to make sense of text. The book examines the phases of literacy and expands on the instructional strategies and assessment techniques that support children's reading development during each phase. To draw together the practical teaching techniques that made the original edition of Supporting Struggling Readers so popular, Dr Walker has added a chapter that explains how to incorporate these techniques into a framework of effective instruction that supports struggling readers as they progress through the developmental phases of literacy.

Author Biography

Dr. BARBARA J. WALKER is a professor of reading at Oklahoma State University, where she teaches courses in literacy and coordinates the reading program. She has written and spoken extensively about struggling readers and, in 1997, received the College Reading Association's A.B. Herr Award for outstanding contributions to reading education. Barbara has served on the board of directors of the International Reading Association, the College Reading Association and the Montana State Reading Council. Before teaching at the college level, she was a reading specialist in elementary schools, taught reading improvement at a junior college, and coordinated the instructional program at a home for physically challenged children in Cochabamba, Bolivia. Barbara conducts numerous workshops on teaching and assessing individual differences in literacy development, and is a frequent and welcome speaker at reading conferences everywhere. Her work in reading tutoring at both

Table of Contents

Introduction	7	(2)
Active Literacy	9	(6)
Predicting	10	(1)
Checking Predictions	11	(1)
Elaborating on Strategies and Understanding	12	(1)
Situating Literacy	12	(1)
The Reading Process	13	(1)
Summary	14	(1)
Reasons for Reading Difficulty	15	(10)
Difficulty Linking Sources of Information	16	(2)
Difficulty Elaborating Content and Strategy Knowledge	18	(2)
Difficulty Monitoring Meaning	20	(1)
Difficulty Interpreting the Situational Context	21	(2)
Summary	23	(2)
Guidelines for Instruction	25	(10)
Focus on What Children Can Do	25	(1)
Focus on Making Sense	26	(1)
Use Familiar Topics	27	(1)
Ask Children What They Already Know	27	(1)
Discuss Stories with Peers	28	(1)
Revisit Text	28	(1)
Coach Literate Behaviors	29	(1)
Give Children Choice	30	(1)
Ask Children What They Learned	31	(2)
Support Children's Membership in the Literacy Community	33	(1)
Summary	33	(2)
Literacy Development - A Continuing Process	35	(7)
Emergent Literacy	36	(1)
Grounded Literacy	37	(1)
Expanding Literacy	38	(1)
Strategic Literacy	39	(1)
Reflective Literacy	40	(1)
Summary	40	(2)
Emergent Literacy	42	(8)
Difficulties	42	(1)
Instructional Strategies	43	(6)
Summary	49	(1)
Grounded Literacy	50	(10)
Difficulties	50	(1)
Instructional Strategies	51	(8)
Summary	59	(1)
Expanding Literacy	60	(9)
Difficulties	60	(1)
Instructional Strategies	61	(7)
Summary	68	(1)
Strategic Literacy	69	(8)
Difficulties	69	(1)
Instructional Strategies	70	(6)
Summary	76	(1)
Reflective Literacy	77	(6)
Difficulties	77	(1)
Instructional Strategies	78	(4)
Summary	82	(1)
An Instructional Framework	83	(11)
Stage 1-Easy Reading	84	(1)
Stage 2-Guided Reading	85	(4)
Stage 3-Strategy Lessons	89	(2)
Stage 4-Writing Activities	91	(2)
Summary	93	(1)
Assessing Literacy	94	(16)
Rethinking Assessment	94	(2)
Emergent Literacy	96	(2)
Grounded Literacy	98	(3)
Expanding Literacy	101	(2)
Strategic Literacy	103	(3)
Reflective Literacy	106	(1)
Attitudes and Motivation	107	(1)
Summary	108	(2)
Working Together	110	(5)
Parents as Partners	110	(2)
Volunteers as Reading Tutors	112	(1)
Staff Review Process	112	(1)
Congruence Model	113	(1)
Collaborative Education Model	113	(1)
Summary	114	(1)
A Final Look	115	(4)
Bibliography	119