Technology, Market Structure and Internationalization: Issues and Policies for Developing Countries

by Kumar,Nagesh

• ISBN13: 9780415169257
• ISBN10: 0415169259
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1997-11-07
• Publisher: Routledge

Summary

This volume analyzes the factors that contribute to the technological capability in developing countries and examines the implication these have on policy formation. Key areas covered include: globalization and local capability, new technologies and developing countries, market structure and performance, firm size and technological activity, multinational enterprises and technology imports and patent protection. Providing fresh insights, this book will be of interest to researchers in development economics as well as to those invloved with the creation of policy in developing countries.

Table of Contents

List of tables	viii	(1)
Preface	ix
1 INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW	1	(16)
The context	1	(2)
Technological capability and innovation in developing countries: definition, importance and determinants	3	(4)
This book: objectives, structure and an overview of conclusions and policy implications	7	(10)
Part I The external environment for building technological capability	17	(38)
2 GLOBALIZATION, NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND THE URUGUAY ROUND: CHANGED INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF LOCAL CAPABILITY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES	17	(16)
Introduction	17	(1)
Global economic integration	18	(1)
Regional economic integration	19	(1)
Emergence of new core technologies and capability building in developing countries	20	(4)
Technonationalism and technological protectionism in industrialized countries	24	(2)
New international regime for intellectual property protection	26	(1)
Emerging regime on international investments and transfer of technology	27	(1)
Structural adjustment and technological capability in developing countries	28	(2)
Concluding remarks and policy implications	30	(3)
NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: A CASE STUDY OF CAPABILITY BUILDING IN BIOTECHNOLOGY	33	(22)
Introduction	33	(1)
Biotechnologies and sustainable development in developing countries	34	(3)
Emerging biotechnology industry	37	(7)
Building local capability in developing countries: the role and nature of national and international intervention	44	(6)
Conclusion	50	(5)
Part II Technology and market structure	55	(36)
4 FIRM SIZE AND TECHNOLOGICAL ACTIVITY	55	(11)
Introduction	55	(1)
The Schumpeterian hypothesis	56	(1)
Firm size and R&D activity: empirical evidence	57	(3)
Firm size and the decision to invest in R&D	60	(2)
Firm size and the nature of R&D	62	(2)
Concluding remarks and policy implications	64	(2)
5 MARKET STRUCTURE, OPPORTUNITIES, PATENTS AND INNOVATIONS	66	(12)
Introduction	66	(1)
The Schumpeterian paradigm	66	(2)
Empirical studies on market structure and innovation	68	(3)
Patents, appropriability and R&D intensities	71	(2)
Technological opportunity and opportunities for adaptation	73	(2)
Concluding remarks and policy implications	75	(3)
6 TECHNOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES, MARKET STRUCTURE AND FIRM'S PERFORMANCE	78	(13)
Introduction	78	(1)
Technology, entry barriers and industry profits	79	(3)
Technology, competitive rivalry and corporate profits	82	(3)
Technological activities, profitability and corporate growth	85	(2)
Concluding remarks and policy implications	87	(4)
Part III Technology, trade and multinational enterprises	91	(50)
7 MULTINATIONAL ENTERPRISES, TECHNOLOGY AND MARKET STRUCTURE	91	(19)
Introduction	91	(1)
Determinants of MNE activity abroad: theory and empirical evidence	92	(7)
MNEs and market structure, conduct and performance (S-C-P) in host countries	99	(3)
Technology, strategic groups and mobility barriers	102	(1)
Outward foreign direct investment by developing country enterprises	103	(3)
Concluding remarks and policy implications	106	(4)
8 TECHNOLOGY, MULTINATIONALS AND THE INTERNATIONAL TRADE OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES	110	(17)
Introduction	110	(1)
Technology and exports: theory and empirical evidence	111	(4)
Technology and trade behaviour in developing countries	115	(3)
Technology and exports: direction of causation?	118	(1)
Multinational enterprises and host countries' exports	119	(4)
Technology and intra-firm trade	123	(2)
Concluding remarks and policy implications	125	(2)
9 TECHNOLOGY IMPORTS AND DOMESTIC TECHNOLOGICAL CAPABILITY IN HOST COUNTRIES	127	(14)
Introduction	127	(1)
Technology imports and in-house R&D: complements or substitutes?	128	(5)
Knowledge spillovers from FDI and technology transfers	133	(4)
Vertical inter-firm linkages with the domestic economy	137	(1)
Policy implications	138	(3)
Bibliography	141	(17)
Index	158