Understanding Health Care Outcomes Research

by Kane, Robert L.

• ISBN13: 9780763734411
• ISBN10: 0763734411
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2005-10-18
• Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Learning

Summary

The first edition of this ground-breaking book was the pioneer text on outcomes research. It's a resource no quality-minded health care professional should be without. Both practical and applied, this book makes sense of the new science of studying health care outcomes - a vital process in health care quality assurance.  Understanding Health Care Outcomes Research, Second Edition, gives readers a wealth of expert advice on the basic framework needed to conduct any type of outcomes research, formulating the model, choosing the study design, developing meaningful measures, gathering data, and assessing and presenting results. The second edition includes new chapters on confounders, research design, and working within clinical settings. All chapters have been updated.  Understanding Health Care Outcomes Research, Second Edition includes more attention to larger interventions that include population level changes.

Table of Contents

Preface	vii
Author Biographies	ix
PART I BASIC CONCEPTS	1	(120)
Chapter 1 Introduction	3	(20)
Robert L. Kane
Why Look at Outcomes	3	(6)
An Outcomes Approach	9	(3)
Types of Study Designs	12	(3)
Measuring Outcomes	15	(2)
Conceptual Modeling	17	(3)
Summary: Organization of the Book	20	(3)
Chapter 2 Designing an Outcomes Research Study	23	(36)
David M. Radosevich
Introduction: Types of Study Designs	23	(2)
Evaluating the Threats to Outcomes Research	25	(3)
Statistical Conclusion Validity	28	(9)
Other Threats to Internal Validity	37	(6)
Construct Validity	43	(2)
External Validity	45	(4)
Quasi-Experimental Designs	49	(4)
Summary: General Guidelines for Designing a Health Outcomes Research Study	53	(6)
Chapter 3 Isolating the Effects of Treatment	59	(24)
Paul L. Hebert
Introduction	59	(1)
Conceptual Model	60	(3)
Statistical Model	63	(13)
Example: The Effectiveness of Influenza Vaccination	76	(4)
Summary	80	(3)
Chapter 4 Measurement	83	(38)
Jennifer R. Flytak, Robert L. Kane
Introduction	83	(1)
The Nature of Measurement	84	(3)
Measurement Issues	87	(7)
Scaling	94	(6)
Reliability and Validity	100	(9)
Interpreting Change	109	(1)
Advantages of Multiple- Versus Single-Item Measures	110	(6)
Summary	116	(5)
PART II SPECIFIC MEASURES: OUTCOMES	121	(96)
Chapter 5 Generic Measures	123	(42)
Matthew L. Maciejewski
Introduction: Why Use Generic Measures?	123	(2)
What Health Domains Are Typically Measured in Generic Measures?	125	(6)
What Are the Criteria for Generic Measures?	131	(5)
Practical Considerations	136	(2)
Preference Weighting	138	(3)
Choosing a Measure	141	(15)
Health Utility Measures	156	(1)
Resources	157	(1)
Summary	157	(8)
Chapter 6 Condition-Specific Measures	165	(20)
Adam Atherly
Introduction: Condition-Specific Versus Generic Measures	165	(2)
Why Not Generic Health Status Measures?	167	(1)
Condition-Specific Health Status Measures	168	(2)
Other Alternatives	170	(1)
The Choice of a Condition-Specific Measure	171	(6)
The Role of Condition-Specific Versus Generic Measures	177	(3)
Choosing a Measure	180	(1)
Summary	181	(4)
Chapter 7 Satisfaction with Care	185	(32)
Maureen A. Smith, Chris Schüssler-Fiorenza, Todd Rockwood
Introduction: The Importance of Patient Satisfaction	185	(1)
Theoretical Models of Satisfaction	186	(2)
Interpreting Satisfaction Ratings	188	(6)
Methods of Measuring Satisfaction	194	(4)
Existing Satisfaction Measures	198	(12)
Literature Reviews	210	(1)
Summary/Future Directions	210	(7)
PART III SPECIFIC MEASURES: RISK ADJUSTERS	217	(88)
Chapter 8 Severity and Comorbidity	219	(46)
Maureen A. Smith, Nicole M. Nitz, Sara K. Stuart
Introduction	219	(1)
Relationship Between Severity of Illness and Comorbidity	220	(2)
Severity of Illness and the Domains of Health	222	(2)
Components of Severity of Illness	224	(5)
Reasons to Include Severity and Comorbidity Measures	229	(4)
How to Choose a Measure	233	(15)
Issues Specific to Severity Measures	248	(1)
Issues Specific to Comorbidity Measures	248	(3)
Specific Measures	251	(9)
Summary	260	(5)
Chapter 9 Demographic, Psychological, and Social	265	(40)
Todd Rockwood, Melissa Constantine
Introduction	265	(1)
Three Types of Usage	266	(1)
Demographic Variables	266	(5)
Psychological	271	(15)
Social	286	(10)
Summary	296	(9)
PART IV ANALYSIS	305	(46)
Chapter 10 Capturing the Effects of Treatment	307	(28)
Jeremy Holtzman
Introduction: The Importance of Understanding Treatment	307	(1)
What Is Treatment?	307	(1)
Components of Treatment	308	(5)
Understanding the Components of Treatment	313	(5)
Need for Variation in Treatment	318	(1)
The Treatment Variation Defines the Treatment	319	(11)
Summary	330	(5)
Chapter 11 Cost-Effectiveness Analysis	335	(16)
John A. Nyman
Introduction	335	(1)
Types of Cost Effectiveness Analyses	336	(3)
Costs	339	(3)
Health-Related Quality of Life	342	(4)
A Hypothetical Illustration	346	(1)
Summary	347	(4)
PART V RESEARCH ISSUES	351	(38)
Chapter 12 Implementing Outcomes Research in Clinical Settings	353	(18)
David M. Radosevich
Introduction	353	(1)
Organizational Characteristics	353	(3)
Implementation Responsibilities	356	(6)
Regulatory Demands	362	(1)
Summary	362	(2)
Appendix 12A	364	(7)
Chapter 13 Practical Advice About Outcomes Research	371	(18)
Robert L. Kane
Introduction: Organizing One's Thinking	371	(2)
The Search for Simple Measures	373	(1)
Adjusting for Case Mix	374	(1)
Data Quality	374	(2)
Getting Follow-up Data	376	(2)
Using Extant Data Sources	378	(1)
Basic Analysis Issues	379	(3)
Ethics	382	(1)
Disease Management	383	(1)
Quality Improvement	383	(1)
Operational Steps	384	(2)
Summary	386	(3)
Index	389