Werner and Ingbar's the Thyroid

by Braverman, Lewis E.; Utiger, Robert D., M.D.; Ingbar, Sidney H.; Werner, Sidney C.

• ISBN13: 9780397514069
• ISBN10: 0397514069
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1996-01-01
• Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Table of Contents

Preface	p. ix
Preface to the First Edition	p. xi
Contributing Authors	p. xiii
The Normal Thyroid
History, Ontogeny, and Anatomy
The Heritage of the Thyroid	p. 3
Normal Development of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid Axis	p. 7
Anatomy
Comparative Anatomy and Physiology	p. 20
Anatomy and Pathology of the Thyrotrophs	p. 43
Thyroid Synthesis and Secretion
Thyroid Hormone Synthesis
Thyroid Iodide Transport: The Na[superscript +]/I[superscript -] Symporter (NIS)	p. 52
Hormone Synthesis: Thyroid Iodine Metabolism	p. 61
Autoregulatory Actions of Iodine	p. 85
Thyroglobulin: Chemistry, Biosynthesis, and Proteolysis	p. 91
Peripheral Hormone Metabolism
Thyroid Hormone Transport Proteins and the Physiology of Hormone Binding	p. 105
Nature and Sources of Circulating Thyroid Hormones	p. 121
Intracellular Pathways of Iodothyronine Metabolism	p. 136
Thyroid Hormone Action
Molecular Actions of Thyroid Hormone	p. 174
Thyroid Hormone Structure-Function Relationships	p. 196
Factors that Control Thyroid Function
Thyrotropin
Chemistry and Biosynthesis of Thyrotropin	p. 202
The Thyrotropin Receptor	p. 219
Biological Actions of Thyrotropin	p. 227
Regulation of Thyrotropin Secretion	p. 234
Intrinsic and Extrinsic Variables Age-Related Changes in Thyroid Function	p. 254
Environmental Influences upon Thyroid Hormone Regulation	p. 257
Effects of Drugs and Other Substances on Thyroid Hormone Synthesis and Metabolism	p. 265
Nonthyroidal Illness	p. 281
Iodine Deficiency	p. 295
Effect of Excess Iodide: Clinical Aspects	p. 316
Laboratory Assessment of Thyroid Function
Radioisotopes and Direct Tests of Thyroid Function
Radiation Physics	p. 333
Biologic Effects of Radioiodines on the Human Thyroid Gland	p. 345
In Vivo Radionuclide Tests and Imaging	p. 355
Serum Thyrotropin and Thyroid Hormone Measurements and Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Transport	p. 376
Miscellaneous Tests
Metabolic, Physiologic, and Clinical Indexes of Thyroid Function	p. 393
Thyroglobulin	p. 402
Thyroid-directed Antibodies	p. 414
Nonisotopic Techniques of Thyroid Imaging	p. 432
Evaluation of Thyroid Nodules by Needle Biopsy	p. 441
Introduction to Thyroid Diseases
Surgical Anatomy	p. 455
Physical Examination of the Thyroid Gland	p. 462
The Epidemiology of Thyroid Diseases	p. 467
Genetic Factors in Thyroid Disease	p. 474
Pathology of Thyroid Diseases	p. 488
Thyroid Diseases: Thyrotoxicosis
Introduction
Introduction to Thyrotoxicosis	p. 515
Causes of Thyrotoxicosis
Graves' Disease
Pathogenesis	p. 518
Ophthalmopathy	p. 531
Localized Myxedema and Thyroid Acropachy	p. 548
Thyrotropin-induced Hyperthyroidism	p. 556
Toxic Adenoma and Toxic Multinodular Goiter	p. 564
Hyperthyroidism Caused by Chorionic Gonadotropin	p. 573
Sporadic Silent Thyroiditis, Postpartum Thyroiditis, and Subacute Thyroiditis	p. 578
Thyrotoxicosis of Extrathyroid Origin	p. 590
Organ System Manifestations of Thyrotoxicosis
The Skin in Thyrotoxicosis	p. 593
The Cardiovascular System in Thyrotoxicosis	p. 596
The Pulmonary System in Thyrotoxicosis	p. 605
The Kidneys and Electrolyte Metabolism in Thyrotoxicosis	p. 617
The Gastrointestinal Tract and Liver in Thyrotoxicosis	p. 622
The Blood in Thyrotoxicosis	p. 627
The Neuromuscular System and Brain in Thyrotoxicosis	p. 631
The Pituitary in Thyrotoxicosis	p. 634
The Adrenal Cortex in Thyrotoxicosis	p. 637
Catecholamines and the Sympathoadrenal System in Thyrotoxicosis	p. 642
The Male and Female Reproductive Systems in Thyrotoxicosis	p. 652
The Skeletal System in Thyrotoxicosis	p. 659
Metabolic Changes in Thyrotoxicosis	p. 667
Behavioral and Psychiatric Aspects of Thyrotoxicosis	p. 673
Thyrotoxic Storm	p. 679
Management of Thyrotoxicosis
Diagnosis of Thyrotoxicosis	p. 685
Treatment of Thyrotoxicosis	p. 691
Thyroid Diseases: Hypothyroidism
Introduction
Introduction to Hypothyroidism	p. 719
Causes of Hypothyroidism
Chronic Autoimmune Thyroiditis	p. 721
Hereditary Metabolic Disorders Causing Hypothyroidism	p. 733
Endemic Cretinism	p. 743
Primary Hypothyroidism Due to Other Causes	p. 755
Central Hypothyroidism	p. 762
Organ System Manifestations of Hypothyroidism
The Skin and Connective Tissue in Hypothyroidism	p. 774
The Cardiovascular System in Hypothyroidism	p. 777
The Pulmonary System in Hypothyroidism	p. 783
The Kidneys and Electrolyte Metabolism in Hypothyroidism	p. 790
The Gastrointestinal Tract and Liver in Hypothyroidism	p. 795
The Blood in Hypothyroidism	p. 800
The Neuromuscular System and Brain in Hypothyroidism	p. 803
The Pituitary in Hypothyroidism	p. 811
The Adrenal Cortex in Hypothyroidism	p. 815
Catecholamines and the Sympathoadrenal System in Hypothyroidism	p. 820
The Male and Female Reproductive Systems in Hypothyroidism	p. 824
The Skeletal System in Hypothyroidism	p. 828
Metabolic Changes in Hypothyroidism	p. 833
Behavioral and Psychiatric Aspects of Hypothyroidism	p. 837
Myxedema Coma	p. 843
Management of Hypothyroidism
Diagnosis of Hypothyroidism	p. 848
Treatment of Hypothyroidism	p. 853
Thyroid Diseases: Nontoxic Diffuse and Multinodular Goiter
Pathogenesis of Nontoxic Diffuse and Nodular Goiter	p. 861
Clinical Manifestations and Treatment of Nontoxic Diffuse and Nodular Goiter	p. 866
Thyroid Diseases: Tumors
Carcinoma of Follicular Epithelium
Pathogenesis	p. 875
Molecular Genetics of Tumors of Thyroid Follicular Cells	p. 886
Surgical Therapy	p. 898
Radioiodine and Other Treatment and Outcomes	p. 904
Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma	p. 930
Miscellaneous Tumors of the Thyroid	p. 944
Clinical Evaluation of Solitary Thyroid Nodules	p. 949
The Thyroid in Infancy and Childhood
Thyroid Physiology in the Perinatal Period and During Childhood	p. 959
Hypothyroidism in Infants and Children Neonatal Screening	p. 973
Congenital Hypothyroidism	p. 977
Acquired Hypothyroidism in Infants, Children, and Adolescents	p. 983
Graves' Disease in the Neonatal Period and Childhood	p. 989
Special Topics in Thyroidology
Subclinical Hypothyroidism	p. 1001
Subclinical Thyrotoxicosis	p. 1007
Thyroid Disease During Pregnancy	p. 1013
Resistance to Thyroid Hormone	p. 1028
Infectious Thyroiditis	p. 1044
Subject Index	p. 1051
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