Ultrasound Diagnosis of Fetal Anomalies

by Entezami, Michael; Albig, Matthias; Gasiorek-Wiens, Adam; Becker, Rolf; Knoll, Ursula; Schmitz, L.; Wegner, R. D.

• ISBN13: 9781588902122
• ISBN10: 1588902129
• Edition: Illus.
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2003-10-01
• Publisher: Thieme Medical Pub

Summary

Recent advances in ultrasound technology have dramatically advanced prenatal care, and its use is now standard. Medical professionals today can accurately detect fetal structural irregularities, and as a result, provide higher quality prenatal and postnatal patient care.This well-referenced teaching atlas is a comprehensive and practical overview of fetal ultrasound technology, providing up-to-date diagnosis and examination guidelines for the most clinically important anomalies and diseases. Incorporating an impressive collection of sonographic images and plates, the book provides an invaluable visual aid in recognizing even the most difficult-to-interpret ultrasound findings.Key features:- Nearly 500 high-quality sonograms and images that illustrate frequent and rare fetal irregularities, including pathophysiologic disorders- Tips for: avoiding common image misinterpretations; scanning techniques; and optimal times for ultrasound examinations- Special chapters on chromosomal disorders and their soft markers, post-infectious malformations, and multiple pregnancies- Unique design that allows quick and easy access to information- Useful data and advice for concerned parents, including Internet resources and support groupsNo professional can afford to be without this up-to-date information. Incorporating the graphic strength of an atlas with the educational utility of a textbook, ULTRASOUND DIAGNOSIS OF FETAL ANOMALIES is essential for helping specialists to reliably identify prenatal irregularities and disease for the best results.

Table of Contents

Introduction	p. 1
Ultrasound Screening	p. 2
General Considerations	p. 2
First Screening (8-11 Weeks)	p. 2
Second Screening (18-21 Weeks)	p. 8
Third Screening (28-31 Weeks)	p. 20
Systematic Scanning of Fetal Anomalies	p. 23
The Central Nervous System and the Eye	p. 24
Anencephaly	p. 24
Aqueduct Stenosis	p. 27
Arachnoid Cysts	p. 28
Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum	p. 29
Dandy-Walker Syndrome	p. 34
Encephalocele	p. 36
Holoprosencephaly	p. 39
Hydranencephaly	p. 42
Hydrocephalus Internus	p. 43
Iniencephaly	p. 45
Intracranial Bleeding	p. 46
Cataract	p. 47
Microcephaly	p. 48
Spina Bifida Aperta, (Myelo-) Meningocele	p. 51
Teratoma (Intracranial)	p. 56
Aneurysm of the Vein of Galen	p. 57
Face and Neck	p. 59
Facial Clefts (Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate)	p. 59
Hygroma Colli (Cystic Hygroma of the Neck)	p. 63
Goiter (Fetal)	p. 66
Thorax	p. 69
Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation (CCAM) of the Lung	p. 69
Esophageal Atresia	p. 72
Primary Fetal Hydrothorax	p. 73
Diaphragmatic Hernia	p. 76
The Heart	p. 80
General Considerations	p. 80
Coarctation of the Aorta	p. 81
Atrioventricular Septal Defect (AV Canal)	p. 82
Bradycardia	p. 86
Double-Outlet Right Ventricle (DORV)	p. 87
Ebstein Anomaly	p. 89
Ectopia Cordis/Cantrell Pentalogy	p. 91
Extrasystoles (Supraventricular)	p. 93
Tetralogy of Fallot	p. 93
Hypoplasia of the Left Heart	p. 96
Cardiac Rhabdomyomas	p. 99
Tachycardia	p. 100
Transposition of the Great Arteries (TGA)	p. 101
Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)	p. 103
Abdomen	p. 106
Anal Atresia	p. 106
Ascites	p. 107
Duodenal Atresia	p. 108
Intestinal Atresia and Stenosis	p. 110
Gastroschisis	p. 112
Intra-Abdominal Calcification (Hepatic Calcification)	p. 114
Meconium Peritonitis	p. 116
Omphalocele	p. 118
Urogenital Tract	p. 123
Bladder Exstrophy	p. 123
Genital Anomalies	p. 124
Hydronephrosis	p. 130
Infantile Polycystic Kidney Disease (IPKD)	p. 131
Multicystic Renal Dysplasia	p. 133
Renal Agenesis	p. 135
Hematoma of the Adrenal Gland	p. 138
Ovarian Cysts (Fetal)	p. 138
Sacrococcygeal Teratoma	p. 140
Ureterocele	p. 142
Urethral Valve Sequence	p. 144
Skeletal Anomalies	p. 147
General information	p. 147
Achondrogenesis	p. 147
Achondroplasia	p. 148
Amniotic Band Syndrome	p. 149
Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita (Multiple Congenital Contractures)	p. 150
Diastrophic Dysplasia	p. 155
Focal Femoral Hypoplasia	p. 155
Hypochondroplasia	p. 156
Camptomelic Dysplasia	p. 157
Club Foot (Talipes), Rocker-Bottom Foot	p. 157
Osteogenesis Imperfecta	p. 159
Polydactyly	p. 163
Radius Aplasia, Radius Hypoplasia	p. 166
Short Rib-Polydactyly Syndrome (SRPS) Type I (Saldino-Noonan) and Type III (Naumoff)	p. 168
Short Rib-Polydactyly Syndrome Type II (Majewski Syndrome)	p. 169
Thanatophoric Dysplasia	p. 171
Chromosomal Disorders and their Soft Markers	p. 177
Chromosomal Disorders	p. 178
General Considerations	p. 178
Jacobsen Syndrome (11 q Deletion)	p. 179
Pallister-Killian Syndrome (Tetrasomy 12 p)	p. 179
Triploidy	p. 180
Trisomy 8	p. 185
Trisomy 9, Partial Trisomy 9 p	p. 186
Trisomy 10	p. 187
Trisomy 13 (Patau syndrome)	p. 187
Trisomy 18 (Edwards Syndrome)	p. 193
Trisomy 21 (Down Syndrome)	p. 204
Turner Syndrome	p. 211
Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome (Chromosome 4 p Syndrome)	p. 215
Soft Markers of Chromosomal Aberrations	p. 219
Abnormal Shape of the Head	p. 219
Dandy-Walker Variant (Open Cerebellar Vermis)	p. 220
Echogenic Bowel	p. 221
Echogenic Kidneys	p. 223
Mild Ventriculomegaly	p. 224
Mild Dilation of the Renal Pelvis	p. 226
Short Femur	p. 227
Nuchal Translucency	p. 228
Choroid Plexus Cysts	p. 229
Single Umbilical Artery (SUA)	p. 231
White Spot (Echogenic Focus within the Heart)	p. 232
Selected Syndromes and Associations	p. 235
Selected Syndromes and Associations	p. 236
Apert Syndrome	p. 236
Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome	p. 239
Body Stalk Anomaly	p. 240
CHARGE Association	p. 241
Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (Brachmann-de Lange Syndrome)	p. 243
Crouzon Syndrome (Craniofacial Dysostosis Type I)	p. 244
Ellis-van Creveld Syndrome	p. 244
Freeman-Sheldon Syndrome (Whistling Face)	p. 245
Fryns Syndrome	p. 246
Goldenhar Syndrome	p. 248
Holt-Oram Syndrome	p. 249
Hydrolethalus	p. 249
Caudal Regression Syndrome	p. 250
Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber Syndrome	p. 251
Larsen Syndrome	p. 253
Meckel-Gruber Syndrome (Dysencephalia Splanchnocystica)	p. 255
Miller-Dieker Syndrome (Lissencephaly Type I)	p. 258
Mohr Syndrome (Orofaciodigital Syndrome Type II)	p. 259
Multiple Pterygium Syndrome	p. 260
MURCS Association	p. 263
Nager Syndrome (Acrofacial Dysostosis)	p. 264
Neu-Laxova Syndrome	p. 265
Noonan Syndrome (Turner-Like Syndrome)	p. 265
Pena-Shokeir Syndrome (Pseudotrisomy 18)	p. 267
Pierre Robin Sequence	p. 270
Russell-Silver Syndrome	p. 272
Shprintzen Syndrome (Velocardial Syndrome)	p. 273
Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome	p. 273
Thrombocytopenia-Absent Radius (TAR) syndrome	p. 277
Tuberous Sclerosis	p. 278
VACTERL Association	p. 279
Walker-Warburg Syndrome (Lissencephaly Type II)	p. 282
Cystic Fibrosis (Mucoviscidosis)	p. 283
Other Causes of Fetal Disease and Anomalies	p. 285
Fetal Hydrops	p. 286
Nonimmune Hydrops Fetalis (NIHF)	p. 286
Rhesus Incompatibility	p. 287
Infections	p. 289
Congenital Syphilis	p. 289
Congenital Varicella	p. 290
Parvovirus B19	p. 291
Toxoplasmosis	p. 292
Cytomegalovirus Infection	p. 293
Placenta, Cord, and Amniotic Fluid	p. 297
Chorioangioma	p. 297
Hydramnios	p. 298
Cysts of the Umbilical Cord	p. 299
Oligohydramnios	p. 301
Multiple Pregnancy	p. 302
Determination of Zygosity	p. 302
Conjoined Twins	p. 306
Twin Reversed Arterial Perfusion (TRAP sequence)	p. 308
Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome (TTTS)	p. 311
Growth Restriction in Twins	p. 314
Growth Disturbance	p. 315
Macrosomia	p. 315
Growth Restriction	p. 316
Diabetes Mellitus	p. 318
Drugs	p. 319
Anticonvulsive Drugs	p. 319
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome	p. 320
Cocaine and Heroin	p. 321
Appendix	p. 323
Index	p. 362
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