Urban Aerosols and Their Impacts Lessons Learned from the World Trade Center Tragedy

by Gaffney, Jeffrey S.; Marley, Nancy A.

• ISBN13: 9780841239166
• ISBN10: 0841239169
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2005-12-15
• Publisher: American Chemical Society

Summary

Urban aerosols have been identified as important species of concern due totheir potential health and environmental impacts. This symposium series bookwill describe the basic chemistry and physics determining the impacts of aerosolspecies and will highlight the research results from the measurements that weretaken following the collapse of the World Trade Center (WTC) on 9/11/01. The WTCtragedy led to the release of millions of pounds of debris aside from thestructural steel, part of which was widely dissipated as aerosols andparticulates in the debris cloud over lower Manhattan. Additionally, continuingfires under the debris led to the release of fine combustion related aerosolsfor a considerable time period in this urban environment. Held during the weekof the second anniversary of the WTC tragedy in NYC, the symposium book willdescribe various aspects of the event, aerosol and gas exposures, and therelated impacts of these aerosols. The book contributions will highlight effortswork from atmospheric chemists, meteorologists, health workers, and biologistsfor a timely compilation of what is known and not known about the compositionand transport of tropospheric aerosols in urban environs, particularly thosefrom the WTC collapse. Particular interest is in the acute and chronicenvironmental effects of these aerosols as they impact human health. Chaptersincluded in the book will also address aerosol lifetimes, aerosol transport andremoval processes, acute and chronic health effects to fine aerosol andparticulate exposures, and the environmental impacts of aerosols.

Table of Contents

Preface	ix
Overview
Introduction to Urban Aerosols and Their Impacts	2	(21)
Nancy A. Marley
Jeffrey S. Gaffney
An Overview of the Environmental Conditions and Human Exposures That Occurred Post September 11, 2001	23	(17)
Paul J. Lioy
Panos G. Georgopoulos
Clifford P. Weisel
World Trade Center Dust Characterization
Spectroscopic and X-ray Diffraction Analyses of Asbestos in the World Trade Center Dust: Asbestos Content of the Settled Dust	40	(26)
Gregg A. Swayze
Roger N. Clark
Stephen J. Sutley
Todd M. Hoefen
Geoffrey S. Plumlee
Gregory P. Meeker
Isabelle K. Brownfield
K. Eric Livo
Laurie C. Morath
Environmental Mapping of the World Trade Center Area with Imaging Spectroscopy after the September 11, 2001 Attack. The Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer Mapping	66	(18)
Roger N. Clark
Gregg A. Swayze
Todd M. Hoefen
Robert O. Green
K. Eric Livo
Gregory P. Meeker
Stephen J. Sutley
Geoffrey S. Plumlee
Betina Pavri
Chuck Sarture
Joe Boardman
Isabelle K. Brownfield
Laurie C. Morath
Materials Characterization of Dusts Generated by the Collapse of the World Trade Center	84	(19)
Gregory P. Meeker
Stephen J. Sutley
Isabelle K. Brownfield
Heather A. Lowers
Amy M. Bern
Gregg A. Swayze
Todd M. Hoefen
Geoffrey S. Plumlee
Roger N. Clark
Carol A. Gent
Persistent Organic Pollutants in Dusts That Settled at Indoor and Outdoor Locations in Lower Manhattan after September 11, 2001	103	(11)
John H. Offenberg
Steven J. Eisenreich
Cari L. Gigliotti
Lung Chi Chen
Mitch D. Cohen
Glenn R. Chee
Colette M. Prophete
Judy Q. Xiong
Chunli Quan
Xiaopeng Lou
Mianhua Zhong
John Gorczynski
Lih-Ming Yiin
Vito Illacqua
Clifford P. Weisel
Paul J. Lioy
Characterization of Size-Fractionated World Trade Center Dust and Estimation of Relative Dust Contribution to Ambient Particulate Concentrations	114	(21)
Polina B. Maciejczyk
Rolf L. Zeisler
Jing-Shiang Hwang
George D. Thurston
Lung Chi Chen
World Trade Center Fine Particle and Volatile Organic Emissions
Characterization of the Plumes Passing over Lower Manhattan after the World Trade Center Disaster	135	(17)
Robert Z. Leifer
Graham S. Bench
Thomas A. Cahill
Very Fine Aerosols from the World Trade Center Collapse Piles: Anaerobic Incineration?	152	(12)
Thomas A. Cahill
Steven S. Cliff
James F. Shackelford
Michael L. Meier
Michael R. Dunlap
Kevin D. Perry
Graham S. Bench
Robert Z. Leifer
Semivolatile Organic Acids and Levoglucosan in New York City Air Following September 11, 2001	164	(26)
Michael D. Hays
Leonard Stockburger
John D. Lee
Alan F. Vette
Erick C. Swartz
World Trade Center Exposure Assessments
Evaluation of Potential Human Exposures to Airborne Particulate Matter Following the Collapse of the World Trade Center Towers	190	(48)
Joseph P. Pinto
Lester D. Grant
Alan F. Vette
Alan H. Huber
Inorganic Chemical Composition and Chemical Reactivity of Settled Dust Generated by the World Trade Center Building Collapse	238	(39)
Geoffrey S. Plumlee
Philip L. Hageman
Paul J. Lamothe
Thomas L. Ziegler
Gregory P. Meeker
Peter M. Theodorakos
Isabelle K. Brownfield
Monique G. Adams
Gregg A. Swayze
Todd M. Hoefen
Joseph E. Taggart
Roger N. Clark
Stephen E. Wilson
Stephen J. Sutley
World Trade Center Environmental Contaminant Database: A Publicly Available Air Quality Dataset for the New York City Area	277	(9)
Steven N. Chillrud
Alison S. Geyh
Diane K. Levy
Elsie M. Chettiar
Damon A. Chaky
Aerosol Transport Issues
The Importance of the Chemical and Physical Properties of Aerosols in Determining Their Transport and Residence Times in the Troposphere	286	(14)
Jeffrey S. Gaffney
Nancy A. Marley
210Po/210Pb in Outdoor-Indoor PM-2.5 and PM-1.0 in Prague, Wintertime 2003	300	(8)
Jan Hovorka
Robert F. Holub
Martin Branis
Bruce D. Honeyman
Estimates of the Vertical Transport of Urban Aerosol Particles	308
Edward E. Hindman
Indexes
Author Index	323	(2)
Subject Index	325