Textile Processing With Enzymes

by Cavaco-Paulo; A.

• ISBN13: 9780849317767
• ISBN10: 0849317762
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2003-09-02
• Publisher: CRC Press

Summary

As the need to reduce pollution in textile production increases, the use of enzymes in the chemical processing of fibres and textiles is rapidly gaining recognition for its eco-friendly and non-toxic characteristics. Enzymes are a safe alternative in a wide range of textile processes that would otherwise require harsh chemicals whose disposal would pose environmental problems.Textile Processing with Enzymes covers all of the relevant issues from basic biochemistry and enzymology to the industrial application of these biocatalysts. The book begins with the fundamental aspects of enzymes determining catalytic properties, followed by a summary of fibrous and non-fibrous materials as substrates for enzymes. It discusses catalysis and processing, with an overview of the function and application of enzymes used in textile processing, and addresses process engineering and industrial enzyme applications. The final chapters present the practical aspects of handling enzymes, provide a detailed look at operational and storage stabilities, and consider the use of enzymes in effluent treatment.As a comprehensive guide to textile processing with enzymes, this book explains the applications that are transforming the industry. It is a valuable resource for scientists and engineers with a basic background in textiles, biotechnology, chemistry, or engineering, as well as students interested in the subject.

Table of Contents

Preface	ix
List of contributors	xi
1 Enzymes	1	(41)
R. O. JENKINS, DE MONTFORT UNIVERSITY, UK
1.1 Introduction	1	(2)
1.2 Classification and nomenclature of enzymes	3	(3)
1.3 Protein structure	6	(12)
1.4 Forces that stabilise protein molecules	18	(1)
1.5 Properties of proteins	19	(5)
1.6 Biosynthesis of proteins	24	(5)
1.7 Post-translational modification of proteins	29	(1)
1.8 Enzymatic catalysis	30	(6)
1.9 Future trends	36	(3)
1.10 Further reading	39	(1)
1.11 Bibliography	40	(2)
2 Substrates and their structure	42	(44)
G. BUSCHLE-DILLER, AUBURN UNIVERSITY, USA
2.1 Non-fibrous substrates and non-substrates	42	(22)
2.2 Textile fibers as substrates for enzymes	64	(18)
2.3 References	82	(4)
3 Catalysis and processing	86	(34)
A. CAVACO-PAULO, UNIVERSITY OF MINHO, PORTUGAL AND G. GÜBITZ, GRAZ UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, AUSTRIA
3.1 Basic thermodynamics and enzyme kinetics	87	(2)
3.2 Function of textile processing enzymes	89	(10)
3.3 Homogeneous and heterogeneous enzyme catalysis and kinetics	99	(8)
3.4 Major enzymatic applications in textile wet processing	107	(6)
3.5 Promising areas of enzyme applications in textile processing	113	(3)
3.6 References	116	(4)
4 Process engineering and industrial enzyme applications	120	(38)
V. A. NIERSTRASZ AND M. M. C. G. WARMOESKERKEN, UNIVERSITY OF TWENTE, THE NETHERLANDS
4.1 Introduction	120	(1)
4.2 Large-scale industrial enzyme applications in textiles: an overview	121	(2)
4.3 Industrial applications of enzymes in wet textile processing	123	(8)
4.4 Mass transfer in textile materials	131	(11)
4.5 Process intensification: enhancement of mass transfer in textile materials	142	(6)
4.6 Mass transfer and diffusion limitation in immobilised enzyme systems	148	(6)
4.7 References and further reading	154	(4)
5 Practical aspects of handling enzymes	158	(41)
H. B. M. LENTING, TNO INSTITUTE FOR INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY, THE NETHERLANDS
5.1 Introduction	158	(1)
5.2 Enzyme activity	159	(10)
5.3 Stabilisation of enzymatic activity	169	(12)
5.4 Handling of enzymes	181	(11)
5.5 Health and safety issues	192	(5)
5.6 References	197	(2)
6 Effluent treatment - Enzymes in activated sludge	199	(24)
J. BINKLEY, UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AND A. KANDELBAUER, GRAZ UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, AUSTRIA
6.1 Hazardous waste	200	(1)
6.2 Types of textile effluent	201	(2)
6.3 Methods of water treatment for incoming water	203	(1)
6.4 Treatment of wastewaters from the textile industry	203	(2)
6.5 Effluent treatment	205	(3)
6.6 The use of activated sludge for the removal of colour	208	(4)
6.7 Decolourisation by enzymes, fungi, and by biosorption and enrichment cultures	212	(7)
6.8 References	219	(4)
Index	223