Umts

by Springer, Andreas; Weigel, Robert

• ISBN13: 9783540421627
• ISBN10: 3540421629
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2002-09-01
• Publisher: Springer Verlag

Summary

This book describes the physical layer of UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System) which is one of the five members of the IMT-2000 family of standards. It compiles in a clear fashion the main technical features of the physical layer standard together with a description of the basics of digital communications and spread spectrum technology on which UMTS relies. In addition the test cases specified in the standard are described together with their implications on any practical front-end design. The reader will benefit from the standard description which frees him from studying lots of standardization documents. Additional explanations of the standard and especially the test cases will help to better understand the effects on any front-end system design. Many references are provided for readers interested in in-depth treatments of certain topics.

Table of Contents

Introduction	1	(4)
Fundamentals	5	(46)
Digital Modulation	5	(19)
Equivalent Baseband Representation	5	(1)
Power Spectral Density	6	(1)
Constellation Diagram	7	(1)
Linear Modulation Techniques	8	(8)
Nonlinear Modulation Techniques	16	(2)
Bandwidth Efficiency and Spectral Properties	18	(4)
Bit Error Properties	22	(2)
Basic Terms in Mobile Radio	24	(7)
Duplex Techniques	24	(2)
Hierarchical Cell Structure and Frequency Reuse	26	(1)
Multiple Access	27	(4)
The Mobile Radio Channel	31	(12)
Overview	31	(1)
Multipath Propagation	32	(1)
Impulse Response Model	33	(1)
Parameters of the Mobile Radio Channel	34	(2)
Path Loss	36	(1)
Large Scale Fading	36	(1)
Small Scale Fading	37	(3)
Spatial Dispersion	40	(1)
Diversity Techniques	41	(1)
Combining Techniques	42	(1)
RF Fundamentals	43	(8)
Nonlinearity	43	(5)
Noise Figure	48	(1)
Crest Factor	49	(2)
Spread Spectrum Techniques	51	(22)
Definition	51	(2)
Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum	53	(6)
Principle	53	(4)
Optimum Receiver	57	(2)
Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum	59	(3)
Time Hopping Spread Spectrum	62	(1)
Chirp Spread Spectrum	62	(2)
Synchronization	64	(6)
Acquisition	65	(2)
Tracking	67	(3)
History	70	(3)
Code Division Multiple Access	73	(18)
Spreading Codes	73	(7)
Performance Measure	73	(2)
M-Sequences	75	(2)
Gold Sequences	77	(1)
Walsh Sequences	78	(2)
Receiver Structures	80	(8)
Correlation Receiver	80	(2)
RAKE Receiver	82	(3)
Advanced Receiver Structures	85	(3)
Power Control	88	(3)
Open Loop Power Control	89	(1)
Closed Loop Power Control	90	(1)
Outer Loop Power Control	90	(1)
Introduction to UMTS	91	(12)
Definition and Concept of Third Generation Mobile Communication Systems	91	(2)
Market Aspects	93	(2)
Spectrum Issues	95	(2)
Standardization	97	(6)
Development of 3G Systems	97	(3)
IMT-2000 Family of Standards	100	(1)
Sources	101	(2)
UTRA FDD Mode	103	(78)
Key Parameters	103	(1)
System Architecture	103	(6)
Layer Structure	105	(1)
Services and QoS	106	(3)
Transport and Physical Channels	109	(10)
Dedicated Channel	109	(5)
Random Access Channel	114	(1)
Common Packet Channel	115	(1)
Broadcast Channel	115	(1)
Forward Access Channel	115	(1)
Paging Channel	116	(1)
Downlink Shared Channel	116	(1)
Synchronization Channel	116	(1)
Common Pilot Channel	117	(1)
Acquisition Indication Channel	118	(1)
Paging Indicator Channel	118	(1)
CPCH Status Indicator Channel	118	(1)
CPCH Access Preamble Acquisition Indicator Channel	119	(1)
CPCH Collision Detection/Channel Assignment Indicator Channel	119	(1)
Spreading and Modulation	119	(14)
Channelization	119	(5)
Scrambling	124	(8)
Synchronization Codes	132	(1)
Modulation	132	(1)
Multiplexing, Channel Coding, and Interleaving	133	(4)
Physical Layer Procedures	137	(10)
Cell Search	137	(1)
Power Control	138	(3)
Random Access Procedure	141	(1)
CPCH Access Procedure	142	(1)
Downlink Transmit Diversity	142	(4)
Handover	146	(1)
Compressed Mode	147	(4)
Frame Structure	147	(1)
Transmission Time Reduction	148	(1)
Transmission Gap Position	149	(1)
Spreading and Scrambling Code Allocation	150	(1)
Transmit Power	150	(1)
RF Characteristics of the FDD Mode	151	(30)
Frequency Bands and Channel Arrangement	152	(1)
MS Transmitter Requirements	152	(8)
BS Transmitter Requirements	160	(6)
MS Receiver Test Cases	166	(11)
BS Receiver Test Cases	177	(4)
UTRA TDD Mode	181	(52)
Key Parameters	181	(1)
Transport and Physical Channels for the 3.84 Mcps Option	181	(8)
Dedicated Channel	183	(3)
Random Access Channel	186	(1)
Broadcast Channel	187	(1)
Paging Channel and Forward Access Channel	187	(1)
Synchronization Channel	187	(2)
Uplink and Downlink Shared Channel	189	(1)
Paging Indicator Channel	189	(1)
The Physical Node B Synchronization Channel	189	(1)
Transport and Physical Channels for the 1.28 Mcps Option	189	(4)
Dedicated Channel	190	(2)
Broadcast Channel	192	(1)
Random Access Channel	192	(1)
Fast Physical Access Channel	192	(1)
The Synchronization Channels (DwPCH, UpPCH)	192	(1)
Spreading and Modulation for the 3.84 Mcps Option	193	(4)
QPSK Mapping of the Data Bits	193	(1)
Channelization	193	(1)
Scrambling	194	(1)
Combination of Different Channels	194	(1)
Synchronization Codes	195	(1)
Modulation	196	(1)
Spreading and Modulation for the 1.28 Mcps Option	197	(1)
Mapping of the Data Bits	197	(1)
Synchronization Codes	198	(1)
Multiplexing, Channel Coding, and Interleaving	198	(1)
Physical Layer Procedures	199	(11)
Transmit Power Control	199	(4)
Timing Advance (3.84 Mcps Option)	203	(1)
UL Synchronization (1.28 Mcps Option)	203	(1)
Cell Search for the 3.84 Mcps Option	204	(1)
Cell Search for the 1.28 Mcps Option	205	(1)
Discontinuous Transmission	205	(1)
Downlink Transmit Diversity	206	(1)
Random Access Procedure	206	(3)
DSCH Procedure	209	(1)
Node B Synchronization Procedure over the Air	209	(1)
Idle Periods in DL (IPDL)	210	(1)
RF Characteristics of the TDD Mode	210	(23)
Frequency Bands and Channel Arrangement in TDD Mode	210	(1)
MS Transmitter Requirements for the TDD Mode	211	(3)
BS Transmitter Requirements for the TDD Mode	214	(4)
MS Receiver Test Cases for the TDD Mode	218	(8)
BS Receiver Test Cases for the TDD Mode	226	(7)
UMTS Transceiver Design Issues	233	(26)
Receiver Architectures	233	(11)
Heterodyne Receiver	233	(2)
Homodyne Receiver	235	(5)
Wideband IF Receiver with Double Conversion	240	(2)
Low-IF Receiver	242	(1)
Digital-IF Receiver	243	(1)
Transmitter Architectures	244	(2)
Heterodyne Transmitter	244	(1)
Homodyne Transmitter	245	(1)
Phase-Locked-Loop-Based Transmitters	245	(1)
UMTS Front-End Circuits: Current Developments	246	(9)
Homodyne Receivers	246	(4)
Heterodyne Receivers	250	(1)
Other Receiver Architectures	251	(1)
Comparison of the Described Receivers	252	(2)
Multi-Mode Receivers	254	(1)
Heterodyne Transmitters	254	(1)
Homodyne Transmitters	255	(1)
Future Trends	255	(4)
RF CMOS Technology	255	(1)
Low-Power Design	256	(1)
Integration of RF and Baseband Functionalities	257	(1)
Software-Defined Radio	257	(2)
A. Error Function, Complementary Error Function, and Q-Function	259	(4)
B. QoS Parameters for Bearer Services	263	(2)
C. UTRA FDD Reference	265	(6)
Environmental Conditions	265	(1)
Temperature	265	(1)
Voltage	265	(1)
Vibration	266	(1)
Downlink DPDCH Slot Formats	266	(1)
Uplink DPDCH Slot Formats	267	(1)
Quantization of the Gain Factors	267	(1)
Scrambling Code Generation	268	(1)
Uplink Scrambling Code	268	(1)
Downlink Scrambling Code Generator Polynomials	269	(1)
Synchronization Codes	269	(1)
OCNS	270	(1)
D. UTRA TDD Reference	271	(4)
Channelization Code Specific Multiplier	271	(1)
Weight Factors	272	(1)
Gain Factors	272	(1)
Synchronization Codes	272	(3)
E. List of Acronyms	275	(8)
References	283	(10)
Index	293