The Way Schools Work A Sociological Analysis of Education

by Bennett de Marrais, Kathleen; LeCompte, Margaret

• ISBN13: 9780801319563
• ISBN10: 0801319560
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1998-09-22
• Publisher: Pearson

Summary

This text continues to offer cutting-edge analysis of contemporary schooling in America from a critical perspective. Provides up-to-the-minute critical analysis of the way schools really work that takes into account both historical influences and current critical theory. Includes extensive coverage of race, class, and gender and their roles in relation to power dynamics in today's classrooms. Wide ranging content draws on social theory as well as the sociology of organizations, of work and the professions, and of knowledge. Includes new short case studies of students experiences, and chapter questions and illustrative boxes containing accounts from students, teachers and administrators.

Table of Contents

PREFACE	ix
1 THEORY AND ITS INFLUENCES ON THE PURPOSES OF SCHOOLING	1	(42)
INTRODUCTION	2	(1)
WHAT IS THEORY?	3	(2)
SOCIAL TRANSMISSION THEORIES	5	(15)
INTERPRETIVE THEORIES	20	(6)
SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION THEORIES	26	(16)
SUMMARY	42	(1)
2 THE SOCIAL ORGANIZATION OF SCHOOLING	43	(52)
INTRODUCTION	44	(1)
THE INTERNAL ORGANIZATION OF SCHOOL DISTRICTS	45	(5)
THE GEOGRAPHY OF CONTROL	50	(2)
PATTERNS OF CONTROL AND FINANCE: THE LOCAL LEVEL	52	(9)
PATTERNS OF CONTROL AND FINANCE: THE GOVERNMENTAL LEVEL	61	(3)
PATTERNS OF CONTROL AND FINANCE: THE NON-GOVERNMENTAL LEVEL	64	(1)
THE SCHOOL AS A BUREAUCRACY	65	(4)
HOW SCHOOLS BECAME BUREAUCRACIES	69	(5)
THE SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT OF SCHOOLS	74	(5)
RESISTANCE TO CENTRALIZED CONTROL: RESTRUCTURING AND REFORM	79	(7)
CHANGING SCHOOL ORGANIZATION AND FINANCE	86	(8)
SUMMARY	94	(1)
3 YOUTH CULTURE AND THE STUDENT PEER GROUP	95	(49)
INTRODUCTION	96	(1)
WHAT IS YOUTH CULTURE?	97	(11)
YOUTH CULTURE AND MODERN LIFE	108	(14)
THE POSTPONED GENERATION	122	(5)
THE LESSONS OF SCHOOLING	127	(8)
SURVIVING SCHOOL	135	(8)
SUMMARY	143	(1)
4 THE LABOR FORCE IN EDUCATION: TEACHERS, COUNSELORS, ADMINISTRATORS, AND ANCILLARY STAFF	144	(51)
INTRODUCTION	145	(2)
ISSUES OF STATUS AND POWER: PROFESSIONAL ESTEEM AND PUBLIC DISREGARD	147	(2)
CONTRADICTIONS IN THE STRUCTURE OF THE PROFESSION	149	(5)
WHO BECOMES A TEACHER?	154	(11)
WHAT TEACHERS DO: CONTRADICTIONS IN THE NATURE OF TEACHERS' WORK	165	(8)
THE REWARD STRUCTURE OF TEACHING	173	(5)
DE-SKILLING, ROUTINIZATION, AND THE ENFORCEMENT OF BUREAUCRATIC CONTROL	178	(3)
THE CHALLENGE OF TEACHING IN URBAN DISTRICTS	181	(1)
ADMINISTRATORS AND ANCILLARY STAFF	182	(3)
THE NATURE OF ADMINISTRATIVE WORK IN SCHOOLS	185	(8)
SUMMARY	193	(2)
5 SOCIAL CLASS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO EDUCATION	195	(27)
INTRODUCTION	196	(1)
WHAT IS SOCIAL CLASS?	196	(7)
THEORETICAL BEGINNINGS: MARX, WEBER, AND BOURDIEU	203	(6)
SOCIAL INEQUALITY AND THE STRUCTURE OF SOCIETY	209	(6)
THE MECHANISM OF CLASS BIAS IN EDUCATION	215	(5)
SUMMARY	220	(2)
6 WHAT IS TAUGHT IN SCHOOLS: CURRICULUM AND THE STRATIFICATION OF KNOWLEDGE	222	(34)
INTRODUCTION	223	(1)
WHAT IS CURRICULUM?	223	(4)
WHAT IS TAUGHT: THE FORMAL CURRICULUM	227	(9)
STRATIFICATION OF THE CURRICULUM	236	(6)
WHAT IS TAUGHT: THE HIDDEN CURRICULUM	242	(6)
ALTERNATIVE CURRICULA AND TRANSFORMATIVE PEDAGOGIES	248	(7)
SUMMARY	255	(1)
7 ETHNIC MINORITIES: EQUALITY OF EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITY	256	(32)
INTRODUCTION	257	(9)
THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT AND EQUALITY OF EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITY	266	(10)
RESEARCH ON SCHOOLING FOR MINORITY STUDENTS	276	(9)
CONFLICTING PURPOSES OF SCHOOLING FOR MINORITY STUDENTS: CULTURAL ASSIMILATION OR CULTURAL PLURALISM?	285	(1)
SUMMARY	286	(2)
8 GENDER EQUITY IN SCHOOLING	288	(39)
INTRODUCTION	289	(3)
THE DEVELOPMENT OF GENDER ROLES	292	(3)
EQUALITY OF EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN	295	(5)
GENDER DIFFERENCES IN THE FORMAL CURRICULUM	300	(5)
GENDER-BASED DIFFERENTIAL OUTCOMES IN SCHOOLING	305	(8)
GENDER IN THE IMPLICIT CURRICULUM	313	(12)
SUMMARY	325	(2)
APPENDIX	327	(6)
GLOSSARY	333	(8)
REFERENCES	341	(30)
INDEX	371