This book sets out to provide the theoretical foundations that will enable radio network planners to plan model and optimize radio networks using state-of-the-art findings from around the globe. It adopts a logical approach, beginning with the background to the present status of UMTS radio network technology, before devoting equal coverage to planning, modelling and optimization issues. All key planning areas are covered, including the technical and legal implications of network infrastructure sharing, hierarchical cell structure (HCS) deployment, ultra-high-site deployment and the benefits and limitations of using computer-aided design (CAD) software. Theoretical models for UMTS technology are explained as generic system models, stand-alone services and mixed services. Business modelling theory and methods are put forward, taking in propagation calculations, link-level, UMTS static and UMTS dynamic simulations. The challenges and goals of the automated optimization process are explored in depth using cutting-edge cost function and optimization algorithms. This theory-based resource containing prolific illustrative case studies explains the reasons for UMTS radio networks performance issues and how to use this foundational knowledge to model, plan and optimize present and future systems.

Maciej J. Nawrocki currently works for the Centre for Telecommunications Research at King’s College London. His areas of interest include WCDMA based cellular networks, CDMA network planning methods, optimization methods for 3G systems radio planning and, latterly, efficient modeling algorithms for UMTS radio network organization.

Mischa Dohler has a PhD from Kings College London where he has also held a lecturing post. His areas of interest include propagation, coding, transceiver design and link level simulations.

Hamid Aghvami is presently Director of the Centre for Telecommunications Research at King’s College London. He is considered a world expert in the field of personal and mobile radio communications and is a fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering, a fellow member of the IEE and senior member of the IEEE.

Preface.

Acknowledgments.

List of Abbreviations and Acronyms.

Notes on Editors and Contributors.

PART ONE INTRODUCTION.

1 Modern Approaches to Radio Network Modelling and Planning.

1.1 Historical aspects of radio network planning.

1.2 Importance and limitations of modelling approaches.

1.3 Manual versus automated planning.

References.

2 Introduction to the UTRA FDD Radio Interface.

2.1 Introduction to CDMA-based networks.

2.2 The UTRA FDD air interface.

2.3 UTRA FDD key mechanisms.

2.4 Parameters that require planning.

References.

3 Spectrum and Service Aspects.

3.1 Spectrum aspects.

3.2 Service features and characteristics.

References.

4 Trends for the Near Future.

4.1 Introduction.

4.2 Yet to be deployed systems.

4.3 Enhanced coverage.

4.4 Enhanced capacity.

4.5 Heterogeneous approaches.

4.6 Concluding Remarks.

References.

PART TWO MODELLING.

5 Propagation Modelling.

5.1 Radio channels in wideband CDMA systems.

5.2 Application of empirical and deterministic models in picocell planning.

5.3 Application of empirical and deterministic models in microcell planning.

5.4 Application of empirical and deterministic models in macrocell planning.

5.5 Propagation models of interfering signals.

5.6 Radio propagation model calibration.

Appendix: Calculation of inverse complementary cumulative normal distribution function.

References.

6 Theoretical Models for UMTS Radio Network.

6.1 Antenna modelling.

6.2 Link level model.

6.3 Capacity considerations.

6.4 Static system level model.

6.5 Dynamic system level model.

References.

7 Business Modelling Goals and Methods.

7.1 Business modelling goals.

7.2 Business modelling methods.

References.

PART THREE PLANNING.

8 Fundamentals of Business Planning for Mobile Networks.

8.1 Process description.

8.2 Technical investment calculation.

8.3 Revenue and non-technical related investment calculation.

8.4 Business planning results.

References.

9 Fundamentals of Network Characteristics.

9.1 Power characteristics estimation.

9.2 Network capacity considerations.

9.3 Required minimum network size for calculations.

References.

10 Fundamentals of Practical Radio Access Network Design.

10.1 Introduction.

10.2 Input parameters.

10.3 Network dimensioning.

10.4 Detailed network planning.

References.

11 Compatibility of UMTS Systems.

11.1 Scenarios of interference.

11.2 Approaches to compatibility calculations.

11.3 Internal electromagnetic compatibility.

11.4 External electromagnetic compatibility.

11.5 International cross-border coordination.

References.

12 Network Design – Specialised Aspects.

12.1 Network infrastructure sharing.

12.2 Adjacent channel interference control.

12.3 Fundamentals of Ultra High Site deployment.

References.

PART FOUR OPTIMISATION.

13 Introduction to Optimisation of the UMTS Radio Network.

13.1 Automation of radio network optimisation.

13.2 What should be optimised and why?.

13.3 How do we benchmark the optimisation results?.

References.

14 Theory of Automated Network Optimisation.

14.1 Introduction.

14.2 Optimisation parameters for static models.

14.3 Optimisation targets and objective function.

14.4 Network optimisation with evolutionary algorithms.

14.5 Optimisation without simulation.

14.6 Comparison and suitability of algorithms.

References .

15 Automatic Network Design.

15.1 The key challenges in UMTS network optimisation.

15.2 Engineering case studies for network optimisation.

15.3 Case study: optimising base station location and parameters.

References.

16 Auto-tuning of RRM Parameters in UMTS Networks.

16.1 Introduction.

16.2 Radio resource management for controlling network quality.

16.3 Auto-tuning of RRM parameters.

16.4 Optimisation strategies of the auto-tuning process.

16.5 Conclusions.

References.

17 UTRAN Transmission Infrastructure Planning and Optimisation.

17.1 Introduction.

17.2 Protocol solutions for UTRAN transmission infrastructure.

17.3 End-to-end transmission dimensioning approach.

17.4 Network solutions for UTRAN transmission infrastructure.

17.5 Efficient use of WIMAX in UTRAN.

17.6 Cost-effective radio solution for UTRAN infrastructure.

References.

18 Concluding Remarks.

Index.

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