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Aidan Finn (tweet @joe_elway) is an internationally recognized virtualization expert and blogger (www.aidanfinn.com) from Ireland, and a leading voice in the Microsoft community. Patrick Lownds (tweet @PatrickLownds) is head of the Microsoft Virtualization User Group in the UK as well as an industry speaker at TechEd, HP Technology at Work, and elsewhere. Michel Luescher (tweet @michelluescher) is a consultant at Microsoft Switzerland specializing in private cloud solutions, datacenter optimization, and virtualization. He is also a regular industry speaker and writes the blog www.server-talk.eu. Damian Flynn (tweet @damian_flynn) is the principal infrastructure architect for Lionbridge Technologies specializing in private cloud solutions, datacenter optimization, and virtualization. He is also a regular industry speaker and maintains a public technology and Microsoft blog (www.damianflynn.com).
Part 1 • The Basics 1
Chapter 1 • Introducing Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V 3
Virtualization and Cloud Computing 4
Computing of the Past: Client/Server 4
Computing of the Recent Past: Virtualization 5
Computing of the Present: Cloud Computing 8
Windows Server 2012: Beyond Virtualization 9
Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V 11
The Technical Requirements of Hyper-V 11
The Architecture of Hyper-V 12
Maximum Scalability 15
Supported Guest Operating Systems 18
Licensing Windows Server 2012 in Virtualization 18
Common Misunderstandings in Licensing 19
Windows Server 2012 Licensing 20
Hyper-V Server 2012 23
Virtualization Scenarios 24
VMware 26
Migrating from VMware 27
Transferring Skills to Hyper-V 27
Other Essential Knowledge 28
Microsoft Assessment and Planning Toolkit 28
PowerShell 29
Chapter 2 • Deploying Hyper-V 33
Preparing a Hyper-V Deployment 33
Design and Architecture 33
Hardware 36
Operating System 39
Don’t Forget the Documentation 41
Windows PowerShell 42
Building the First Hyper-V Host 43
Preparing Windows Server 43
Installing the Hyper-V Role 47
Configuring the Hyper-V Host 48
Providing Security 54
Managing Hyper-V 56
Hyper-V Management Console 57
Hyper-V PowerShell 57
Server Core 59
Upgrading Hyper-V 61
Performing In-Place Migration 62
Using the Windows Server Migration Tools 62
Exporting and Importing Virtual Machines 62
Upgrading Integration Services 64
Real World Solutions 65
Chapter 3 • Managing Virtual Machines 71
Creating Virtual Machines 71
Create a Virtual Machine by Using the New Virtual Machine Wizard 72
Create a Virtual Machine by Using PowerShell 77
Designing Virtual Machines 78
Virtual Machine Maximums 78
Auto-Start and Auto-Stop Actions 81
Dynamic Memory 83
Processors 95
Virtual Storage 100
Network Adapters 111
Performing Virtual Machine Operations 117
Adding and Removing Virtual Hardware 117
Working with Snapshots 118
Using Live Migration 124
Importing and Exporting Virtual Machines 138
Installing Operating Systems and Applications 140
Installing Operating Systems 140
Using Virtual Machine Templates 142
Designing Virtual Machines for Applications 143
Performance Monitoring of Guest Operating Systems 143
Real World Solutions 144
Replacing Virtual Switches 144
Performing Simultaneous Live Migration 144
Rapid Virtual Machine Creation 146
Part 2 • Advanced Networking and Cloud Computing 153
Chapter 4 • Networking 155
Basic Hyper-V Networking 155
Using the Hyper-V Extensible Virtual Switch 156
Supporting VLANs 166
Supporting NIC Teaming 171
Networking Hardware Enhancements 183
Single-Root I/O Virtualization 183
Receive-Side Scaling 187
Dynamic Virtual Machine Queuing 190
IPsec Task Offload 191
Advanced Networking 191
Quality of Service 191
Converged Fabrics 201
Real World Solutions 210
Implementing RSS and DVMQ 210
Creating Converged Fabrics with Isolated SMB Storage 213
Creating Converged Fabrics with DCB and SR-IOV 216
Chapter 5 • Cloud Computing 219
Clouds, Tenants, and Segregation 220
The Multi-Tenancy Era 220
Segregation by Isolation 221
Microsoft Network Virtualization 223
Encapsulated Network Virtualization 224
Network Virtualization Abstraction 225
Network Virtualization at Work 232
Network Virtualization Gateways 251
PVLANs 252
Understanding PVLAN Structure 254
Understanding How PVLANs Work 255
Configuring Private VLANs 259
Summary 263
Port Access Control Lists 263
How ACLs Work 263
Extensible Switch Packet Filter 264
DHCP Guard 266
Router Advertisement Guard 267
Hyper-V Virtual Machine Metrics 268
Real World Solutions 270
Part 3 • Storage and High Availibility 273
Chapter 6 • Microsoft iSCSI Software Target 275
Introducing the Microsoft iSCSI Software Target 275
The Microsoft iSCSI Solution 276
Changes in Windows Server 2012 278
Design and Architecture 280
Building the iSCSI Target 283
Installing a Stand-Alone iSCSI Target 283
Installing a Clustered iSCSI Target 284
Transforming a Stand-Alone to a Clustered iSCSI Target 285
Configuring the iSCSI Target 286
Connecting the Initiator 288
Managing the iSCSI Target Server 289
Storage Providers 289
iSCSI Target SMI-S Provider 289
Best Practice Analyzer 292
PowerShell 293
Migrating 295
Migration to Windows Server 2012 295
VHD Conversion 295
Chapter 7 • Using File Servers 297
Introducing Scale-Out File Servers 298
Limitations in Availability and Performance with Windows Server 2008 R2 299
Technical Overview of the Key Changes 300
Installing and Configuring Scale-Out File Servers 309
Complying with Installation Prerequisites 310
Configuring Failover Clustering 311
Configuring Scale-Out File Services 315
Configuring a Continuously Available File Share 316
Windows Server 2012 SMB PowerShell 318
Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V over SMB 30 319
Some Real-World Examples 320
Configuring Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V to Use Scale-Out File Server Cluster 322
Configuring SQL Server to Use Scale-Out File Server Cluster 325
Troubleshooting Scale-Out File Servers 329
Using Troubleshooting Tools 329
Troubleshooting Client Network Connectivity Issues 332
Troubleshooting Access Denied Issues 333
Troubleshooting Cluster Resource Issues 333
Real World Solutions 333
Chapter 8 • Building Hyper-V Clusters 335
Introduction to Building Hyper-V Clusters 335
Active Directory Integration 337
Failover Clustering Installation 337
Performing Validation 338
Running Cluster Validation 338
Creating a Failover Cluster 342
Adding Disks 344
Configuring Network Prioritization 345
Cluster Shared Volumes 346
Cluster Shared Volumes Compatibility 346
Prerequisites 347
Enabling Cluster Shared Volumes 348
CSV Namespace 348
CSV Resiliency 348
CSV Optimizations 349
CSV Best Practices 350
BitLocker 351
Prerequisites 351
Installing BitLocker 351
Configuring BitLocker on Cluster Shared Volumes 352
Cluster-Aware Updating 357
Prerequisites 359
Installing and Configuring CAU 360
Highly Available Virtual Machine 370
Implementing a Highly Available Virtual Machine 370
Examining the Virtual Machine Role 371
Virtual Machine Mobility 375
Live-Migrating Virtual Machines 376
Using Live Storage Migration 376
Real World Solutions 378
Chapter 9 • Virtual SAN Storage and Guest Clustering 379
Introduction to Virtual SAN Storage 379
Overview of Virtual Fibre Channel 380
Guest Clustering 388
Guest Clustering on a Single Host 388
Guest Clustering across Physical Hosts 389
Guest Clustering across Physical Hosts and Virtual Machines 390
Creating a Guest-Based Cluster 391
Virtual Machine Preparation 391
Virtual Machine Monitoring 393
Configuring Virtual Machine Monitoring 395
Real World Solutions 399
Part 4 • Advanced Hyper-V 401
Chapter 10 • Backup and Recovery 403
How Backup Works with Hyper-V 403
Volume Shadow Copy Service Framework 403
Virtual Machine Backup Strategies 406
Choosing a Backup Strategy 409
Improvements in Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V Backup 410
Incremental Backup 410
Windows Server Backup 411
Distributed CSV Snapshots 412
VSS for SMB File Shares 414
Using Windows Server Backup 418
Installing Windows Server Backup 419
Protecting Nonclustered Hyper-V Hosts 419
Protecting Hyper-V Clusters 425
The Impact of Backup on the Network 426
Real World Solutions 427
Using WSB to Back up a Hyper-V Host and Retain Backup Data 427
Performing Automated WSB Backup of a Hyper-V Cluster 429
Chapter 11 • Disaster Recovery 431
Introducing Disaster Recovery 431
The Evolution of Disaster Recovery 432
Virtualization Simplifies DR 433
DR Architecture for Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V 434
DR Requirements 435
Synchronous and Asynchronous Replication 436
DR Architectures 438
DR Replication Solutions 440
Virtual Machine Connectivity 446
Implementation of a Hyper-V Multi-site Cluster 456
Replication Link Networking 456
Multi-site Cluster Quorum 457
Tuning Cluster Heartbeat 462
Preferred Owners (Hosts) 463
Summarizing Multi-site Clusters 465
Real World Solutions 465
Designing Hybrid DR 465
Designing Hosted Disaster Recovery 466
Chapter 12 • Hyper-V Replica 469
Introducing Hyper-V Replica 469
How Hyper-V Replica Works 470
Target Markets for Hyper-V Replica 471
Hyper-V Replica Requirements 472
Bandwidth Requirements 472
What Can You Replicate Between? 473
Enabling Hyper-V Replica between Nonclustered Hosts 475
Enabling Virtual Machine Replication 478
Understanding Copy Methods 479
Replicating a Virtual Machine with Network Copy 480
Replicating a Virtual Machine with Removable Media 486
Replicating a Virtual Machine with Offsite Recovery 488
Using Authentication with Certificates 489
Understanding Certificate Requirements 489
Enabling Hyper-V Replica with HTTPS 490
Replicating Virtual Machines via HTTPS 491
Using Advanced Authorization and Storage 491
Using Hyper-V Replica with Clusters 493
Understanding the Hyper-V Replica Broker 493
Creating the Hyper-V Replica Broker 495
Allowing Replication from a Cluster 497
Allowing Replication to a Cluster 498
Exploring Hyper-V Replica in Greater Detail 498
Hyper-V Replica Logging and Swapping 499
Resynchronization 499
The Performance Impact of Hyper-V Replica 500
Managing Hyper-V Replica 501
Monitoring Replication 501
Managing Replication 504
Setting Up Failover Networking 505
Failover TCP/IP 505
Test Failover Virtual Switch 506
Failing Over Virtual Machines 508
Performing a Test Failover 508
Returning to the Production Site 510
Performing a Planned Failover 510
Performing an Unplanned Failover 512
Summarizing Hyper-V Replica 513
Real World Solutions 514
Enabling Replication for Lots of Virtual Machines 514
Running a Planned Failover 515
Scripting an Ordered Unplanned Failover 517
Chapter 13 • Using Hyper-V for Virtual Desktop Infrastructure 521
Using Virtual Desktops, the Modern Work Style 521
What Is VDI? 521
The Benefits of Using Hyper-V for VDI 522
Changes in Windows Server 2012 523
Design and Architecture 524
Building a Microsoft VDI Environment 529
Installing Remote Desktop Services 529
Installing RD Virtualization Hosts 534
Deploying Virtual Guests 536
Connecting to the VDI Environment 539
Real World Solutions 541
Index 543
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