Voices of Ancient Philosophy An Introductory Reader

by Annas, Julia

• ISBN13: 9780195126952
• ISBN10: 0195126955
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2000-09-07
• Publisher: Oxford University Press

Summary

Edited by one of the most renowned scholars in the field, Voices of Ancient Philosophy: An Introductory Reader is a unique and accessible introduction to the richness of ancient philosophy. Featuring a topical--as opposed to chronological--organization, this text introduces students to thewide range of approaches and traditions in ancient philosophy. In each section Annas presents the ancient debates on a particular philosophical topic, drawing on a greater diversity of ancient sources than a chronological approach allows. The book is divided into six sections: Fate and Freedom;Reason and Emotion; Knowledge, Belief, and Skepticism; Metaphysical Questions; How Should You Live?; and Society and the State. Annas includes a generous selection of the works of Plato and Aristotle, as well as those of the Stoics, Epicureans, and Skeptics. She also includes selections from lessfamiliar philosophers and from authors in whose works philosophical issues arise, such as poets, medical writers, historians, and Jewish and Christian writers. The volume features biographical sketches of the philosophers, a timeline, and short discussions of the major movements in ancientphilosophy. An excellent text for courses in ancient philosophy and history of philosophy, Voices of Ancient Philosophy: An Introductory Reader will also be of interest to scholars and general readers.

Author Biography

Julia Annas is Regents Professor of Philosophy at the University of Arizona.

Table of Contents

List of Boxed Material	xi
Preface	xiii
Introduction	xv
Chronological Sketch of Ancient Philosophy	xix
Time Line	xxiii
Fate and Freedom
Iliad 16, 512--548	3	(3)
Homer
Zeus Answers a Few awkward Questions	6	(6)
Lucian
Praise, Blame, and Responsibility for Our Actions	12	(23)
Nicomachean Ethics III, 5	13	(3)
Aristotle
The Stoics on Fate	16	(1)
Alexander of Aphrodisias On Fate 22	17	(1)
The Stoics on Moral Responsibility
On Fate 40--43	18	(2)
Cicero
Attic Nights 7.2, 6--13	20	(2)
Aulus Gellius
Alexander of Aphrodisias On Fate 11--14	22	(8)
On the Nature 34, 26--30	30	(2)
Epicurus
Diogenes of Oenoanda Epicurean Inscription fragment 54, II--III	32	(1)
On the Nature of Things 2, 251--293	33	(2)
Lucretius
Responsibility for the Lives We Lead	35	(8)
Republic 10 (the Myth of Er)	36	(6)
Plato
Handbook of Platonism 26	42	(1)
Alcinous
Divine Foreknowledge of the Future	43	(13)
Alexander of Aphrodisias On Fate 30--31	43	(5)
The Consolation of Philosophy 5	48	(8)
Boethius
Is the Future Fixed?	56	(15)
On Interpretation 9	56	(5)
Aristotle
The Master Argument (Epictetus, Discourse II. 19, 1--5)	61	(1)
Diodorus Cronus
The Stoics on Possibility and Necessity	62	(1)
On Fate 12--15	63	(3)
Cicero
Alexander of Aphrodisias On Fate 10	66	(5)
Reason and Emotion
Explanation of Inner Conflict	71	(13)
Republic 4, 436a--444a	71	(9)
Plato
Republic 9, 588b--590d	80	(2)
Plato
Phaedrus 253d--254e	82	(2)
Plato
What is an Emotion?	84	(26)
Rhetoric II, part of 1, 2, 5, 8	85	(7)
Aristotle
Nicomachean Ethics II, 1, parts of 2 and 3; IV, 5	92	(5)
Aristotle
The Early Stoics on the Emotions	97	(3)
On Anger I, 7--9, 12--14, 17--18; II, 1--4, 6--10, 28	100	(10)
Seneca
A Test Case	110	(8)
Medea 1021--1080	111	(3)
Euripides
Discourses I, 28, 1--9; II, 17, 17--25	114	(2)
Epictetus
On the Doctrines of Hippocrates and Plato III, 3, 13--24	116	(2)
Galen
Reason, The Emotions, and Faith	118	(13)
The Fourth Book of Maccabees selections	119	(12)
Knowledge, Belief, and Skepticism
Knowledge and Expertise	131	(12)
Laches 189d--201c	132	(11)
Plato
Knowledge and True Belief	143	(13)
Meno 80a--86d, 96b--99e	143	(11)
Plato
Theaetetus 200d--201c	154	(2)
Plato
Relativism	156	(10)
Theaetetus 166e--172b, 177c--179b	158	(8)
Plato
The Structure of a System of Knowledge	166	(34)
Republic 475b--484a, 507b--511e, 514a--518d, 523a--525b, 531c--535a	166	(21)
Plato
Posterior Analytics I, 1--3; II, 19	187	(6)
Aristotle
Metaphysics I, 1--3, II, 1	193	(4)
Aristotle
Parts of Animals I, 5	197	(3)
Aristotle
Knowledge from Experience	200	(7)
Epicurus on Knowledge	201	(4)
The Stoics on Knowledge	205	(2)
Skepticism	207	(20)
Theaetetus 148c--151d	209	(4)
Plato
Outlines of Pyrrhonism I, 1--30, 100--117; III, 1--12	213	(14)
Sextus Empiricus
Metaphysical Questions
Reality and Paradox	227	(7)
The Way of Truth fragments 1--8	227	(5)
Parmenides
Zeno of Elea Arguments against Motion	232	(2)
Plato's Forms: For and Against	234	(25)
Phaedo 73c--76e	235	(4)
Plato
Phaedo 78c--79a	239	(2)
Plato
Symposium 209e--212a	241	(2)
Plato
Republic 596a--597e	243	(3)
Plato
Parmenides 128e--135c	246	(8)
Plato
Diogenes of Sinope Lives of the Philosophers VI, 53	254	(1)
The Stoics on Plato's Forms	254	(1)
On Forms	255	(4)
Aristotle
Cause and Explanation	259	(21)
Hippocratic Writings The Sacred Disease selections	259	(5)
Phaedo 96a--101e	264	(5)
Plato
On Coming-to-Be and Passing-Away II, 9	269	(1)
Aristotle
Physics II, 3, 7--9	270	(7)
Aristotle
Life of Pericles 6	277	(1)
Plutarch
The Epicureans against Teleology	278	(2)
Time	280	(17)
Physics IV, 10--11, 14	280	(5)
Aristotle
The Stoics on Time	285	(2)
Confessions XI, selections	287	(10)
Augustine
How Should You Live?
The Starting Point For Ethical Reflection	297	(5)
Rhetoric I, 5 (extract)	297	(2)
Aristotle
Histories I, 29--34	299	(3)
Herodotus
The First Theories: Virtue and Happiness	302	(17)
Democritus Fragments on Ethics	304	(1)
Gorgias 468e--479e	305	(14)
Plato
The Major Theories	319	(32)
Nicomachean Ethics I, 1, 2, 4, 5, 7--10	319	(9)
Aristotle
The Stoics
On Final Ends III, 16--17, 20--26, 32--39, 42--71	328	(10)
Cicero
The Epicureans
Letter to Menoeceus 121--135	338	(3)
Epicurus
On Final Ends I, 29--33, 37--70	341	(10)
Cicero
Different Directions	351	(22)
Theaetetus 172b--177c	351	(6)
Plato
The Gospel of Matthew 5, 2--20	357	(3)
Enneads I, 4	360	(13)
Plotinus
Society and the State
Is Nature or Convention the Basis of Society and the State?	373	(30)
Protagoras 320c--323c	373	(2)
Plato
Antiphon the Sophist Fragment 7	375	(2)
Gorgias 482e--484c	377	(2)
Plato
Crito 50a--54e	379	(4)
Plato
Republic 358c--360d	383	(4)
Plato
Politics I, 2	387	(3)
Aristotle
Politics III, 9	390	(3)
Aristotle
Epicureans
Principal Doctrines 31--38	393	(2)
Epicurus
Diogenes of Oenoanda Epicurean Inscription fragment 56	395	(1)
On Duties III, 37--39	395	(2)
Cicero
Stoicism
On Laws I, 17--35, 42--45	397	(6)
Cicero
Political Rule: Expertise and the Rule of Law	403	(24)
Twofold Arguments 7	404	(1)
Republic 488a--489c	405	(2)
Plato
Statesman 291d--303b	407	(13)
Plato
Politics I, 1; III, 4, 11	420	(7)
Aristotle
Democracy and the Best Form of Government	427	(26)
Histories III, 80--83	427	(3)
Herodotus
The Old Oligarch Selections	430	(4)
Politics IV, 3, 4, 7--9, 11	434	(9)
Aristotle
Histories VI, 2	443	(10)
Polybius
Further Reading	453