Teaching Language Arts Expanding Thinking through Student-Centered Instruction

by Collins Block, Cathy

• ISBN13: 9780205309245
• ISBN10: 0205309240
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2019-11-21
• Publisher: Pearson
• More Book Details
• Purchase Benefits

Summary

This book explains and demonstrates with a clear, step-by-step approach how communication and thinking competencies can be enhanced through instruction. This revision elaborates further on a language arts program built to focus on the needs of individual students. Each of the fourteen chapters is divided into three sections covering theoretical foundations, practice, and professional development, giving the text a practical, usable organization. The second and third sections apply the principles from the first section to the classroom. Features in these sections show specific teaching strategies that offer practical ideas for teachers to develop an ongoing and successful teaching repertoire. For Language Arts teachers.

Table of Contents

Preface	xi
Learning Language and the Language Arts	1	(46)
Theoretical Foundations: Learning the Language Arts	3	(17)
Basic Terms	3	(2)
How Children Learn Language	5	(8)
Learning the Rule Systems That Govern Language	13	(4)
Emergent Language Arts Abilities from Birth to Age 3	17	(3)
Putting Theory into Practice: Principles of Language Arts Instruction	20	(13)
Principles on Which to Build Language Learning Activities	21	(7)
Integrating the Language Arts: Using Varied Genre	28	(1)
Inside Culturally Enriched Classrooms: Creating a Multicultural Classroom	29	(2)
Recognizing and Reporting Progress: Using Parent Observations	31	(2)
Teachers as Continual Learners: Improving Our Professiona Competencies	33	(14)
Professional Development Activity: Scaffolding	33	(3)
For Your Journal: Daybooks	36	(2)
Connecting Classrooms, Parents, and Communities: Capitalizing on the Power of Play	38	(1)
Summary	39	(2)
How to Do It: Using What You've Learned	41	(6)
Teaching the Language Arts	47	(44)
Theoretical Foundations: Research on How to Organize Language Arts	48	(21)
Developing a Master Plan	49	(3)
Devising Daily Schedules	52	(11)
Grouping for Instruction	63	(6)
Putting Theory into Practice: Activities for the First Week of School	69	(10)
Integrating the Language Arts: Predictable Books, Big Books, and Wordless Books	71	(2)
Inside Culturally and Linguistically Enriched Classrooms: Differing Cultural Values, Limited English Proficiencies, and Native American Languages	73	(3)
Recognizing and Reporting Progress: Beginning-of Year Assessments	76	(3)
Teachers as Continual Learners: Beginning the Year	79	(12)
Professional Development Activity: Your Teaching Philosophy	79	(2)
For Your Journal: Personal Journals and Introducing Journals co Preschoolers and at the Beginning of the Year for Older Students	81	(1)
Connecting Classrooms, Parents, and Communities: Parent Letters	82	(2)
Summary	84	(1)
How to Do It: Using What You've Learned	84	(4)
Thematic Unit: Using Predictable Picture Books	88	(3)
Oral Communication	91	(48)
Theoretical Foundations: Students' Oral Language Needs	92	(16)
Stages of Oral Language Development	95	(4)
Functions of Language	99	(2)
Dialectical Differences	101	(5)
Eliminating Distracting Vocal Qualities	106	(2)
Putting Theory into Practice: Improving Students' Speaking Abilities	108	(21)
Activities That Improve Students' Speaking Abilities	108	(8)
Integrating the Language Arts	116	(3)
Inside Culturally and Linguistically Enriched Classrooms: Ten Lessons That Enrich Bilingual Students' Learning	119	(6)
Recognizing and Reporting Progress: Anecdotal Records	125	(2)
Developing Technological Competencies: Keeping Abreast of Innovations, E-Mail, Chatrooms, and Key Pals	127	(2)
Teachers as Continual Learners: Teaching Oral Language	129	(10)
Professional Development Activity: How to Do a ``Think-Aloud''	129	(1)
For Your Journal: Dialogue Journals	130	(2)
Connecting Classrooms, Parents, and Communities: Developing Telephoning Skills	132	(1)
Summary	132	(2)
How to Do It: Using What You've Learned	134	(5)
Listening Development: A Student-Centered Approach	139	(52)
Theoretical Foundations: Students' Listening Needs	141	(18)
Why Students Need Listening Instruction	141	(1)
Purposes for Listening	142	(1)
Levels of Listening Ability	143	(16)
Putting Theory into Practice: Improving Students' Listening	159	(14)
Integrating the Language Arts	165	(4)
Inside Academically Diverse Classrooms: Oral and Written Language Learning Disabilities	169	(3)
Recognizing and Reporting Progress: Rating Scales to Assess Oral Language Arts Processes	172	(1)
Teachers as Continual Learners: Listening to Students, Their Stories, and Their Voices	173	(18)
Professional Development Activity: Storytelling	173	(5)
For Your Journal: Purpose-Posing Journals	178	(1)
Connecting Classrooms, Parents, and Communities: Family Story Projects	178	(2)
Summary	180	(1)
How to Do It: Using What You've Learned	181	(4)
Thematic Unit: Emphasizing Native American Folklore for Kindergarten through Second Grade	185	(6)
When Sound Meets Print: Teaching Phonics and Vocabulary	191	(150)
Theoretical Foundations: Developing Vocabularies as a Parallel Support for Phonics Instruction	193	(19)
Building Vocabularies	195	(2)
Decoding and Encoding	197	(15)
Putting Theory into Practice: Teaching Content Vocabulary Sight Words, Phonemic Awareness, and Phonics	212	(14)
Teaching Children to Increase Their Vocabulary	213	(7)
Inside Culturally and Academically Diverse Classrooms: Identifying Decoding Difficulties	220	(2)
Recognizing and Reporting Progress: Assessments That Can Be Used for Testing Vocabulary, Decoding, and Structural Analysis Skills	222	(1)
Developing Technological Competencies: Electronic Books and Multimedia	223	(3)
Teachers as Continual Learners: Using Children's Literature Daily	226	(115)
Professional Development Activity: Reading Aloud Effectively	226	(3)
For Your Journal: Bookmaking	229	(4)
Connecting Classrooms, Parents, and Communities: SSE (Sustained Silent Evenings)	233	(1)
Summary	234	(1)
How to Do It: Using What You've Learned	234	(7)
Teaching Children to use Multiple Decoding Strategies	241	(1)
Theoretical Foundations: Teaching Students to Decode Using Beyond Word Clues	242	(18)
Reading and Writing Workshops, Grand Conversations, and Book Clubs	251	(7)
Guided Reading and the Four Blocks Approach	258	(2)
Putting Theory into Practice: Using Vocabulary and Decoding Strategies Simultaneously	260	(12)
Activities That Help Students Decode Independently	260	(6)
Integrating the Language Arts: Using Predictable and Pattern Books co Teach Decoding	266	(2)
Inside Culturally and Academically Diverse Classrooms: Remedial Readers	268	(3)
Recognizing and Reporting Progress: Reading Checklists and Rubrics	271	(1)
Teachers as Continual Learners: Improving Abilities to Teach Decoding Skills	272	(15)
Professional Development Activity: Managing Small Groups	272	(1)
For Your Journal: Reading Response Journals	272	(4)
Connecting Classrooms, Parents, and Communities: Providing Tutorial Assistance	276	(1)
Summary	277	(1)
How to Do It: Using What You've Learned	277	(4)
Thematic Unit: Simulated City	281	(6)
Using Nonfictional and Fictional readings and Students' Writing to Increase Comprehension Abilities	287	(46)
Theoretical Foundations: Comprehension and Composing Needs	288	(14)
Comprehending and Composing	290	(3)
Emergent Literacy Reading and Writing Begin	293	(3)
Tilling the Text	296	(5)
Metacomprehension and Metacomposing Strategies	301	(1)
Putting Theory into Practice: Strategies to Improve Comprehension and Composing	302	(19)
Activities That Increase Comprehension and Composing Abilities	302	(12)
Integrating the Language Arts: Modeling a Literary Character's Comprehension and Composing Strategies	314	(2)
Inside Culturally Enriched Classrooms: Using Choral Reading and Singing to Nurture Ethnic Textures in Reading and Writing	316	(3)
Recognizing and Reporting Progress: Students' Self Assessment of Comprehension and Composing Strategies	319	(1)
Developing Technological Competencies: Working in Pairs with Computers and Hypertext	319	(2)
Teachers as Continual Learners: Increasing Comprehension and Composing Abilities	321	(12)
Professional Development Activity: Conducting Effective Author Studies	322	(3)
For Your Journal: Interactive Journals	325	(2)
Connecting Classrooms, Parents, and Communities: Helping Parents Build Home Environments That Increase Their Children's Comprehension and Composing Abilities	327	(1)
Summary	328	(1)
How to Do It: Using What You've Learned	328	(5)
The Writing Process and Writing Workshops	333	(40)
Theoretical Foundations: What Writing Does for Students	334	(14)
Benefits of Writing	335	(2)
Principles of Writing Instruction	337	(1)
Writing Development through the Grades	338	(3)
The Writing Process	341	(7)
Putting Theory into Practice: Increasing Students' Writing Abilities	348	(10)
Activities That Build Writing Abilities	349	(4)
Integrating the Language Arts: Modeling How to Create Memorable Characters	353	(1)
Inside Culturally Enriched Classrooms: Building Additional Bridges to Improve the Writing Abilities of Second-Language Learners and Bilingual Students	354	(2)
Recognizing and Reporting Progress: Portfolios	356	(2)
Teachers as Continual Learners: Writing Development	358	(15)
Professional Development Activity: How to Conduct Effective Conferences and Discovery Discussions	360	(1)
For Your Journal: Buddy Journals	361	(1)
Connecting Classrooms, Parents, and Communities: Letter-Writing Activities	362	(2)
Summary	364	(1)
How to Do It: Using What You've Learned	364	(6)
Thematic Unit: Teaching Mysteries to Increase Comprehension and Composing Abilities	370	(3)
Revising to clarify meaning	373	(42)
Theoretical Foundations: Students Need to Revise	374	(11)
Effective Grammar Instruction	374	(5)
Sentence-Combining Approach	379	(3)
Refining Meaning through Precise Word Choices	382	(2)
Revising Committees Approach	384	(1)
Putting Theory into Practice: Teaching Students How to Revise	385	(20)
Activities That Develop Revising Abilities	386	(8)
Integrating the Language Arts: SSR, SSW, SSE, and Author's Theatres to Build Grammatical Awareness	394	(1)
Inside Culturally Enriched Classrooms: Attention to Cultural Sensitivity in Stories	394	(1)
Recognizing and Reporting Progress: Writing Rubrics	395	(3)
Developing Technological Competencies: Child Safety, Classroom Home Pages, and Grammar Resources on the Computer and Internet	398	(7)
Teachers as Continual Learners: Increasing Revising Abilities	405	(10)
Professional Development Activity: How to Teach Story Grammar	405	(2)
For Your Journal: Homework Journals	407	(1)
Connecting Classrooms, Parents, and Communities: Magazines That Publish Students' Writings	408	(3)
Summary	411	(1)
How to Do It: Using What You've Learned	411	(4)
Spelling and Handwriting Instruction in the Language Arts Program	415	(46)
Theoretical Foundations: Why Teach Spelling and Penmanship?	416	(23)
Stages in Spelling Development	420	(2)
How to Teach Spelling, Capitalization, and Punctuation	422	(9)
How to Teach Handwriting	431	(8)
Putting Theory into Practice: Teaching Spelling, Writing Conventions, and Penmanship	439	(7)
Activities That Teach Writing Conventions	439	(3)
Integrating the Language Arts: Building Punctuation and Capitalization Skills	442	(3)
Inside Culturally Enriched Classrooms: Using Self Stick Notes to Aid Students with Special Needs	445	(1)
Recognizing and Reporting Progress: Self-Assessments of Editing and Small-Group Discussions	445	(1)
Teachers as Continual Learners: Increasing Editing Abilities	446	(15)
Professional Development Activity: Teaching Word Patterns	446	(3)
For Your Journal: Spelling Journals	449	(1)
Connecting Classrooms, Parents, and Communities: Taking Spelling into the Home	449	(1)
Summary	450	(1)
How to Do It: Using What You've Learned	451	(4)
Thematic Unit: Integrating Language Arts with Social Studies, Nonfiction, and Children's Literature	455	(6)
Integrating Language Arts Across the Curriculum	461	(40)
Theoretical Foundations: The Need to Integrate Language Arts Literature and Content Area Instruction	462	(14)
Types of Integration	469	(4)
Integrating Each Day	473	(3)
Putting Theory into Practice: Using Integration to Teach Students to Think More Like Scientists, Mathematicians, Social Scientists, and Fine Artists	476	(14)
Integrating the Language Arts in Content Areas: Teaching Nonfiction	486	(3)
Inside Culturally Enriched Classrooms: Mentoring and Gifted Students	489	(1)
Recognizing and Reporting Progress: Checklists and Group Assessments	490	(1)
Teachers as Continual Learners: Increasing Your Abilities to Integrate	490	(11)
Professional Development Activity: Assessing Your Ability to Integrate	491	(1)
For Your Journal: Learning Logs	492	(2)
Connecting Classrooms, Parents, and Communities: Parents Building Their Child's Study Skills	494	(1)
Developing Technological Competencies: Inkspot's Writer's Resource	494	(2)
Summary	496	(1)
How to Do It: Using What You've Learned	497	(4)
Increasing Creativity, Poetic and Dramatic Expression Abilities, and Visual Arts Skills	501	(46)
Theoretical Foundations: Why Students Need to Develop Creative Thinking and Viewing Abilities	502	(4)
Role of Creativity in the Language Arts	503	(1)
Need for Instruction	503	(1)
Advantages of Instruction	504	(2)
Putting Theory into Practice: How to Increase Students' Creativity and Viewing Abilities	506	(27)
Activities That Develop Creative Thinking Tools	506	(5)
Lessons That Expand Generative Thinking Processes	511	(11)
Integrating the Language Arts: How to Cultivate Student Poets and Why It Is Important to Do So	522	(8)
Inside Culturally Enriched Classrooms: Using Viewing co Increase Bilingual Students' Language Arts Abilities	530	(1)
Recognizing and Reporting Progress: Assessing Creativity and Viewing Competencies	531	(2)
Teachers as Continual Learners: Increasing Students' Creativity	533	(14)
Professional Development Activity: How to Conduct Readers' Theatre	533	(3)
For Your Journal: Beginning Poetry Journals	536	(1)
Connecting Classrooms, Parents, and Communities: Providing Resources for Creativity	536	(1)
Summary	537	(1)
How to Do It: Using What You've Learned	538	(4)
Thematic Unit: Teaching Poetry	542	(5)
Increasing Students' Thinking and Multicultural Understanding through the Language Arts Program	547	(54)
Theoretical Foundations: Students Need to Think Critically with a Multicultural Sensitivity	549	(14)
Approaches to Build Multicultural Sensitivity through the Language Arts	551	(11)
Meeting the Needs of English Language Learners	562	(1)
Putting Theory into Practice: Teaching Students How to Think at a High Level and How to Increase Their Multicultural Understanding	563	(19)
Integrating the Language Arts through Autobiographies and Biographies	576	(3)
Inside Culturally Enriched Classrooms: Activities That Strengthen Multicultural Learning	579	(2)
Recognizing and Reporting Progress: Culturally Biased Tests	581	(1)
Teachers as Continual Learners: Reaching the Underserved	582	(19)
Professional Development Activity: Securing Additional Resources	583	(6)
For Your Journal: Think Pads and Diaries	589	(2)
Connecting Classrooms, Parents, and Communities: Bibliotherapy	591	(1)
Developing Technological Competencies: Online Computer Coaches	592	(1)
Summary	592	(1)
How to Do It: Using What You've Learned	593	(8)
Assessment and Grading Options in the Language Arts Program	601	(38)
Theoretical Foundations: Students' Assessment Needs	603	(7)
Issues in Test Assessment	605	(1)
Standards for the Assessment of Language Arts	605	(5)
Putting Theory into Practice: New Assessment Tools	610	(19)
Anecdotal Records and Performance-Based Assessments	610	(12)
Transferring Practices into Grading Periods	622	(3)
Integrating the Language Arts: Completing Comprehensive Literacy Assessment	625	(1)
Inside Culturally Enriched Classrooms: Assessing Multiple Intelligences	625	(1)
Recognizing and Reporting Progress: An Overview of Assessment	626	(2)
The Language Arts Diagnostic Process: Phases of the Process	628	(1)
Teachers as Continual Learners: Improving Assessment Competencies	629	(10)
Professional Development Activity: Mid-Year and End-of Year Language Arts Program Evaluation	629	(2)
For Your Journal: Grading Journals	631	(1)
Connecting Classrooms, Parents, and Communities: Tools for Continual Professional Development	631	(1)
Summary	632	(1)
How to Do It: Using What You've Learned	632	(4)
Thematic Unit: Dare to Dream	636	(3)
Appendix	639	(3)
Answer Key	642	(2)
References	644	(19)
Index	663