Women and Men in Organizations : Sex and Gender Issues at Work

by Cleveland, Jeanette N.; Stockdale, Margaret; Murphy, Kevin R.; Gutek, Barbara A.

• ISBN13: 9780805812688
• ISBN10: 0805812687
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2000-01-01
• Publisher: Lawrence Erlbau

Summary

The gender and racial composition of the American workforce is rapidly changing. As more women in particular enter the workforce and as they enter jobs that have traditionally been dominated by men, issues related to sex and gender in work settings have become increasingly important and complex. Research addressing sex and gender in the workplace is conducted in several distinct disciplines, ranging from psychology and sociology to management and economics. Further, books on gender at work often reflect either a more traditional management perspective or a more recent feminist perspective; rarely however, are these two orientations on women and work acknowledged within the same text. Thus, the principle goal of the book is to communicate a variety of social psychological literatures and research on gender issues that affect work behaviors to upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in applied psychology and business.

Table of Contents

Series Foreword	xi
Edwin A. Fleishman
Preface	xiii
PART I: INTRODUCTION
Introduction to Women and Men in Organizations	3	(15)
What Do We Mean by Work?	6	(1)
History of Male and Female Workforce Participation	7	(4)
Model for Understanding Men and Women in a Diverse Workforce	11	(5)
Summary	16	(2)
Understanding Men's and Women's Experiences in the Workplace: Methods and Theoretical Perspectives	18	(23)
Men's and Women's Experiences of Work	19	(15)
Understanding Sexuality in Organizations	34	(2)
Summary	36	(5)
PART II: PROCESSES UNDERLYING MALE-FEMALE ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIOR IN THE WORKPLACE
How Stereotypes Affect Our Perceptions of Men and Women at Work	41	(26)
Gender Stereotypes	42	(8)
Gender Stereotypes and Stereotypes of Race, Age, Appearance, and Disability	50	(6)
Effects of Gender Stereotypes in the Workplace	56	(7)
Summary	63	(4)
Physical Attractiveness, Interpersonal Relationships, and Romance at Work	67	(26)
Gender and Physical Attractiveness	69	(2)
Physical Attractiveness and Interpersonal Relations	71	(5)
Interpersonal Attraction in the Workplace	76	(6)
Workplace Romance	82	(8)
Summary	90	(3)
Language and Communication Among Organizational Members	93	(32)
Female and Male Ways of Speaking: Data Versus Stereotypes	95	(4)
Understanding Gender Differences in Language	99	(3)
Women and Men Speaking in Groups	102	(4)
Gender and Nonverbal Language	106	(6)
A Social--Psychological Approach to Understanding Language and Linguistic Groups	112	(6)
Additional Issues Concerning Language in the Workplace	118	(3)
Summary	121	(4)
Power and Relationships at Work	125	(30)
Definitions and Sources of Power and Influence	126	(11)
The Effects of Power and Influence	137	(6)
Gender and Power in the Workplace	143	(6)
Summary	149	(6)
PART III: WOMEN AND MEN IN THE WORKPLACE: IMPORTANT INDIVIDUAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL OUTCOMES
Gender Discrimination in the Workplace	155	(30)
Prejudice and Discrimination	157	(10)
Occupational Segregation and Gender Discrimination	167	(15)
Summary	182	(3)
Gender and the Legal Context in Which Men and Women Work	185	(33)
The Legal Framework for Dealing With Gender Discrimination in the Workplace	187	(12)
Enforcing Gender Discrimination Laws	199	(8)
Family-Related Legislation	207	(2)
Is Affirmative Action a Help or a Hindrance to Women in the Workplace?	209	(5)
Summary	214	(4)
Sexual Harassment	218	(34)
Emerging Awareness and Labeling of Sexual Harassment	220	(13)
Multifaceted Impact of Sexual Harassment	233	(5)
Bad Apples or Bad Barrels? Theories and Models of Sexual Harassment	238	(5)
Combating Sexual Harassment	243	(4)
Summary	247	(5)
Career Issues for Women and Men: Mentoring, Children, and Dual-Career Couples	252	(33)
Careers: Traditional Definitions and Emerging Forms	253	(6)
Women's Career Development	259	(6)
Mentoring in the Workplace	265	(3)
Childbearing, Child Care, and Careers	268	(6)
Dual-Career Couples	274	(5)
Summary	279	(6)
Gender and Leadership	285	(38)
Definitions and Theories of Leadership	287	(16)
Gender and Leadership	303	(9)
The Glass Ceiling: A Special Challenge for Women	312	(7)
Summary	319	(4)
Stress, Health, and Gender	323	(34)
Stress and Work	325	(9)
Gender, Stress, and Health Outcomes	334	(5)
Consequences of Stress	339	(5)
Stress Reduction: Coping Strategies and Interventions	344	(3)
Health Issues Unique to Women	347	(2)
Stress, Work, and Ethnic Minorities	349	(2)
Summary	351	(6)
PART IV: WHAT DO WE DO WITH WHAT WE KNOW AND DO NOT KNOW?
Managing Diversity: Research and Interventions	357	(25)
What Does It Mean to Manage Diversity?	358	(10)
Approaches to Developing Gender-Inclusive Organizations	368	(14)
Summary	382	(2)
References	384	(61)
Author Index	445	(14)
Subject Index	459