Understanding Ethnic Conflict : The International Dimension

by Taras, Raymond C.; Ganguly, Rajat

• ISBN13: 9780321364807
• ISBN10: 0321364805
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2006-01-01
• Publisher: Longman

Summary

The completely updated edition of this groundbreaking text provides students with a clear analytical framework for understanding ethnic conflicts and how they affect international relations.

Table of Contents

Preface	xi
Acknowledgments	xvi
PART I ETHNIC CONFLICT AND INTERNATIONAL POLITICS: A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Chapter 1 ETHNIC CONFLICT ON THE WORLD STAGE	1	(43)
Introduction	1	(1)
Ethnic Group, Ethnic Nation, Ethnic Nationalism	1	(2)
Civic versus Ethnic Nationalism	3	(3)
National Self-Determination in Practice	6	(3)
The Rise of Civic Nationalism	9	(2)
The Basis of Ethnic Identity	11	(2)
The Etiology of Ethnic Polarization and Conflict	13	(7)
Modernization and Ethnic Nationalism	13	(3)
Multiethnic States and Democratic (In)stability	16	(3)
Resource Competition and Ethnic Nationalism	19	(1)
Violent Ethnic Civil Wars in the Post–Cold War Era	20	(8)
Ancient Hatreds and Ethnic Conflict	20	(2)
The Irredentist–Anti-Irredentist Paradigm	22	(1)
Insecurity, Fear, and Ethnic Conflict	23	(3)
Elites, Massess, and Ethnic Conflict	26	(1)
Globalization and Ethnic Conflict	27	(1)
Goals of Ethnic Political Movements	28	(3)
The Staying Power of Ethnic Insurgency Movements	31	(2)
Conclusion	33	(11)
Chapter 2 ETHNIC CONFLICT AND INTERNATIONAL NORMS	44	(26)
Introduction	44	(1)
International Norms Affecting Ethnosecession	44	(9)
The Doctrine of Sovereignty	44	(6)
National Self-Determination and Ethnosecessionist Movements	50	(3)
The Moral Case for Secession	53	(11)
The Emerging Global Regime on Ethnic Minorities	64	(2)
Conclusion	66	(4)
Chapter 3 ETHNIC CONFLICT AND INTERNATIONAL SECURITY	70	(20)
Introduction	70	(1)
Complex Humanitarian Emergencies	71	(4)
Internal Displacement and Refugees	71	(1)
Torture, Abuse, and Mass Rape	72	(2)
Child Soldiers	74	(1)
State Failure and Collapse	75	(10)
Ethnoterrorism	75	(2)
Guns-for-Drugs Syndrome	77	(1)
Partisan Intervention and Counterintervention in Ethnic Conflicts	78	(1)
Typology of External Partisan Intervention	78	(1)
Reasons for Partisan External Intervention	79	(3)
Characteristics of Partisan External Intervention	82	(1)
Constraints on Partisan External Intervention	83	(1)
Consequences of Partisan External Intervention	84	(1)
Conclusion	85	(5)
Chapter 4 RESOLVING ETHNIC CONFLICTS THROUGH INTERNATIONAL INTERVENTION	90	(30)
Why Resolving Ethnic Conflicts Is Important	90	(1)
Ethnic Conflict Resolution by International Third Parties	90	(6)
Peacekeeping	91	(1)
Peacemaking	92	(3)
Peacebuilding	95	(1)
Ethnic Conflict Resolution by the United Nations	96	(15)
The United Nations as a Peacekeeper	97	(3)
The United Nations as a Peacemaker	100	(4)
The United Nations as a Peacebuilder	104	(3)
States as Third Parties in Ethnic Conflict Resolution	107	(1)
Major Powers and Ethnic Conflict Resolution	107	(2)
Ethnic Conflict Resolution by Third-World Regional Powers	109	(2)
Regional Organizations as Third Parties in Ethnic Conflict Resolution	111	(2)
International Nongovernmental Organizations as Third Parties in Ethnic Conflict Resolution	113	(2)
Conclusion	115	(5)
PART II CASE STUDIES
Chapter 5 NATIONALISM AND THE COLLAPSE OF AN EMPIRE: THE SOVIET UNION, RUSSIA, AND CHECHNYA	120	(30)
The Breakdown of Empires	120	(2)
Why Did Ethnic Conflict Occur?	122	(17)
Soviet Imperialism and Great Russian Nationalism	122	(3)
Democratization as a Source of Ethnic Conflict	125	(1)
The Conflict of Identities	126	(2)
Nationalist Mobilization in Post—Soviet Russia	128	(2)
The Core Ideas of Russian Nationalism	130	(1)
Russian Nationalists Resurgent	131	(2)
Russia's New Minorities	133	(1)
Russia and Chechnya	134	(3)
Chechen Ethnosecessionism	137	(2)
International Reaction	139	(2)
Noninternationalization of the Chechen Conflict	141	(3)
Third-party Mediation in Chechnya	144	(2)
Conclusion	146	(4)
Chapter 6 SEPARATIST MOVEMENTS IN CONSTITUTIONAL DEMOCRACIES: CANADA AND QUEBEC NATIONALISM	150	(26)
Introduction	150	(1)
Why Has Ethnic Conflict Occurred? Sources of Quebec Nationalism	151	(15)
British Colonization	152	(2)
Confederation	154	(1)
Economic Stagnation	154	(1)
Conscription Crises	155	(1)
Disputed Borders	155	(1)
Society in Transformation	156	(1)
The Quiet Revolution	156	(2)
Quebec's Exclusion from the Canadian Constitution	158	(1)
The Failure to Bring Quebec Back In	159	(2)
The Growth of the Sovereignty Movement	161	(2)
The Canadian Supreme Court on Secession	163	(3)
Why Peaceful Secession Is Rare	166	(2)
International Reaction	168	(1)
Can a Constitutional Dispute Be Internationalized?	169	(3)
Is External Mediation Possible in Canada?	172	(4)
Chapter 7 INTRACTABLE ETHNIC WARS: THE TAMIL—SINHALESE CONFLICT IN SRI LANKA	176	(31)
Introduction	176	(1)
Why Did Ethnic Conflict Occur?	176	(6)
Internationalization of the Ethnic War	182	(2)
India's Attempt at Conflict Resolution	184	(5)
The Ethnic Civil War in the 1990's	189	(2)
The Start of the Norway-Facilitated Peace Process	191	(2)
Peace Negotiations	193	(3)
Suspension of Peace Talks	196	(1)
Political Turmoil and Its Impact on Peace Talks	197	(2)
Prospects for a Negotiated Peace	199	(8)
Chapter 8 WEAK STATES AND ETHNIC CONFLICT: SECESSIONISM AND STATE COLLAPSE IN AFRICA	207	(25)
Introduction	207	(1)
Weak States	208	(2)
Secessionism in Ethiopia	210	(8)
The Colonial Legacy	210	(2)
Pan-Africanism and Pan-Ethiopianism	212	(1)
Ethiopia's Collapse, Eritrea's Independence	213	(2)
Internationalization and External Mediation	215	(3)
Weak States, Politicized Identities in Central Africa	218	(6)
The Colonial Legacy and Hutu–Tutsi Rivalry	219	(1)
International and External Mediation	220	(4)
Keeping the State Strong: South Africa	224	(4)
Transition from Apartheid	225	(2)
Ethnicity, State-building, and the International System	227	(1)
Conclusion	228	(4)
Chapter 9 WESTERN MILITARY INTERVENTION AND ETHNORELIGIOUS CONFLICTS: IRAQ, AFGHANISTAN, AND YUGOSLAVIA	232	(32)
Introduction	232	(2)
The U.S. Occupation of Iraq	234	(7)
Toppling a Dictator, Creating a Weak State	236	(1)
The Increased Salience of Ethnoreligious Cleavages	237	(4)
Ending Afghanistan's Wars Through Intervention	241	(6)
Ethnicity, Warlords, and Internal Conflict	242	(1)
International Intervention and Peacekeeping after the Taliban	243	(4)
Wars in a Disintegrating Yugoslavia	247	(13)
International Prevarication	253	(3)
Third-party Intervention and Peacekeeping	256	(4)
Conclusion	260	(4)
Chapter 10 U.S. FOREIGN POLICY AND NATIONALISM: TO INTERVENE OR NOT TO INTERVENE?	264	(12)
Studying Post–Cold War Policy Making	264	(1)
Rationales for U.S. Interventions	265	(5)
Promoting Liberal Internationalism	265	(2)
Preempting Security Threats	267	(2)
Activism to Promote Integration	269	(1)
The Backlash to U.S. Unilateralism	270	(2)
Conclusion	272	(4)
Selected Bibliography	276	(8)
Glossary	284	(13)
Index	297