Understanding Wood : A Craftsman's Guide to Wood Technology

by HOADLEY, R. BRUCE

• ISBN13: 9781561583584
• ISBN10: 1561583588
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2000-10-01
• Publisher: Taunton

Summary

In this essential reference for woodworkers, R. Bruce Hoadley explains everything from how trees grow to how best to cut, season, machine, join, bend, and finish wood. Why do miters open and glue joints loosen? How do you get a really sharp edge? Examples of problems and solutions help woodworkers puzzle through their own projects, while full-color photos and helpful tables illustrate key points.

Author Biography

R. Bruce Hoadley is professor of wood science and technology at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst.

Table of Contents

Preface	3	(1)
Foreword	4	(2)
PART ONE THE NATURE OF WOOD AND ITS PROPERTIES
The Nature of Wood	6	(18)
Growth rings	10	(1)
Grain	10	(1)
Sapwood and heartwood	11	(1)
Structural arrangement of growth rings and rays	12	(2)
Density and specific gravity	14	(2)
Systematic classification	16	(1)
Cellular structure	17	(1)
Softwoods	18	(2)
Hardwoods	20	(4)
Figure in Wood	24	(22)
Knots	32	(4)
Abnormal wood	36	(4)
Fungi	40	(4)
Insect damage	44	(2)
Wood Identification	46	(28)
What to look for	50	(2)
Physical properties	52	(1)
Identification techniques	52	(3)
Macrophotographs	55	(19)
Strength of Wood	74	(28)
Compression parallel to the grain	78	(2)
Compression perpendicular to the grain	80	(3)
Tension perpendicular to the grain	83	(1)
Tension parallel to the grain	84	(1)
Shear perpendicular to the grain	85	(1)
Shear parallel to the gain	85	(2)
Bending theory	87	(3)
The carrying capacity and stiffness of beams	90	(4)
Factors affecting strength properties	94	(5)
Compression failures and brashness	99	(1)
Structural grades	100	(2)
Other Properties of Wood	102	(8)
Thermal conductivity	103	(1)
Effect of temperature on wood	104	(1)
Burning of wood	104	(1)
Fluorescence	105	(2)
Psychological properties	107	(3)
Water and Wood	110	(22)
Free water and bound water	112	(1)
Equilibrium moisture content	112	(2)
Green vs. air-dried vs. kiln-dried	114	(2)
Dimensional change in wood	116	(2)
Estimating shrinkage and swelling	118	(5)
Uneven shrinkage and swelling	123	(9)
PART TWO BASICS OF WOOD TECHNOLOGY
Coping with Dimensional Change in Wood	132	(14)
Preshrinking	133	(1)
Control of moisture sorption	133	(1)
Mechanical restraint	134	(2)
Chemical stabilization	136	(3)
Design	139	(2)
Monitoring moisture	141	(4)
The moisture ``widget''	145	(1)
Drying Wood	146	(12)
How wood dries	148	(1)
The dry kiln	149	(2)
Drying your own wood	151	(5)
Storing lumber	156	(2)
Machining and Bending Wood	158	(22)
Machining wood	159	(18)
Bending solid wood	177	(3)
Joining Wood	180	(12)
The elements of joints	181	(2)
Basic types of joints	183	(1)
Worked joints	183	(5)
Fastened joints	188	(4)
Adhesive and Gluing	192	(6)
Adhesive joints	193	(1)
Gluing fundamentals	194	(4)
Finishing and Protecting Wood	198	(14)
Surface condition	199	(3)
No treatment	202	(3)
Coating treatments	205	(1)
Penetrating finishes	206	(1)
Combinations and compromise	207	(1)
Slowing moisture exchange	207	(2)
Evaluation of finished surfaces	209	(1)
Preservative treatment of wood	209	(3)
PART THREE THE WOODWORKER'S RAW MATERIALS
Lumber	212	(12)
Lumber measure	216	(2)
Lumber classification and grading	218	(6)
Veneer and Plywood	224	(10)
Plywood	229	(1)
Classes of plywood	230	(4)
Composite Panels	234	(6)
Particleboard	235	(1)
Wafer- and strand-based panels	236	(1)
Fiber-based panels	236	(4)
Engineer Wood	240	(6)
Finger-jointed lumber	241	(1)
Glulam	242	(1)
Structural composite lumber	243	(1)
I-joists	244	(2)
Finding Wood	246	(8)
Trees	247	(2)
Recycling used wood	249	(1)
Local sawmills	250	(1)
Lumberyards	251	(1)
The woodworkers' retail outlets	252	(1)
Industrial arts teachers	253	(1)
Magazines	253	(1)
Specialty woods	253	(1)
The Yellow Pages and other listings	253	(1)
Internet	253	(1)
Lumbermen	253	(1)
Afterword: Forests past and future	254	(3)
Appendix 1: Commercial names for lumber	257	(3)
Appendix 2: Finding the specific gravity of wood	260	(2)
Glossary	262	(10)
Bibliography	272	(3)
Index	275