Understanding Rheology

by Morrison, Faith A.

• ISBN13: 9780195141665
• ISBN10: 0195141660
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2001-02-01
• Publisher: Oxford University Press

Summary

Rheology--the study of the deformation and flow of matter--deals primarily with the stresses generated during the flow of complex materials including polymers, colloids, foams, and gels. A rapidly growing and industrially important field, it plays a significant role in polymer processing, foodprocessing, coating and printing, and many other manufacturing processes. Designed as a main text for advanced undergraduate- or graduate-level courses in rheology or polymer rheology, Understanding Rheology is also an ideal self-teaching guide for practicing engineers and scientists who find rheological principles applicable to their work. Covering the most importantaspects of elementary modern rheology, this detailed and accessible text opens with an introduction to the field and then provides extensive background chapters on vector and tensor operations and Newtonian fluid mechanics. It continues with coverage of such topics as: * Standard Flows for Rheology * Material Functions * Experimental Observations * Generalized Newtonian Fluids * Generalized Linear-Viscoelastic Fluids * Nonlinear Constitutive Equations * Rheometry, including rheo-optics Understanding Rheology incorporates helpful pedagogical aids including numerous problems for each chapter, many worked examples, and an extensive glossary. It also contains useful appendices on nomenclature, mathematical tools, predictions of constitutive equations, and birefringence.

Table of Contents

Preface

Introduction: How Much Do I Need to Learn about Rheology?

Shear Thinning/Shear Thickening

Yield Stress

Elastic/Viscoelastic Effects

Rheology as Spectroscopy

Process Modeling

Vector and Tensor Operations

Scalars

Vectors

Tensors

Differential Operations with Vectors and Tensors

Curvilinear Coordinates

Vector and Tensor Integral Theorems

Problems

Newtonian Fluid Mechanics

Conservation of Mass

Conservation of Momentum

The Newtonian Constitutive Equation

The Navier-Stokes Equation

Example Flow Problems: Incompressible Newtonian Fluids

Problems

Standard Flows for Rheology

Introduction

Simple Shear Flow

Simple Shear-Free (Elongational) Flows

Forms of the Stress Tensor in Standard Flows

Measuring Stresses in Standard Flows

Problems

Material Functions

Introduction and Definitions

Shear Flow

Elogational Flow

Problems

Experimental Data

Steady Shear Flow

Unsteady Shear FLow

Steady Elongational Flow

Unsteady Elongational Flow

Summary

Problems

No Memory: Generalized Newtonian Fluids

Constitutive Constraints

The GNF Constitutive Equation

Material Function Predictions

Example Flow Problems: Power-Law Generalized Newtonian Fluid

Limitations on GNF Models

Memory Effects: Generalized Linear-Visoelastic Fluids

Memory Effects

The Maxwell Models

The GLVE Constitutive Equation

Example Flow Problems: GLVE Fluid

Limitations on the GLVE Model

Problems

Introduction to More Advanced Constitutive Modeling

Finite Strain Measures

Lodge Equation

Convected Derivatives

Other Constitutive Approaches

Problems

Rheometry

Shear Flow

Elongational Flows

Flow Birefringence

Summary

Problems

Nomenclature

Glossary

Mathemats

Math Hints

Differential Operations in Curvlinear Coordinates

Projection of a Plane

Finite Deformation Tensors in Curvlinear Coordinates

Coordinate Transformations of Orthonormal Bases

Finding Principal Values

Contravariant/Covariant Transformations of Tensors

Problems--Mathematics Appendix

Predictions of Constitutive Equations

Optics of Birefringence

Light in a Vacuum

Light in an Isotropic Medium

Light in an Anisotropic Medium

Summary

Problems

References

Index

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