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Surgeon David Jacobsen states that health maintenance organizations (HMOs) offer quality care and that high-quality medical care at an affordable price is not only possible under managed care; it is a reality. Pediatrician and author Ronald J. Glasser argues that managed care companies care more for profits than for people.
Hastings Center director Daniel Callahan contends that medical care for elderly people who have lived their natural life expectancy should consist only of pain relief rather than expensive health care services that serve only to forestall death. Patricia Lanoie Blanchette, a physician and a professor of medicine and public health, argues that health care should not be rationed by age and that age bias should be recognized and confronted.
Physician Andrew C. Yacht argues that doctors-in-training, like other workers, should have the right to organize and to bargain collectively for better working conditions in hospitals so that they can provide enhanced care for their patients. Physician and medical educator Jordan J. Cohen asserts that doctors-in-training are primarily students, not employees, and that union activities would negatively affect the educational experience.
Insurance and policy analysts William S. Custer, Charles N. Kahn III, and Thomas F. Wildsmith IV assert that the employment-based health care system in the United States offers a solid, proven foundation on which to base any reform, and that attempts to break the link between employment and health insurance coverage may greatly increase the number of uninsured Americans. Economist Uwe E. Reinhardt argues that, on balance, the debits of the employer-based health insurance system outweigh the credits, and that a parallel system detached from the workplace could eventually absorb the current system.
Marcia Angell, executive editor of The New England Journal of Medicine, asserts that physician-assisted suicide should be permitted under some circumstances and that not all of the pain of the dying can be controlled. Physician Kathleen M. Foley argues that doctors do not know enough about their patients, themselves, or suffering to provide assistance with dying as a medical treatment for the relief of suffering.
Attorney John A. Robertson contends there are many benefits to cloning and that a ban on privately funded cloning research is unjustified. Attorney and medical ethicist George J. Annas argues that cloning devalues people by depriving them of their uniqueness.
Bioethicist Glenn McGee argues that disease gene patents are not patents on products of nature but on scientific innovations. He asserts that correctly framed and issued disease-related gene patents will not preclude access to genetic material for educational and scientific uses. Bioethicists Jon F. Merz and Mildred K. Cho counter that disease genes are not patentable because they are indeed products of nature that exist independent of the ingenuity, innovation, and manufacture of humans.
Philosopher J. Radcliff-Richards and colleagues of the International Forum for Transplant Ethics contend that bans on selling organs remove the only hope of the destitute and the dying. Arguments against selling organs are weak attempts to justify the repugnance felt by people who are rich or healthy. Historian David J. Rothman asserts that trafficking in organs for transplantation is motivated by greed and subverts the ethical principles of the medical profession.
The editors of the Harvard Health Letter maintain that there is evidence that individuals who are chronically stressed possess an increased risk of cancer and heart disease. Writer Christopher Caldwell argues that no one, including doctors, can come to an agreement on what stress is, so stress can not be blamed as the cause of disease.
Herbert Benson, an associate professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School, and journalist Marg Stark contend that faith and spirituality will enhance and prolong life. William B. Lindley, associate editor of Truth Seeker, counters that there is no scientific way to determine that spirituality can heal.
Health and medical reporters Leslie Laurence and Beth Weinhouse assert that women have been excluded from most research on new drugs and medical treatments. Physician Andrew G. Kadar argues that women actually receive more medical care and benefit more from medical research than men do.
Professor and neurosurgeon Robert J. White states that Congress should completely ban late-term, partial-birth abortion. John M. Swomley, a professor emeritus of social ethics, maintains that the increased medical risk caused by banning late-term, partial-birth abortion is reason enough for Congress to allow the practice.
Health columnist Michael Castleman asserts that unless a woman has a history of breast cancer, the benefits of postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy far outweigh the risks. Writer Julie Felner interviews physician Dr. Susan Love, who states that she is alarmed that many physicians prescribe hormone replacement therapy for all menopausal patients indefinitely.
Josh Sugarmann, executive director of the Violence Policy Center, argues that guns increase the costs of hospitalization, rehabilitation, and lost wages, making them a serious public health issue. Attorney Don B. Kates, professor of genetics Henry E. Schaffer, and William C. Waters IV, a physician, counter that most gun-related violence is caused by aberrants, not ordinary gun owners.
Freelance writer Arthur Allen states that parental refusal to immunize children could trigger disease outbreaks. Physician Richard Moskowitz argues that compulsory vaccination undermines the development of a healthy, functioning immune system.
Journalist Ross Gelbspan contends that we need to act now to prevent future catastrophic climatic changes that may result from global warming. Chemists Arthur B. Robinson and Zachary W. Robinson argue that even though carbon dioxide levels have increased during the past 20 years, global temperatures have decreased.
Law and public health professor Lawrence O. Gostin states that reporting cases of HIV infection by name is justified because the benefits to public health surveillance outweigh the risk of breaches of confidentiality from public health agencies. AIDS activist Catherine Hanssens asserts that the value of the information from named reporting of HIV infection will be limited if individuals at risk avoid HIV testing. Risks to privacy may occur from legislative action and from prosecutors seeking to criminalize HIV-related behavior.
Writer Dave Shiflett contends that for years the antidrinking establishment has insisted that even moderate drinking is bad for health despite the fact that science indicates otherwise. Physicians Meir J. Stampfer and Eric B. Rimm and professor Diana Chapman Walsh argue that encouraging the use of alcohol, even in moderation, could lead to an increase in its consumption, with potentially dangerous results.
Eric A. Voth, medical director of Chemical Dependency Services at St. Francis Hospital in Topeka, Kansas, argues that marijuana produces many adverse effects and that its effectiveness as a medicine is supported only by anecdotes. Ethan A. Nadelmann, director of the Lindesmith Center, a New York drug policy research institute, asserts that government officials continue to promote the myth that marijuana is harmful and leads to the use of hard drugs.
Physician William E. Connor and registered dietitian Sonja L. Connor argue that a low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet has many health benefits, including the reduction of disease risk factors. Nutritionist Martijn B. Katan and physicians Scott M. Grundy and Walter C. Willett maintain that a low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet does not reduce the risk of heart disease, cancer, or obesity.
Author Nancy Bruning asserts that neither skeptics nor believers can exactly explain how homeopathy works but that it can successfully treat a wide range of health problems. Physician and health consumer advocate Stephen Barrett argues that homeopathic remedies are so dilute that they are useless.
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