Threats to Global Water Security

by Jones, J. Anthony A.; Vardanian, Trahel G.; Hakopian, Christina

• ISBN13: 9789048123438
• ISBN10: 9048123437
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2009-06-01
• Publisher: Springer Verlag

Summary

Water resources are under threat in many parts of the world. Climate change and natural disasters like earthquakes are aggravating already critical situations. But a significant number of threats are posed directly by human interference and failings. A major theme in the book is the need for preparedness. Poor risk assessment, lack of emergency planning and poor institutional response are key factors in making natural disasters or human-induced problems worse. The problems are ones of water quality as well as quantity. A large section is devoted to the threats from climate change and extreme hydrological events. As global warming progresses most regions can expect an increase in the frequency of floods and droughts. But the rising cost of these events is also directly due to human mismanagement, lack of preparation and poor emergency response. Similar issues surround the threats from terrorism and armed conflicts, which are analysed by a special Working Group. A final section is devoted to analyses of the water resources problems surrounding the Aral Sea '” perhaps the worst man-made disaster in history '” in which experts from the region discuss the solutions being developed, the urgent need for international collaboration and the problems caused by the huge cost of rehabilitation.

Table of Contents

Preface	p. xi
Overview: The Major Issues	p. 1
Threats to Global Water Security: Population Growth, Terrorism, Climate Change, or Commercialisation?	p. 3
Less is More: Approaching Water Security and Sustainability From the Demand Side	p. 15
Water Security of Nations: How International Trade Affects National Water Scarcity and Dependency	p. 27
Reducing the Risk: Drought Mitigation and the Economy of Irrigation	p. 37
Working Group I: Risk Assessment and Water Governance Chair and Rapporteur	p. 45
Water Quality And Terrorism	p. 49
Drinking Water Security in Crisis Situations From a Medical Perspective	p. 51
Biosensors in a System of Instrumental Tools to Prevent Effects of Bioterrorism and Automotive Control of Water Process Purification	p. 59
A High Sensitivity Nuclear Method for Real-Time Detection of Elements and Compounds in Drinking Water and Soil	p. 73
Natural Disasters and Surface and Subsurface Water Pollution Risk Assessment for Some Regions of Georgia	p. 83
Storm Surges on the Southern Coast of Gulf of Riga: Case Study of the Lielupe River	p. 91
Ground Water Vulnerability Assessment of the Aparan Aquifer, Republic of Armenia, and its Representation in a 3-D Model	p. 99
Wastewater Modeling to Reduce Disaster Risk From Groundwater Contamination	p. 107
Survival in Groundwater and FT-IR Characterization of Some Pathogenic and Indicator Bacteria	p. 117
Working Group II: The Threat From Armed Conflict and Terrorism Chairs and rapporteurs	p. 123
Managing Extreme Events And Climate Change	p. 129
Climate Change, Glacier Retreat, and Water Availability in the Caucasus Region	p. 131
Risk Management and Mitigation in Highly Urbanized River Basins	p. 145
Spatial Data Integration for Emergency Services of Flood Management	p. 155
The Use of Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques in Flood Monitoring and Damage Assessment: A Study Case in Romania	p. 167
Flooding in Afghanistan: A Crisis	p. 179
Human Factors in the Floods of Romania	p. 187
Development of Dangerous Geodynamic Processes in the South Caucasus and the Problem of Mitigating Their Consequences	p. 193
Threats in the Tienshan-Pamir Region of Kyrgyzstan	p. 199
Long-Term Prognosis of High Flows in the Mountain Rivers of Georgia	p. 207
Water Disasters in the Territory of Armenia	p. 215
The Floods on the River Danube in 2006: Social Impact and Remedial Processes	p. 225
The Analysis of Dangerous Hydrological Processes for the Terek River Basin	p. 233
Floods and Their Risk Assessment in East Siberia	p. 247
Removing Chlorine-Containing Organic Compounds in the Environment After Floods	p. 253
Calibration of an Atmospheric/Hydrological Model System for Flood Forecasting in the Odra Watershed	p. 257
The Role of Meteorological Models in the Prediction of Weather Hazards - The European Approach	p. 265
Extending the Danube Flood Forecasting System With the Use of Meteorological Ensembles	p. 277
Working Group III: Threats Due to Climate Change - Global Problems in a Regional Context Chair and rapporteur	p. 281
Protecting Aquatic Ecosystems	p. 285
Assessment of Risks and Possible Ecological and Economic Damage from Large-Scale Natural and Man-Induced Catastrophes in Ecologically Vulnerable Regions of Central Asia and the Caucasus	p. 287
Environmental Management of Intentional or Accidental Environmental Threats to Water Security in the Danube Delta	p. 305
Preventing Disaster on French Creek, One of the Most Biologically Diverse Rivers in North America	p. 317
Appraisal of Methodology of Ecological Risks Assessment Arising from Pollution of the Rivers of the Ukraine	p. 323
Emergency Response and Water Security of the BTC Pipeline in Ecologically Sensitive Areas of Georgia	p. 333
Infrastructure-Technical Innovations And Failures	p. 337
Effects of Reservoirs on Streamflow in the Boreal Region	p. 339
Hydrogeological Factors and the Safe Operation of Hydraulic Structures	p. 349
Evaluation of the Effect of a Water Hammer on the Failure of a Corroded Water Pipeline	p. 353
Sewer System Condition, Type of Sewers and Their Impacts on Environmental Management	p. 359
Restoring The Water Resources Of The Aral Sea Basin	p. 365
The Aral Sea: A Matter of Mutual Trust	p. 367
Extreme and Average Glacier Runoff in the Amudarya River Basin	p. 371
Future of the Aral Sea and the Aral Sea Coast	p. 377
Natural Disaster: Prevention of Drinking Water Scarcity	p. 381
Estimation of Ecological Risk of Transboundary Pollution of the Amu River	p. 385
On the Development of a Strategy for the Optimal Use of the Upstream Water Resources of the Amudary Basin in the National Interests of the Tajik Republic	p. 389
Integrated Management Strategy for Transboundary Water Resources in Central Asia	p. 395
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