Unix Unbounded: A Beginning Approach

by Afzal, Amir

• ISBN13: 9780130200303
• ISBN10: 0130200301
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1999-11-01
• Publisher: Pearson College Div

Summary

For undergraduate, introductory/ intermediate-level courses in UNIX Operating Systems. May also be useful in Computer Operating System and C Language Under UNIX courses. A true text/tutorialrather than an operating system manual or UNIX referencethis volume covers the necessary topics for the UNIX user to function independently and perform most of the everyday, routine tasks, and develops a firm foundation for exploring more advanced topics. To ensure that students develop a solid understandingand appreciationof where UNIX fits into to the operating system mix, it covers operating system concepts in general before focusing on UNIX and the UNIX environment.

Table of Contents

First Things First	1	(18)
Introduction	3	(1)
Computers: An Overview	3	(1)
Computer Hardware	4	(5)
Input Devices	5	(1)
Processor Unit	5	(1)
Internal Memory	6	(3)
External Storage	9	(1)
Output Devices	9	(1)
Process Operation	9	(2)
Performance Measurement	11	(1)
What Is Software?	11	(8)
System Software	12	(5)
Application Software	17	(2)
The Unix Operating System	19	(10)
The Unix Operating System: A Brief History	21	(1)
UNIX System V	22	(1)
Berkeley UNIX	22	(1)
UNIX Standards	22	(1)
Other Unix Systems	22	(1)
AIX	23	(1)
HP-UX	23	(1)
LINUX	23	(1)
Solaris	23	(1)
UNIXWARE	23	(1)
Overview of the UNIX Operating System	23	(2)
UNIX Features	25	(4)
Portability	25	(1)
Multiuser Capability	25	(1)
Multitasking Capability	25	(1)
Hierarchical File System	25	(1)
Device-Independent Input and Output Operations	25	(1)
User Interface: shell	25	(1)
Utilities	26	(1)
System Services	26	(3)
Getting Started	29	(20)
Establishing Contact with UNIX	31	(3)
Logging In	31	(1)
Changing Your Password: The passwd Command	32	(2)
Logging Off	34	(1)
Using Some Simple Commands	34	(5)
The Command Line	34	(1)
Basic Command Line Structure	35	(1)
Date and Time Display: The date Command	36	(1)
Information on Users: The who Command	36	(2)
Display a Calendar: The cal Command	38	(1)
Getting Help	39	(1)
Using the learn Command	39	(1)
Using the help Command	39	(1)
Getting More Information: The UNIX Manual	39	(1)
Using the Electronic Manual: The man Command	40	(1)
Correcting Typing Mistakes	40	(2)
Using shells and Utilities	42	(1)
Kinds of shells	42	(1)
More About the Logging in Process	43	(6)
The vi Editor: First Look	49	(24)
What Is an Editor?	51	(1)
UNIX-Supported Editors	51	(1)
The vi Editor	52	(1)
The vi Modes of Operation	52	(1)
Basic vi Editor Commands	53	(14)
Access to the vi Editor	54	(1)
Text Input Mode	55	(5)
Command Mode	60	(7)
The Memory Buffer	67	(6)
Introduction to the UNIX File System	73	(32)
Disk Organization	75	(1)
File Types Under UNIX	75	(1)
All About Directories	76	(5)
The Home Directory	77	(1)
The Working Directory	77	(1)
Understanding Paths and Pathnames	78	(1)
Using File and Directory Names	79	(2)
Directory Commands	81	(13)
Displaying Directory Pathname: The pwd Command	81	(1)
Changing Your Working Directory: The cd Command	81	(1)
Creating Directories	82	(3)
Removing Directories: The rmdir Command	85	(1)
Listing Directories: The ls Command	85	(9)
Displaying File contents	94	(1)
Printing File Contents	95	(3)
Printing: The lp Command	95	(2)
Cancelling a Printing Request: The cancel Command	97	(1)
Getting the Printer Status: The lpstat Command	97	(1)
Deleting Files	98	(7)
Before Removing Files	100	(5)
The vi Editor: Last Look	105	(28)
More About the vi Editor	107	(2)
Invoking the vi Editor	107	(1)
Using the vi Invocation Options	108	(1)
Editing Multiple Files	108	(1)
Rearranging Text	109	(3)
Moving Lines: dd and p or P	110	(1)
Copying Lines: yy and p or P	111	(1)
Scope of the vi Operators	112	(4)
Using the Delete Operator with Scope Keys	112	(2)
Using the Yank Operator with Scope Keys	114	(1)
Using the Change Operator with Scope Keys	115	(1)
Using Buffers in vi	116	(3)
The Numbered Buffers	116	(3)
The Alphabetic Buffers	119	(1)
The cursor Positioning Keys	119	(1)
Customizing the vi Editor	120	(7)
The Options Formats	121	(1)
Setting the vi Environment	122	(2)
Line Length and Wraparound	124	(1)
Abbreviations and Macros	124	(2)
The .exrc File	126	(1)
The Last of the Great vi Commands	127	(6)
Running shell Commands	127	(1)
Joining Lines	128	(1)
Searching and Replacing	128	(5)
The UNIX File System Continued	133	(42)
File Reading	135	(2)
The vi Editor Read-Only Version: The view Command	135	(1)
Reading Files: The pg Command	135	(1)
Specifying Page or Line Number	136	(1)
shell Redirection	137	(5)
Output Redirection	137	(2)
Input Redirection	139	(1)
The cat Command Revisited	139	(3)
Enhanced File Printing	142	(3)
File Manipulation Commands	145	(7)
Copying Files: The cp Command	145	(2)
Moving Files: The mv Command	147	(1)
Linking Files: The ln Command	148	(2)
Counting Words: The wc Command	150	(2)
Filename Substitution	152	(3)
The ? Metacharacter	152	(1)
The * Metacharacter	153	(1)
The [ ] Metacharacters	153	(1)
Metacharacters and Hidden Files	154	(1)
More File Manipulation Commands	155	(9)
Finding Files: The find Command	155	(4)
Displaying the Beginning of a File: The head Command	159	(1)
Displaying the End of a File: The tail Command	160	(1)
Selection of Portions of a File: The cut Command	161	(1)
Joining Files: The paste Command	162	(1)
Another Pager: The more Command	163	(1)
UNIX Internals: The file System	164	(11)
UNIX Disk Structure	164	(1)
Putting It Together	165	(10)
Exploring the shell	175	(46)
The Unix shell	178	(5)
Understanding the shell's Major Functions	179	(1)
Displaying Information: The echo Command	180	(1)
Removing Metacharacters' Special Meanings	181	(2)
shell Variables	183	(6)
Displaying and Removing Variables: The set and unset Commands	184	(1)
Assigning Values to Variables	184	(1)
Displaying the Values of shell Variables	185	(1)
Understanding the Standard shell Variables	186	(3)
More Metacharacters	189	(3)
Executing the Commands: Using Single Back Quotation Marks	189	(1)
Sequencing the Commands: Using the Semicolon	190	(1)
Grouping the Commands: Using Parentheses	190	(1)
Background Processing: Using the Ampersand	190	(1)
Changing the Commands: Using the Pipe Operator	191	(1)
More UNIX Utilities	192	(11)
Timing a Delay: The sleep Command	192	(1)
Displaying the PID: The ps Command	192	(2)
Keep on Running: The nohup Command	194	(1)
Terminating a Process: The kill Command	194	(2)
Splitting the Output: The tee Command	196	(1)
File Searching: The grep Command	197	(2)
Sorting Text Files: The sort Command	199	(2)
Sorting on a Specified Field	201	(2)
Startup Files	203	(2)
System Profile	203	(1)
User Profile	204	(1)
The Korn shell (ksh)	205	(6)
The Korn shell (ksh) Variables	205	(1)
The Korn shell (ksh) Options	205	(1)
Commands History (ksh): The history Command	206	(1)
Redoing Commands (ksh): The r (redo) Command	207	(1)
Aliases (ksh): The alias Command	208	(1)
Command Line Editing (ksh)	208	(2)
Login and Startup: The Korn shell Style	210	(1)
Adding Event Numbers to the Prompt (ksh)	211	(1)
UNIX Process Management	211	(10)
UNIX Communication	221	(30)
Ways to Communicate	223	(5)
Using Two-Way Communication: The write Command	223	(1)
Inhibiting Messages: The mesg Command	224	(1)
Displaying News Items: The news Command	225	(1)
Broadcasting Messages: The wall Command	226	(1)
Using Two-Way Communication: The talk Command	227	(1)
Electronic Mail	228	(5)
Using Mailboxes	229	(1)
Sending Mail	229	(1)
Reading Mail	230	(2)
Exiting mailx: The q and x Commands	232	(1)
mailx INPUT Mode	233	(4)
Mailing Existing Files	236	(1)
Sending Mail to a Group of Users	237	(1)
mailx Command Mode	237	(6)
Ways to Read/Display Your Mail	238	(2)
Ways to Delete Your Mail	240	(1)
Ways to Save Your Mail	241	(1)
Ways to Send a Reply	242	(1)
Customizing the mailx Environment	243	(2)
shell Variables Used by mailx	243	(2)
Setting Up the .mailrc File	245	(1)
Communications Outside the Local System	245	(6)
Program Development	251	(12)
Program Development	253	(1)
Programming Languages	253	(2)
Low-level Languages	254	(1)
High-level Languages	254	(1)
Programming Mechanics	255	(3)
Steps to Creating an Executable Program	256	(1)
Compilers/Interpreters	257	(1)
A Simple C Program	258	(3)
Correcting Mistakes	259	(1)
Redirecting the Standard Error	260	(1)
UNIX Programming Tracking Utilities	261	(2)
The make Utility	261	(1)
The SCCS Utility	262	(1)
shell Programming	263	(44)
Understanding UNIX shell Programming Language: an Introduction	265	(3)
Writing a Simple Script	265	(1)
Executing a Script	266	(2)
Writing More shell Scripts	268	(7)
Using Special Characters	269	(2)
Logging Off in Style	271	(1)
Executing Commands: The dot Command	272	(1)
Reading Inputs: The read Command	273	(2)
Exploring the shell Programming Basics	275	(18)
Comments	275	(1)
Variables	275	(2)
The Command Line Parameters	277	(3)
Conditions and Tests	280	(5)
Testing Different Categories	285	(5)
Parameter Substitution	290	(3)
Arithmetic Operations	293	(3)
Arithmetic Operations (sh): The expr Command	293	(2)
Arithmetic Operations (ksh): The let Command	295	(1)
The loop Constructs	296	(5)
The For Loop: The for-in-done Construct	296	(1)
The While loop: The while-do-done Construct	297	(2)
The Until loop: The until-do-done Construct	299	(2)
Debugging shell Programs	301	(6)
The sh Command	301	(6)
shell Scripts: Writing Applications	307	(42)
Writing Applications	309	(2)
The lock1 Program	309	(2)
Unix Internals: The Signals	311	(3)
Trapping the Signals: The trap Command	312	(1)
Resetting the Traps	312	(1)
Setting Terminal Options: The stty Command	313	(1)
More About Terminals	314	(5)
The Terminals Database: The terminfo File	314	(1)
Setting the Terminal Capabilities: The tput Command	315	(1)
Solving the lock1 Program Problems	316	(3)
More Commands	319	(3)
Multiway Branching: The case Construct	319	(2)
Revisiting the greetings Program	321	(1)
A Menu-Driven Application	322	(27)
The Hierarchy Chart	322	(5)
The ERROR Program	327	(1)
The EDIT Program	327	(1)
The ADD Program	328	(4)
Record Retrieval	332	(1)
The DISPLAY Program	332	(4)
The UPDATE Program	336	(3)
The DELETE Program	339	(3)
The REPORTS Program	342	(1)
The REPORT_NO Program	342	(7)
Farewell to UNIX	349	(34)
Disk Space	351	(1)
Finding Available Disk Space: The df Command	351	(1)
Summarizing Disk Usage: The du Command	352	(1)
More UNIX Commands	352	(9)
Displaying Banners: The banner Command	352	(1)
Running Commands at a Later Time: The at Command	353	(2)
Revealing the Command Type: The type Command	355	(1)
Timing Programs: The time Command	355	(1)
Reminder Service: The calendar Command	356	(1)
Detailed Information on Users: The finger Command	356	(3)
Saving and Distributing Files: The tar Command	359	(2)
Spelling Error Correction	361	(2)
Creating Your Own Spelling List	362	(1)
UNIX Security	363	(4)
Password Security	364	(1)
File Security	364	(2)
Directory Permission	366	(1)
The Super-user	366	(1)
File Encryption: The crypt Command	366	(1)
Using FTP	367	(9)
FTP Basics	368	(6)
Anonymous FTP	374	(2)
Working with Compressed Files	376	(7)
The compress and uncompressed Commands	376	(7)
Appendix A: Command Index	383	(4)
Appendix B: Command Index by Category	387	(4)
Appendix C: Command Summary	391	(14)
Appendix D: Summary of vi Editor Commands	405	(6)
Appendix E: ASCII Table	411	(6)
Appendix F: Reference Books	417	(1)
Index	418