Water Quality Modeling for Wasteload Allocations and Tmdls

by Lung, Wu-Seng

• ISBN13: 9780471158837
• ISBN10: 0471158836
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2001-04-30
• Publisher: Wiley

Summary

Complete, practical coverage of pollution control regulations and water quality modeling Water Quality Modeling for Wasteload Allocations and TMDLs provides practical guidance for engineers charged with determining the volume and character of wastewater that a body of water can receive without suffering environmental damage. Following the discussion on water pollution control regulations and their relationships to water quality modeling and wasteload allocation for determining the total maximum daily load (TMDL), the first half of the book focuses on quantifying the model coefficients to characterize physical, chemical, and biological processes of a variety of water quality problems. The remainder of the book guides engineers in the application of EPA-developed models for regulatory use. Presenting numerous case studies and a substantial amount of data, this comprehensive guide: * Covers practical applications of wasteload allocation * Provides guidance to develop technical information for obtaining National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permits * Demonstrates the application of STREAM, QUAL2E, WASP, and HAR03 Water Quality Modeling for Wasteload Allocations and TMDLs is an essential resource for state and federal water quality agencies, consulting engineering firms, publicly owned treatment works, environmental biologists and chemists, and public health officials involved with pollution control.

Author Biography

WU-SENG LUNG, PhD, PE, is Professor of Environmental Engineering in the Department of Civil Engineering at the University of Virginia.

Table of Contents

Preface	xi
Acknowledgments	xv
Introduction	1	(7)
Using a More Robust Model	2	(2)
Developing the Stream Reaeration Coefficient	4	(1)
Post Auditing the Water Quality Response---A Bigger Picture	4	(2)
New Horizon in Water Quality Modeling	6	(1)
It Is the Modeling Skills and Data, Not the Model, That Matters	7	(1)
Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs)	8	(13)
Evolution of Water Quality Modeling in Water Pollution Control	8	(1)
What Is a TMDL?	9	(2)
Water Quality Endpoints for TMDLs	11	(2)
Water Quality Modeling for TMDL	13	(2)
A TMDL Modeling Study	15	(6)
Derivation of Mass Transport Coefficients	21	(50)
One-Dimensional Advective Transport in Streams, Rivers, and Estuaries	22	(8)
One-Dimensional Longitudinal Dispersion Coefficient	30	(4)
Lateral Dispersion Coefficient in Rivers and Estuaries	34	(2)
Vertical Diffusion Coefficient	36	(7)
Two-Dimensional Vertically Integrated Mass Transport	43	(1)
Two-Dimensional Longitudinal/Vertical Mass Transport	44	(17)
Need a Hydrodynamic Model?	61	(7)
Linking a Hydrodynamic Model with a Water Quality Model	68	(3)
Derivation of Kinetic Coefficients	71	(59)
Biochemical Oxygen Demand and CBODu to CBOD5 Ratio	72	(12)
Nitrification in Wastewater and Receiving Water	84	(5)
Reaeration Coefficient	89	(9)
Saturation Dissolved Oxygen Level	98	(1)
Sediment Oxygen Demand	99	(4)
Phytoplankton and Dissolved Oxygen	103	(6)
Dissolved Oxygen Impact	109	(1)
Phytoplankton/Nutrient Kinetics	110	(9)
Modeling Sediment Diagenesis Processes	119	(5)
Calibrating the Nutrient/Eutrophication Kinetics	124	(1)
Post Audit of BOD and Eutrophication Models	125	(5)
Computational Tools and Accessories	130	(13)
Computer Hardware and Capability	130	(2)
Modeling Frameworks and FORTRAN Compiler	132	(1)
Geographical Information System	133	(3)
Post Processing and Visualization	136	(7)
Using the Stream and Qual2E Models	143	(45)
Equations Behind the STREAM Model	144	(1)
Implementing the Governing Equation in STREAM Code	145	(1)
STREAM Model Input Structure	146	(3)
Application of STREAM to Rock Creek	149	(9)
Application of STREAM to the Roanoke River	158	(14)
Application of the QUAL2E Model to the Blackstone River	172	(16)
Using the WASP and EUTRO Models	188	(82)
The WASP Model	188	(1)
Key Attributes	189	(3)
Mass Transport Modeling Applications	192	(29)
Water Quality Modeling Application	221	(20)
Numerical Tagging	241	(11)
Modeling Sediment-Water Interactions	252	(5)
Incorporating Nonpoint Source Loads	257	(4)
Linking a Hydrodynamic Model with the WASP/EUTRO Model	261	(7)
Summary Remarks	268	(2)
Using the HAR03 Model	270	(44)
Model Capabilities	270	(1)
Input Data Structure and Model Configuration	271	(4)
Near-Field Mixing Zone Modeling	275	(6)
Modeling Mixing Zone in the James River Using HAR3	281	(10)
Far-Field Modeling	291	(22)
Summary	313	(1)
References and Further Readings	314	(11)
About the Author	325	(2)
Index	327