The Western Perspective A History of Civilization in the West, Alternative Volume: Since 1300 (with InfoTrac)

by Cannistraro, Philip V.; Reich, John J.

• ISBN13: 9780534610685
• ISBN10: 0534610684
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2003-07-30
• Publisher: Wadsworth Publishing

Summary

This is Alternate Volume (since 1300) of THE WESTERN PERSPECTIVE, Second Edition. True to its title, THE WESTERN PERSPECTIVE focuses on the Western experience, while also placing that experience in the wider context of developments in Africa, Asia, the Americas, and the Pacific. Accessible and clearly written, Cannistraro and Reich's text illustrates the causal connections across cultures and historical periods, conveying the record of human struggle and achievement, of conflict and community, of cultural diversity, of economic and technological developments, and of social change. The text's unique cultural perspective and theme and its unusually rich coverage of cultural history offer vivid images that communicate the full range of human experience. The "Perspectives" theme, which appears in every part and topic opener and in features, gives the book its unifying motif. Meanwhile, the book's flexible, modular structure ensures that you can easily adapt the text to your syllabus. THE WESTERN PERSPECTIVE is also available in the following split options: THE WESTERN PERSPECTIVE, Complete Volume, Second Edition (Contains Parts I-VIII) ISBN: 053461065X; THE WESTERN PERSPECTIVE, Volume I: To 1715, Second Edition (Contains Parts I-VI) ISBN: 0534610668; THE WESTERN PERSPECTIVE, Volume II: Since 1500, Second Edition (Contains Parts IV-VIII) ISBN: 0534610676; THE WESTERN PERSPECTIVE, Volume A: To 1500, Second Edition (Contains Parts I-IV) ISBN: 0534610692; THE WESTERN PERSPECTIVE, Volume B: 1300-1815, Second Edition (Contains Parts III-VII) ISBN: 0534610706; THE WESTERN PERSPECTIVE, Volume C: 1789-Present, Second Edition (Contains Parts VI-VIII) ISBN: 0534610714; THE WESTERN PERSPECTIVE, Alternative Volume: Since 1300, Second Edition (Parts III-VIII, Topics 20-95) ISBN: 0534610684.

Table of Contents

PART III Medieval Europe	198	(138)
Politics After Rome: The Germanic Kingdoms	201	(9)
The Germanic Migrations and the West	202	(1)
Germanic Society: Warfare, Kinship, and Family	202	(2)
Visigoths, Ostrogoths, and Lombards: German Kingdoms in Southern Europe	204	(1)
The Franks and Christianity	205	(1)
The Making of Anglo-Saxon England	206	(2)
German Customs and Roman Traditions: The Formation of Europe	208	(2)
Early Medieval Christianity	210	(9)
Christianity and the Classical Heritage	211	(1)
The City of God: Augustine and His Vision	212	(1)
The Papacy and the Primacy of Rome	213	(2)
The Monastic Ideal	215	(1)
Women, Christianity, and the Church	216	(3)
Byzantium: The Eastern Empire	219	(11)
New Rome in the East: The Successors of Constantine	220	(1)
Justinian and the Imperial Quest	221	(1)
Byzantium under Stress: Military Threat and Religious Conflict	222	(1)
Byzantium in the North: The Slavs	223	(1)
Artistic Splendor in the Byzantine World	224	(2)
Economic Vitality and Social Inequality	226	(4)
Across Cultures Bishop Liutprand in Constantinople	226	(4)
Europe and Islam	230	(9)
The Arabian Peninsula and Its Peoples	231	(1)
Muhammad, the Founder of Islam	231	(2)
Islam and the Mediterranean: Conquest, Conversion, and Settlement	233	(1)
Spain and Sicily: Muslim Rule in Europe	234	(2)
Science and Culture: The Islamic Impact on the West	236	(3)
The First Europe: The West in the Age of Charlemagne	239	(13)
The Carolingians	240	(1)
Charlemagne: From Frankish King to Holy Roman Emperor	240	(4)
Perspectives from the Past Charlemagne and His Government	242	(2)
The Carolingian Renaissance	244	(2)
Manorialism and the Carolingian Economy	246	(2)
The Disintegration of the Carolingian Empire	248	(4)
The Social Order of Medieval Europe	252	(11)
The Feudal System: The Search for Security in an Age of Uncertainty	253	(1)
Rural Europe: Peasants and Aristocrats	253	(3)
The Revival of Trade and Emergence of Cities	256	(2)
Jewish Life in the Middle Ages	258	(2)
Medieval Women: The Private and Public Spheres	260	(1)
The Clergy and Secular Society	261	(2)
The Feudal Monarchies	263	(10)
Norman and Angevin England: The Development of Royal Administration	264	(3)
Public Figures and Private Lives Matilda of Flanders and William the Conqueror	265	(2)
France and the Capetian Monarchy: Nobles versus the King	267	(2)
German Kings and the Lure of Empire: From Otto I to Frederick Barbarossa	269	(1)
The Reconquista and the Kingdoms of Medieval Spain	270	(3)
The Militant Church: Reform and the Papacy	273	(14)
Reform and Renewal in the Church	274	(1)
The Investiture Controversy	275	(2)
Schism and the Crisis of Byzantium	277	(1)
The Era of the Crusades	278	(3)
The Age of Innocent III	281	(4)
Historical Perspectives Francis of Assisi	282	(3)
The Rise of Popular Devotion	285	(2)
Scholars, Troubadours, and Builders	287	(8)
The First Universities	288	(1)
Scholasticism: Faith, Reality, and Reason	289	(2)
Songs of Love and Battle: Heroic Epics and Troubadour Poetry	291	(1)
A New Musical Language: The Polyphonic Style	292	(1)
Architects and Sculptors: The Romanesque Cathedral	293	(2)
Monarchy and its Limits: Government in the High Middle Ages	295	(10)
Political Theory and Church-State Relations in the High Middle Ages	296	(1)
England: Magna Carta and the Evolution of Parliament	297	(1)
The Consolidation of the French Monarchy	298	(3)
Stupor Mundi: Frederick of Hohenstaufen and the Imperial Dream	301	(4)
Art and Ideas in the Gothic Age	305	(9)
Faith versus Reason: The Heirs of Aquinas	306	(1)
The Climax of Medieval Literature: Dante's Divine Comedy	306	(1)
The Gothic Cathedral	307	(2)
Sculpture and Painting in the Gothic Age: Art in Transition	309	(5)
The Fourteenth Century: Stress and Change in European Society	314	(12)
Overpopulation and Its Consequences	315	(1)
The Plague	315	(2)
Bad Times and Social Protest: Peasants and Workers in Revolt	317	(5)
Perspectives from the Past The Black Death	318	(4)
The Church in Captivity: Schism and the Popes at Avignon	322	(4)
The Late Middle Ages	326	(10)
Agriculture, Trade, and Finance	327	(1)
European Society Before and After the Black Death	328	(4)
Historical Perspectives Gender in Medieval Society	330	(2)
The Life of Women	332	(1)
Humanism: The Classical Sources of a New Spirit	333	(3)
PART IV The Renaissance and Reformation	336	(90)
The Age of the New Monarchs	339	(9)
The Hundred Years' War and Its Aftermath	340	(2)
The Valois Kings and the Revival of France	342	(2)
Public Figures and Private Lives Margaret of Anjou and Henry VI of England	343	(1)
England and the Rise of the Tudors	344	(1)
Spain: From Aragon and Castile to Hapsburg Monarchy	345	(3)
Power and Culture in Renaissance Italy	348	(9)
Politics, Class, and Civic Identity: The Italian City-States	349	(3)
The Intellectual World of the Early Renaissance	352	(2)
Public Figures and Private Lives Isabella d'Este and Francesco Gonzaga	353	(1)
Patronage and Statecraft in Renaissance Italy	354	(1)
Italy and Europe: Power Politics and the Art of Diplomacy	354	(3)
The Visual Arts of the Italian Renaissance	357	(16)
The ``Modern Style'': Donatello, Brunelleschi, and Masaccio	358	(1)
Tradition and Experiment: The Later Quattrocento	359	(3)
Across Cultures Charles Dickens on Renaissance Italy	360	(2)
Harmony and Design in the High Renaissance	362	(2)
Harmony and Color: The Painting of the Venetian Republic	364	(9)
Perspectives from the Past Art and Artists in the Renaissance	366	(7)
Arts and Letters in Renaissance Europe	373	(9)
The Printing Revolution	374	(1)
The Northern Humanists: Education for a Christian Society	375	(1)
The Courtier and The Prince: Handbooks of Renaissance Strategy	376	(1)
The Conquest of Reality: Renaissance Art in the North	377	(2)
Music in the High Renaissance	379	(3)
Upheaval and Transformation in Eastern Europe	382	(10)
The Collapse of Byzantium	383	(1)
The Ottomans and the European Response	384	(2)
Hungary, Bohemia, and Poland	386	(2)
The Growth of the Principality of Moscow	388	(4)
The Era of Reconnaissance	392	(13)
Europeans and the World: The Early Travelers	393	(2)
Geography and Technology	395	(2)
The Portuguese Initiative	397	(3)
Perspectives from the Past The Portuguese in the Wider World	398	(2)
Spain, the Americas, and the European Economy	400	(5)
The Reformation	405	(10)
The Roots of Reform: Popular Discontent and the Crisis of the Western Church	406	(1)
``Here I Stand'': Martin Luther and the German Reformation	407	(2)
The Lutheran Movement: Peasant Rebellion and Aristocratic Strife	409	(1)
The Advance of Protestantism in Continental Europe	410	(2)
The Break with Rome: Henry VIII and the English Church	412	(3)
The Social Worlds of the Renaissance and Reformation	415	(11)
Class, Mobility, and Changing Values	416	(2)
Education, Marriage, and the Family	418	(1)
The Burdens of Gender: Women in a Changed World	419	(2)
Outsiders in Christian Europe: Jews, Muslims, and Blacks	421	(5)
Historical Perspective The First Africans in Europe	422	(4)
PART V The Early Modern World	426	(72)
Catholic Reform and the Counter-Reformation	429	(9)
The Catholic Church and the Spirit of Renewal	430	(1)
Education and Conversion: The Jesuits and the Ursulines	431	(2)
The War Against the Heretics: The Sacred Congregation of the Holy Office	433	(5)
Historical Perspectives The Social Life of European Jewry	434	(4)
Catholic Spain and the Struggle for Supremacy	438	(8)
Religion and Monarchy: The Reign of Philip II	439	(2)
Spain and Its Overseas Empire	441	(1)
Rebellion in the Netherlands: Religious Freedom and Political Independence	441	(3)
Spain versus England: The Armada Disaster	444	(2)
Crown and Parliament in Tudor-Stuart England	446	(8)
Elizabeth I and the Politics of Compromise	447	(1)
Toward Confrontation: James I and Parliament	448	(1)
Charles I and the Civil War	449	(2)
The Protectorate: The Dictatorship of Oliver Cromwell	451	(3)
Religious War and the Ascendancy of the French Monarchy	454	(11)
Religious Conflict: From the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre to the Edict of Nantes	455	(3)
The Cardinals and the State: The Administrations of Richelieu and Mazarin	458	(2)
Public Figures and Private Lives Marie de' Medici and Henry IV of France	458	(2)
A Scandal in Bohemia: The Protestant Revolt and the Thirty Years' War	460	(2)
From the Swedish Victory to the French Intervention	462	(3)
Patterns of Life in a Time of Upheaval	465	(12)
Health and Medicine	466	(1)
Changing Tastes: Food and Diet	467	(5)
Perspectives from the Past Food and the Columbian Exchange	470	(2)
The Social Pattern of Housing	472	(2)
Clothing, Fashion, and Class	474	(3)
The European Economy and Overseas Empire	477	(9)
Trade, Finance, and Prices	478	(2)
Merchant Capitalists and the State	480	(1)
The Heyday of the Dutch Republic	481	(1)
Global Competition: The India Companies	482	(4)
The Baroque Era	486	(12)
Emotion and Illusionism: The Affirmation of Baroque Art	487	(2)
The Making of Baroque Rome: Caravaggio and Bernini	489	(1)
Rembrandt and His Contemporaries in Northern Europe	490	(1)
Music for a New Public: The Birth of Opera and the Works of Bach	491	(2)
The Golden Age of Literature: Shakespeare and Cervantes	493	(5)
Public Figures and Private Lives Anna Magdalena and Johann Sebastian Bach	493	(1)
Across Cultures Shakespeare and Posterity	494	(4)
PART VI The Old Regime	498	(108)
The Scientific Revolution and Western Thought	501	(8)
The Weight of Tradition: God, Nature, and the World	502	(1)
Redefining the Universe: From Copernicus to Galileo	502	(2)
Medicine and the Human Body	504	(1)
The Scientific Method: Bacon, Descartes, and Pascal	505	(1)
Newton and the Laws of the Natural Universe	506	(3)
Southern Europe: Spain, Italy, and the Mediterranean	509	(8)
The Eclipse of the Mediterranean	510	(1)
From Hapsburg to Bourbon Spain	511	(2)
Europe and the Italian States	513	(4)
Absolute Monarchy: Louis XIV and the Divine Right of Kings	517	(11)
``I Am the State'': The Absolutist Government	518	(3)
Nobles, Jansenists, and Huguenots: The Domestic Opposition	521	(3)
Historical Perspectives Louis XIV: A Bureaucratic King	522	(2)
War, Diplomacy, and the Quest for French Hegemony	524	(4)
England and the Rise of Constitutional Monarchy	528	(11)
The Stuart Restoration	529	(1)
The Glorious Revolution	530	(5)
Perspectives from the Past Resistance and Revolution	532	(3)
The Cabinet System and the House of Commons	535	(4)
Central Europe and the Shifting Balance of Power	539	(8)
The Fiction of the Holy Roman Empire	540	(1)
The Hapsburgs Turn East: The Turkish Defeat	540	(2)
The Rise of the Hohenzollerns	542	(1)
The Great Elector: Junkers and Army in Prussia	543	(4)
The Baltic and Eastern Europe in Transition	547	(10)
The Emergence of Russia	548	(1)
Peter the Great and the Allure of the West	549	(2)
The Great Northern War and the Founding of St. Petersburg	551	(3)
Across Cultures Catherine Wilmot in Russia	552	(2)
The Collapse of the Swedish Empire	554	(1)
Poland: The Triumph of the Nobility	554	(3)
The Culture of the Old Regime	557	(9)
The Arts in Transition	558	(1)
Tragedy and Comedy at the Court of Louis XIV	558	(1)
Academies and Salons in the Republic of Letters	559	(2)
Public Figures and Private Lives Elizabeth Robinson Montagu and Edward Montagu	560	(1)
The Popular Press, Novels, and the Circulation of Ideas	561	(1)
The Art of the Rococo	562	(1)
The Classical Style in Music: Mozart and Haydn	563	(3)
Europe and the World Economy	566	(11)
Toward a World Economy	567	(2)
The Slave Trade	569	(4)
Historical Perspectives The Slave Trade and the European Economy	570	(3)
The Speculation Craze: Stock Booms and Crashes	573	(4)
The Global Conflict: Wars for Empire	577	(9)
Britain versus Spain in the West Indies	578	(1)
Dynasty and Power Politics: The War of the Austrian Succession	579	(1)
The Struggle for North America: The Ascendancy of Britain	580	(2)
The Seven Years' War and the Success of Prussia	582	(4)
European Society in the Eighteenth Century	586	(11)
Society and the Old Regime	587	(2)
Agriculture and the World of the Peasantry	589	(2)
Aristocrats, Urban Classes, and the Poor	591	(3)
Women and the Old Regime	594	(3)
Public Figures and Private Lives Jeanne Becu du Barry and Louis XV	595	(2)
The Age of Reason	597	(9)
The Seeds of the Enlightenment	598	(1)
The Philosophes: The Battle Against Superstition	598	(2)
``The Infamous Thing'': Voltaire and Natural Morality	600	(1)
Science and Society: Social and Economic Thought	601	(5)
Perspectives from the Past The Age of Reason	602	(4)
PART VII The Modern Age	606	(240)
The Politics of Enlightenment: Europe and America	609	(13)
The Political Thought of the Philosophies	610	(1)
Josef II and the Failure of the Austrian Enlightenment	611	(2)
``First Servant of the State'': Friedrich the Great of Prussia	613	(1)
Enlightenment in the East: Russia from Catherine to Alexander	614	(4)
Historical Perspectives How Enlightened Were the Enlightened Despots?	616	(2)
The Great Experiment: The Enlightenment and the American Revolution	618	(4)
The Industrial Revolution	622	(10)
The Origins of the Industrial Revolution	623	(1)
Technology and Invention in the Age of Steam	624	(2)
From Cottage to Factory: The Growth of Industrial Capitalism	626	(2)
Industrialization and the European Economy	628	(2)
Workers, Machines, and Labor Protest	630	(2)
Revolution in France: Liberty, Terror, Reaction	632	(15)
The Third Estate and the ``Rights of Man''	633	(3)
The Ascendancy of the Moderates	636	(3)
The Radicals in Power: The Reign of Terror	639	(6)
Historical Perspectives The Historians' French Revolution	642	(3)
Return from the Brink: From Thermidor to the Directory	645	(2)
Europe in the Napoleonic Era	647	(11)
The Rise of Bonaparte: From Consul to Emperor	648	(2)
Europe and the French Imperium	650	(3)
The Grand Experiment: Occupation and Reform	653	(1)
The European Coalition and the Collapse of France	654	(4)
Restoration and Resistance in the Age of Metternich	658	(11)
The Congress of Vienna and the Search for Stability	659	(1)
The Restoration and the Conservative Order	660	(2)
The Concert of Europe	662	(1)
France and the Politics of Compromise	663	(3)
Conservatism Challenged: Political Unrest and Constitutionalism in Britain	666	(3)
The New Social Order: Workers, Women, and the Middle Class	669	(13)
European Society in Transition	670	(3)
The Condition of the Working Class	673	(2)
The Comfortable Bourgeoisie	675	(1)
Women in a Revolutionary Age	676	(1)
Marriage, Family, and Sex	677	(5)
Perspectives from the Past The Rights of Women	678	(4)
The Romantic Vision: Art and Culture in a Revolutionary World	682	(10)
Neoclassicism and the Rediscovery of Antiquity	683	(1)
Romanticism and the Discovery of Self	684	(1)
The Romantic Movement in Germany	684	(1)
``Spirit of the Age'': The English Romantic Poets	685	(1)
Painting and Politics	686	(3)
Public Figures and Private Lives Mary Wollstonecraft and Percy Bysshe Shelley	688	(1)
Beethoven and the Heroic Ideal	689	(3)
Thought and Action: the Revolutions of 1848	692	(10)
Liberals, Nationalists, and Socialists: Revolutionaries and Their Ideals	693	(2)
A Time for Change: The Roots of Discontent	695	(2)
Europe at the Barricades: The Pattern of Revolt	697	(2)
Hopes Crushed: The Reactionaries Triumphant	699	(1)
The Revolutionary Experience and Its Meaning	700	(2)
The Liberal State: Domestic Politics in Britain and France	702	(9)
Sir Robert Peel and the Rise of the Political Party System	703	(1)
Britain in the Age of Victoria and Albert	703	(1)
Liberals, Conservatives, and the Politics of Reform	704	(1)
Louis Napoleon and the Second French Republic	705	(1)
Napoleon III and the Second Empire	706	(2)
France and the Politics of Empire	708	(3)
Austria and Russia: Conservatism Entrenched	711	(8)
The Austrian Empire: A Multiethnic State in the Age of Nationalism	712	(1)
The Ausgleich: Illusion of the Dual Monarchy	713	(1)
Russia under the Tsars: The Emancipation of the Serfs	714	(2)
Reform and Reaction under Alexander II	716	(3)
Diplomacy and War: the Age of Nation Building	719	(14)
Italy, Germany, and the United States: Paths to Unification	720	(1)
Piedmont and the Italian Question	720	(2)
Cavour versus Garibaldi: Unification Achieved	722	(4)
Perspectives from the Past The Risorgimento	724	(2)
Bismarck and the Struggle for Power in Prussia	726	(3)
The Birth of the Second Reich	729	(2)
Nationalism, Regionalism, and the American Civil War	731	(2)
Technology and the European Economy	733	(10)
The Great Exhibition of 1851: The Promise of Technology	734	(1)
Continental Industry Comes of Age	735	(3)
The Railroad Era	738	(2)
Modernizing the European Economy: Trade, Finance, and the Corporation	740	(3)
Middle-Class Values and Working-Class Realities	743	(12)
The Urbanization of Europe	744	(3)
Victorian Virtues: The Theory and Practice of the Bourgeoisie	747	(1)
Women and the Cult of Domesticity	748	(2)
The Urban Poor and Social Reform	750	(2)
Karl Marx and the Vision of a New Social Order	752	(3)
Arts, Ideas, and Social Consciousness	755	(10)
Auguste Comte and the Philosophy of Positivism	756	(1)
Charles Darwin and the Case for Natural Selection	756	(1)
Science and Religion in a Changing World	757	(1)
The Writer as Critic: Social Realism and the Novel	758	(1)
Music and the Rise of National Consciousness	759	(2)
The Image of Society in the Visual Arts	761	(4)
Politics and National Development in Europe, 1870--1914	765	(12)
Political Repression and Parliamentary Rule	766	(2)
Great Britain: From Victoria to Edward	768	(1)
France and the Dilemmas of the Third Republic	769	(2)
Germany and Italy: The Problems of Nationhood	771	(3)
The Pace of Development: North and South	774	(3)
The Crisis of Empire in Eastern Europe	777	(11)
The Sunset of the Austro-Hungarian Empire	778	(1)
The Russian Empire: Industrialization and Political Crisis	779	(3)
European Jews and Anti-Semitism	782	(1)
The Disintegration of the Ottoman Empire	783	(1)
Great Power Rivalry and the Balkans	784	(4)
Europe, The United States, and the World Economy	788	(12)
The Second Industrial Revolution	789	(2)
The American Challenge and the Long Depression	791	(3)
Big Business in the Age of Mass Production	794	(2)
Europe and the Global Economy	796	(4)
The Drive for Empire: European Imperialism in Asia and Africa	800	(15)
The Imperialists: Exploration, Commerce, and Competition	801	(1)
The British in India: From Mutiny to National Consciousness	802	(4)
Perspectives from the Past The Drive for Empire	804	(2)
The Opening of China and the Boxer Rebellion	806	(1)
Japan and the West	807	(1)
North Africa: The British and French in Conflict	808	(3)
Across Cultures Lafcadio Hearn in Japan	808	(3)
The Dismemberment of Central Africa	811	(1)
The Boer War and the Union of South Africa	812	(3)
The Social Order Challenged	815	(10)
The First International: Anarchists versus Socialists	816	(2)
The Second International: Ideology and Socialist Politics	818	(1)
Labor on the Offensive: Trade Unions, Strikes, and Revolutionary Syndicalism	819	(2)
Public Figures and Private Lives Anna Kuliscioff and Filippo Turati	820	(1)
Women and the Vote	821	(2)
The Socialist Path to Feminism	823	(2)
Society in Transition: the Modernization of Europe	825	(10)
The Changing Social Structure	826	(1)
Wealth, Poverty, and Social Darwinism	827	(2)
Patterns of Gender and Sexuality	829	(3)
The Integration of Society: Literacy and Military Service	832	(3)
Art and Science: the Modernist Revolution	835	(11)
Toward a New Culture: The Art of Richard Wagner	836	(1)
Philosophers of Instinct and Life: Nietzsche, Bergson, and Freud	837	(1)
Varieties of Literary Experience: Realism and Symbolism	838	(1)
Impressionism, Postimpressionism, and Expressionism	839	(3)
The Modernist Revolt: Cubism, Futurism, and Atonality	842	(1)
Science from Certainty to Relativity	843	(3)
PART VIII The Contemporary Era	846	(211)
The Great War	850	(20)
The Origins of the First World War	851	(2)
From Confrontation to Crisis: The Coming of War	853	(2)
Fighting the War	855	(7)
Perspectives from the Past World War I: Who Was Responsible?	856	(6)
The Home Front	862	(2)
The World Conflict	864	(1)
Peace and Its Consequences	865	(5)
Radical Extremes: The Russian Revolution and the Rise of Fascism	870	(17)
Revolution, Left and Right	871	(1)
The March Revolution and the Bolshevik Seizure of Power	871	(2)
The Soviet Union in the Making	873	(3)
``Mutilated Victory'': Italy from War to Fascism	876	(2)
The Fascist Victory and Mussolini's Dictatorship	878	(4)
Historical Perspectives The Nature of Fascism	880	(2)
The German Revolution and the Weimar Republic	882	(1)
Hitler and National Socialism	883	(4)
The European Economy: Boom and Bust	887	(11)
The Economic Consequences of the War	888	(1)
Reparations, Inflation, and War Debts	889	(1)
Recovery and Prosperity	890	(2)
The Crash: Wall Street and the Financial Collapse	892	(1)
The Great Depression	893	(5)
Mussolini, Hitler, Stalin: the Totalitarian Nightmare	898	(12)
The Nature of Totalitarianism	899	(1)
Italy under Mussolini: Regimentation in the Fascist State	899	(2)
Hitler's Germany: Race and Repression in the Nazi Regime	901	(3)
The Dictators and the Depression: Labor, Business, and Economic Policy	904	(1)
Stalinist Russia: State Planning, Collectivization, and the Police State	905	(2)
Women and Totalitarianism	907	(3)
The Western Democracies and Eastern Europe	910	(10)
Great Britain and the Irish Question	911	(2)
France: The Quest for Stability	913	(2)
The Spread of Fascism	915	(1)
The New Shape of Eastern Europe	916	(4)
Social Values and the Lost Generation	920	(9)
Mobility and Status: Social Class under Stress	921	(1)
New York, Paris, and Berlin: The Age of Cabaret	922	(3)
Gender, Sexuality, and the Family	925	(4)
Civilization and its Discontents: Psychoanalysis and the Arts	929	(10)
Stream of Consciousness: Literature and Psychoanalysis	930	(1)
The World of Bloomsbury	931	(1)
Movements in Modern Art: Dada, Surrealism, and Abstraction	931	(2)
Public Figures and Private Lives Vita Sackville-West and Harold Nicolson	932	(1)
Bauhaus: The International Style in Building and Design	933	(2)
The Jazz Age: Music, Radio, and the Movies	935	(2)
Coming Shadows	937	(2)
The Road to War	939	(12)
The Illusion of Peace	940	(1)
Europe, Japan, and the League of Nations	940	(2)
Austria, Ethiopia, and the Axis	942	(2)
The March of Fascism: The Spanish Civil War	944	(2)
The Price of Appeasement: Austria and Czechoslovakia	946	(5)
The Second World War	951	(20)
From Blitzkrieg to the Battle of Britain	952	(4)
The Parallel War and Barbarossa	956	(1)
The Jews and Hitler's ``New Order''	957	(2)
American Intervention and the War in Asia	959	(6)
Perspectives from the Past The Destruction of the European Jews	960	(5)
Turning the Tide: The Russian Advance and the Eclipse of Japan	965	(2)
Yalta, Potsdam, and the Division of Europe	967	(4)
The End of Empire: Decolonization and the Third World	971	(13)
The Legacy of Empire: Colonies in a Changing World	972	(2)
The Dissolution of the British Empire	974	(2)
The French in Indochina and Africa: The Agony of Withdrawal	976	(2)
Israel and the Middle East	978	(2)
Belgium, the Netherlands, and Portugal: End of Empire	980	(1)
Europe and the Third World	981	(3)
The Politics of Stability in Western Europe	984	(12)
The New Generation in Power	985	(1)
The Politics of Reconstruction	986	(1)
The United States in Europe	986	(3)
Great Britain: Beyond the Welfare State	989	(1)
France in the Fourth and Fifth Republics	990	(1)
West Germany: Rebuilding the Industrial Giant	991	(2)
Italy's Economic Miracle	993	(3)
The Soviet Union and Eastern Europe	996	(12)
The Soviet Union Faces Reconstruction	997	(1)
Stalin and the Soviet Bloc	997	(1)
The Soviet Union from Khrushchev to Brezhnev	998	(3)
Repression and Resistance in Eastern Europe	1001	(1)
The Prague Spring of 1968	1002	(1)
The Gorbachev Era: Glasnost and Perestroika	1003	(1)
The Revolutions of 1989	1004	(4)
Mobility and Social Change: Toward the Consumer Society	1008	(11)
Life in the Welfare State	1009	(1)
The Intellectuals' Dilemma: Existentialism or Commitment	1009	(2)
Public Figures and Private Lives Simone de Beauvoir and Jean-Paul Sartre	1010	(1)
Students, Workers, and Power: 1968 and Its Aftermath	1011	(1)
Women in a Changing Society: The Challenge of Feminism	1012	(3)
Sex, Marriage, and the Family: New Directions	1015	(1)
The Age of Consumerism: Affluence and Its Consequences	1016	(3)
Culture in the Age of Uncertainty	1019	(9)
The Americanization of Europe	1020	(1)
Popular Culture: The Universal Language	1020	(1)
The Visual Arts: From Abstract Expressionism to Conceptual Art	1021	(2)
Architecture and the Environment	1023	(1)
Contemporary Composers in Search of an Audience	1023	(5)
The Path Toward European Integration	1028	(10)
The First Steps Toward European Unity	1029	(1)
The Treaty of Rome	1030	(1)
Britain and the Common Market	1030	(1)
The Organization of the European Union	1031	(4)
Historical Perspectives Sovereignty, Law, and Unity	1032	(3)
The Future of the European Union	1035	(3)
Epilogue: Facing the 21st Century	1038	(19)
Between East and West: The Search for European Independence	1039	(1)
Political Leadership in the Late 20th Century	1040	(2)
The Dissolution of the Soviet Union	1042	(3)
Across Cultures Martha Gellhorn in Cuba	1043	(2)
The Energy Crisis and the Nuclear Dilemma	1045	(2)
Terrorism and the Politics of Violence	1047	(7)
Perspectives from the Past Analyzing Terrorism	1050	(4)
From the Atlantic to the Urals: Europe's ``Common House''	1054	(3)
Glossary	1057	(4)
Index	1061