Urban Design in the Real Estate Development Process

by Tiesdell, Steve; Adams, David

• ISBN13: 9781405192194
• ISBN10: 1405192194
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2011-06-20
• Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell

Summary

Urban design enables better places to be created for people and is thus seen in Urban Design in the Real Estate Development Process as a place-making activity, rather than the application of architectural aesthetics. Urban design policy can change the 'decision environment' of developers, financiers, designers and other actors in the real estate development process to make them take place-making more seriously. This book reports diverse international experience from Europe and North America on the role and significance of urban design in the real estate development process and explores how higher quality development and better places can be achieved through public policy. The book is focused on four types of policy tool or instrument that have been deployed to promote better urban design: those that seek to shape, regulate or provide stimulus to real estate markets along with those aim to build capacity to achieve these. Urban design is therefore seen as a form of public policy that seeks to steer real estate development towards policy-shaped rather than market-led outcomes. The editors set the examples, case studies and evidence from international contributors within a substantive discussion of the impact of urban design policy tools and actions in specific development contexts. Contributions from leading urban design theorists and practitioners explore how: Masterplanning and infrastructure provision encourage high quality design Design codes reconcile developers' needs for certainty and flexibility Clear policy combined with firm regulation can transform developer behaviour Intelligent parcelisation can craft the character of successful new urban districts Powerful real estates interests can capture regulatory initiatives Stimulus instruments can encourage good design Development competitions need careful management Design review can foster developer commitment to design excellence Speculative housebuilders respond in varied ways to the brownfield design challenge Physical-financial models could help in assessing the benefits of design investment Urban design can add value to the benefit of developers and cities as a whole.

Author Biography

Steve Tiesdell, Senior Lecturer in Public Policy, Urban Studies, University of Glasgow

David Adams, Ian Mactaggart Professor of Property and Urban Studies, University of Glasgow

Table of Contents

Preface	p. xi
Acknowledgements	p. xiii
Contributors	p. xiv
Real Estate Development, Urban Design and the Tools Approach to Public Policy	p. 1
Introduction	p. 1
Real estate development	p. 3
Opportunity space theory	p. 7
The tools approach to public policy	p. 11
Shaping instruments	p. 15
Regulatory instruments	p. 19
Stimulus instruments	p. 24
Capacity-building instruments	p. 25
Developers' decision environments	p. 29
Masterplanning and Infrastructure in New Communities in Europe	p. 34
Introduction	p. 34
Differences between the UK and Europe	p. 37
Challenges for sustainable development	p. 38
European success stories	p. 43
Joined-up planning in the Randstad	p. 48
Conclusion: lessons for the UK	p. 51
Design Coding: Mediating the Tyrannies of Practice	p. 54
Introduction	p. 54
The three tyrannies	p. 55
From development standards to design codes	p. 60
The research findings	p. 64
Conclusion	p. 71
Proactive Engagement in Urban Design - The Case of Chelmsford	p. 74
Introduction	p. 74
Making the turnaround	p. 75
The need for negotiation	p. 79
Two examples	p. 79
Reflections on the developers' response	p. 85
Conclusion	p. 90
Plot Logic: Character-Building Through Creative Parcelisation	p. 92
Introduction	p. 91
Setting the rules	p. 93
Parcelling and subdivision strategies	p. 94
The primacy of the urban realm	p. 96
The pitfalls of flexibility	p. 98
Economic viability of low-scale, densely distributed buildings	p. 101
Alternative models	p. 102
Conclusion	p. 112
The Business of Codes: Urban Design Regulation in an Entrepreneurial Society	p. 114
Introduction	p. 114
Zoning America	p. 115
Developing America	p. 121
Designing the American future	p. 128
Conclusion	p. 134
Good Design in the Redevelopment of Brownfield Sites	p. 137
Introduction	p. 137
Redeveloping and reusing brownfield sites: the policy and regulatory context	p. 139
Stimulus instruments in practice	p. 143
Conclusion	p. 157
Competitions as a Component of Design-Led Development (Place) Procurement	p. 159
Introduction	p. 159
The place promoter	p. 161
The deliverer and competition participant	p. 162
The (end) place matters most	p. 167
The competition	p. 167
Conclusion	p. 180
Design Review - An Effective Means of Raising Design Quality?	p. 182
Introduction	p. 182
Origins, emergence and critiques of design review internationally	p. 183
The typology of design review in England, Scotland and Wales	p. 185
National design review: the genesis of CABE's procedures and processes	p. 186
How design review can increase the opportunity space for design	p. 190
The effectiveness of design review	p. 193
Conclusions: design review and the quality of development control	p. 196
'Business as Usual?' - Exploring the Design Response of UK Speculative Housebuilders to the Brownfield Development Challenge	p. 199
Introduction	p. 199
The design debate around speculative housing development	p. 201
The conventional approach to design and construction in speculative housebuilding	p. 206
Responding to the challenge of brownfield development	p. 210
Conclusion	p. 215
Physical-Financial Modelling as an Aid to Developers' Decision-Making	p. 219
Introduction	p. 219
Design quality and development viability	p. 219
Visualisation and financial appraisal	p. 225
Conclusion	p. 233
Design Champions - Fostering a Place-Making Culture and Capacity	p. 236
Introduction	p. 236
The UK local government context	p. 238
The design champion as change agent	p. 239
Edinburgh's design champion initiative	p. 244
Conclusion	p. 252
Value Creation Through Urban Design	p. 258
Introduction	p. 258
Design and development projects	p. 260
Strategies for enhancing value	p. 270
Coupling urban design and development	p. 278
Connecting Urban Design to Real Estate Development	p. 282
Introduction	p. 282
Urban design and development economics	p. 283
Opportunity space and developer-designer relations	p. 286
Policy choices and policy design	p. 291
Towards a research agenda	p. 297
References	p. 299
Index	p. 316
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