Trade Rules in the Making Challenges in Regional and Multilateral Negotiations

by Mendoza, Dr Miguel Rodriguez; Low, Patrick; Kotschwar, Barbara

• ISBN13: 9780815756798
• ISBN10: 0815756798
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1999-06-01
• Publisher: Brookings Institution Press

Summary

In April 1998 negotiations were launched to create a free trade area among thirty-four countries in the Western Hemisphere. The Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA) will eliminate barriers to trade in goods and services and will remove restrictions on investment among the countries of North, Central, and South America and the Caribbean. At the same time, negotiators in the World Trade Organization (WTO) are preparing to begin talks on agriculture and services, with the possibility of a new round of WTO negotiations. Trade policymakers are confronted with a wide range of complex issues and various forums for trade liberalization. Modern trade negotiations no longer focus only on barriers to trade in goods, but include a wide array of issues.This volume aims to clarify these issues. Contributors first address themes, including the evolution of regional arrangements in the Western Hemisphere and the relationship between regional trade arrangements and the multilateral trading system. Robert Hudec provides an in-depth analysis of the provisions and future implications of Article XXIV, the WTO article that regulates regional arrangements; Robert Lawrence examines regional arrangements and their relationship to the multilateral trading system; and Miguel Rodríguez Mendoza tests several Latin American arrangements to see whether they comply with the WTO criteria. Other contributors discuss key components of the current trade policy agenda, including market access approaches, trade in services, investment, competition policy, intellectual property rights, trade remedy laws, and dispute settlement. Also examined are smaller economies in trade negotiations, and labor and the environment. The book serves both as an analytical examination of regionalism and multilateralism and a primer for international trade negotiators.Copublished with the Organization of American States

Table of Contents

Trade Rules in the Making: An Overview	p. 1
Regionalism and Multilateral Rules
Regionalism, Multilateralism, and Deeper Integration: Changing Paradigms for Developing Countries	p. 23
Regionalism and WTO Rules: Problems in the Fine Art of Discriminating Fairly	p. 47
Dealing with Latin America's New Regionalism	p. 81
Preferential Trade and Regional Agreements
Developing Countries and Trade Preferences	p. 109
Small Countries and the Free Trade Area of the Americas	p. 134
Preferential and Nonpreferential Trade Flows in World Trade	p. 159
Regional Trade Arrangements: Lessons from Past Experiences	p. 180
Enhancing Trade Rules
Multilateral Approaches to Market Access Negotiations	p. 205
Multilateral and Regional Liberalization of Trade in Services	p. 235
Rules of Origin in Free Trade Agreements in the Americas	p. 261
Standards and Technical Barriers to Trade in the Free Trade Area of the Americas	p. 280
Import-Relief Laws: The Role of Safeguards	p. 302
How Long Can You Tread Water? The Anti-Economics of Trade Remedy Law	p. 322
Antidumping Policy as a System of Law	p. 341
The GATT/WTO Dispute Settlement System and the Negotiations for a Free Trade Area of the Americas	p. 365
The Newest Trade Policy Issues
Toward an Investment Agreement in the Americas: Building on the Existing Consensus	p. 389
Approaches to Competition Policy	p. 417
Competition Policy and Regional Trade Agreements	p. 444
Opening Government Procurement Markets	p. 462
Labor Rights	p. 487
Trade and the Environment	p. 511
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