World Politics

by Kegley, Charles W.; Wittkopf, Eugene R.

• ISBN13: 9780534574437
• ISBN10: 0534574432
• Edition: CD
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2003-03-01
• Publisher: Cengage Learning

Summary

WORLD POLITICS: TREND AND TRANSFORMATION is the best selling text in International Relations, because of its trusted balance in coverage and approach, unmatched by any other text for the course. By analyzing both historical and contemporary trends and developments, utilizing theoretical concepts, and weaving in the interactions of global actors, WORLD POLITICS: TREND AND TRANSFORMATION resists the temptation to overly simplify world politics, presenting the material in a thought-provoking yet accessible manner while preparing students to assess the possibilities for the global future and its potential impact on their lives. The major theories scholars use to explain the dynamics underlying international relations?realism, liberalism, and their variants?frame the text. At the same time, this book incorporates the reconstructed theories newly advanced to interpret contemporary developments (such as constructivism and feminist theory) and resists the temptation to oversimplify world politics with a superficial treatment that would mask complexities and distort realities. In addition, major actors and current issues such as global welfare, international economics, ecology, and the environment are covered, as well as issues of global conflict, including the changing face of terrorism, national security, warfare, and approaches to peace.

Table of Contents

Controversy Boxes and Maps	p. xvii
Preface	p. xix
About the Authors	p. xxix
Trend and Transformation in world politics	p. 1
Exploring Twenty-First-Century World Politics	p. 2
The Investigative Challenge	p. 5
How Perceptions Influence Images of Reality	p. 9
The Nature and Sources of Images	p. 9
The Role of Images in World Politics	p. 13
Breaking the Global Puzzle into Parts: Interpreting at Different Levels of Analysis	p. 14
The Book's Approach: Actors, Issues, and Their Interactions	p. 16
Facing the Future: Key Questions to Confront at the Dawn of the New Millennium	p. 17
Are States Obsolete?	p. 17
Is Globalization a Cure or a Curse?	p. 18
What Will Be the Consequences of America's Superpower Status?	p. 19
Will Geo-Economics Supersede Geopolitics?	p. 20
What Constitutes Human Well-Being on an Ecologically Fragile Planet?	p. 21
Key Terms	p. 23
Suggested Reading	p. 23
Where on the World Wide Web?	p. 23
InfoTrac College Edition	p. 25
Theories of World Politics	p. 26
Understanding World Politics	p. 28
The Elusive Quest for Theory	p. 28
The Evolution of Theoretical Inquiry	p. 29
Liberalism	p. 29
The Liberal Worldview	p. 30
The Liberal Reform Program	p. 31
Realism	p. 33
The Realist Worldview	p. 33
Realism in the Nuclear Age	p. 35
The Limitations of Realism	p. 35
The Neorealist of "Structural" Extension of Realism	p. 38
The Neoclassical Extension of Realism	p. 39
Neoliberalism	p. 40
Transnational Interdependence as a Neoliberal Counter Worldview to Realism	p. 42
International Regimes	p. 44
Alternative Theories	p. 45
Theorizing about Theory: The Constructivist Conception	p. 46
Key Terms	p. 52
Suggested Reading	p. 52
Where on the World Wide Web?	p. 53
InfoTrac College Edition	p. 54
The Globe's Actors and Their Relations	p. 55
Foreign Policy Decision Making	p. 56
The Emergence of the Modern State System	p. 58
The Global and Domestic Determinants of States' Foreign Policy Behavior	p. 59
Geopolitics	p. 60
Military Capabilities	p. 62
Economic Conditions	p. 63
Type of Government	p. 65
The Unitary Actor and Rational Decision Making	p. 69
States as Unitary Actors?	p. 69
Policy Making as Rational Choice	p. 69
Impediments to Rational Choice	p. 72
The Bureaucratic Politics of Foreign Policy Decision Making	p. 78
Bureaucratic Efficiency and Rationality	p. 78
The Limits of Bureaucratic Organization	p. 78
Attributes of Bureaucratic Behavior	p. 82
The Consequences of Bureaucratic Policy Making	p. 85
The Role of Leaders in Foreign Policy Decision Making	p. 86
Leaders as Makers and Movers of World History	p. 86
Factors Affecting the Capacity to Lead	p. 88
Refinements to the History-Making Individuals Model	p. 91
Constraints on Foreign Policy Making: Problems and Prospects	p. 91
Key Terms	p. 91
Suggested Reading	p. 92
Where on the World Wide Web?	p. 92
InfoTrac College Edition	p. 93
Great-Power Rivalries and Relations	p. 94
The Quest for Great-Power Hegemony	p. 96
The First World War	p. 98
The Causes of World War I	p. 98
The Consequences of World War I	p. 102
The Second World War	p. 104
The Causes of World War II	p. 104
The Consequences of World War II	p. 109
The Cold War	p. 110
The Causes and Evolutionary Course of the Cold War	p. 111
The Consequences of the Cold War	p. 119
The Future of Great-Power Politics: A Cold Peace?	p. 119
America's Unipolar Moment in History	p. 119
From Unipolarity to Multipolarity?	p. 123
Responding to Multipolarity's Challenge	p. 126
Key Terms	p. 128
Suggested Reading	p. 128
Where on the World Wide Web?	p. 129
InfoTrac College Edition	p. 130
The Global South in a World of Powers	p. 131
The Colonial Origins of the Global South's Plight	p. 135
The First Wave of European Imperialism	p. 138
The Second Wave of European Imperialism	p. 140
Colonialism, Self-Determination, and Decolonization in the Twentieth Century	p. 142
North and South Today: Worlds Apart	p. 144
Theoretical Explanations of Underdevelopment	p. 147
Classical Economic Development Theory	p. 147
Two Structural Theories: Dependency Theory and World Systems	p. 147
Closing the Gap? The Global South's Prospects	p. 149
The Global South's Foreign Policy Response to a World Ruled by the Great Powers	p. 151
In Search of Power	p. 152
The Search for Wealth in a Globalized World	p. 154
Trade, Aid, Investment, Debt Relief-or Nothing?	p. 157
The Future Role of the Global South	p. 164
Key Terms	p. 164
Suggested Reading	p. 165
Where on the World Wide Web?	p. 165
InfoTrac College Edition	p. 167
Nonstate Actors in the Interstate System	p. 168
Nonstate Actors, Intergovernmental Organizations (IGOs), and Nongovernmental Organizations (NGOs): An Introduction	p. 170
Global Intergovernmental Organizations (IGOs)	p. 173
The United Nations	p. 173
The Organization of the United Nations: System and Structure	p. 176
Other Prominent Global IGOs: The World Trade Organization, the World Bank, and the International Monetary Fund	p. 181
The European Union as a Model Regional IGO: A Rite of Passage for "Euroland"?	p. 187
Other Regional IGOs	p. 192
Nongovernmental Organizations (NGOs)	p. 194
Nonstate Nations: The Indigenous Ethnic Groups of the Fourth World	p. 196
Religious Movements	p. 202
Multinational Corporations and Transnational Banks	p. 206
Are NGOs Capable of Transforming World Politics?	p. 211
Nonstate Actors: Saviors or Stranglers of the State?	p. 214
Key Terms	p. 216
Suggested Reading	p. 216
Where on the World Wide Web?	p. 217
InfoTrac College Edition	p. 218
Humanitarian Challenges and the Protection of Human Rights	p. 219
Putting People into the Picture	p. 221
How Does Humanity Fare? Assessing the Human Condition	p. 223
Measuring Human Development and Human Security	p. 227
Political and Economic Preconditions for Human Development	p. 229
Human Development in the Age of Globalization	p. 231
The Global Refugee Crisis	p. 233
Indigenous Peoples: Precarious Life in the Fourth World	p. 237
Fourth World Reactions to Human Rights Violations	p. 238
The Threat of State Disintegration to Human Security	p. 239
Gender Politics: The Subordinate Status of Women and Its Consequences	p. 240
Human Rights and the Protection of People	p. 244
International Ethics: Reconciling National Interests and Human Interests	p. 247
Key Terms	p. 256
Suggested Reading	p. 256
Where on the World Wide Web?	p. 257
InfoTrac College Edition	p. 258
The Politics of Global Welfare	p. 259
Globalization and the Prospects for Global Governance	p. 260
What Is Globalization?	p. 264
The Global Information Age	p. 265
The Media: Markets or Monopoly?	p. 271
Global Health or Global Infection?	p. 275
Global Migration	p. 278
The Globalization of Finance	p. 280
The Globalization of Trade	p. 283
Globalization and the State: What Future?	p. 295
Key Terms	p. 297
Suggested Reading	p. 298
Where on the World Wide Web?	p. 298
InfoTrac College Edition	p. 299
Markets and Money in the Global Political Economy	p. 300
The Global Context for Interpreting Contemporary World Economic Change	p. 302
The Shadow of Past Commercial Policy Philosophy	p. 303
The Clash between Liberal and Mercantile Values	p. 305
Hegemony: A Precondition for Economic Order and Free Trade?	p. 311
The Changing Free-Trade Regime	p. 317
Monetary Matters: Can Financial Regimes Promote Growth?	p. 320
The Nuts and Bolts of Monetary Policy	p. 322
The Bretton Woods Monetary System	p. 325
The End of Bretton Woods	p. 327
Floating Exchange Rates	p. 328
Reforming the International Financial Architecture?	p. 329
From Currency Concerns to Trade Troubles	p. 332
Emerging Unilateral Trade Policies	p. 332
The Fate of Free Trade: Triumph or Trouble in a Global Age?	p. 339
Premises for a Future Global Economy	p. 342
Global Economic Destiny?	p. 342
Playing Games with Prosperity on a Global Scale: Tricks-of-the-Trade Debate	p. 343
Key Terms	p. 344
Suggested Reading	p. 345
Where on the World Wide Web?	p. 346
InfoTrac College Edition	p. 347
Population Pressure, Resource Depletion, and the Preservation of the Global Environment	p. 348
Population Change as a Global Political Challenge	p. 350
Understanding Growth Rates: The Persian Chessboard	p. 350
The Demographic Divide between Global North and Global South	p. 353
Population Momentum	p. 353
From Population Explosion to Population Implosion-A Demographic Transition?	p. 356
New Plagues? The Global Impact of Tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS	p. 357
The International Response to Population Issues	p. 360
Food Fights: The Clash of Optimists and Pessimists	p. 361
A Prescription for Optimism or Pessimism?	p. 364
Environmental Security and Sustainable Development	p. 365
The Ecopolitics of Energy	p. 368
The Global Politics of Oil Supply and Consumption	p. 368
Running on Empty: Is Energy Security an Elusive Goal?	p. 369
The Ecopolitics of the Atmosphere	p. 375
Climate Change	p. 375
Climate-Change Culprits	p. 378
Ozone Protection	p. 380
The Ecopolitics of Forests and Biodiversity	p. 382
Shrinking Forests and Dust Bowls	p. 382
Biodiversity	p. 384
Toward Preservation: The International Response	p. 387
Trade, the Environment, and Sustainable Development	p. 390
Toward Sustainability?	p. 392
Key Terms	p. 394
Suggested Reading	p. 394
Where on the World Wide Web?	p. 395
InfoTrac College Edition	p. 396
Managing Global Conflict	p. 397
The Face of Twenty-First-Century Armed Conflict	p. 398
Continuities and Change in Armed Conflict	p. 400
Rival Theories of the Causes of Aggression	p. 403
The First Level of Analysis: Individuals' Human Nature	p. 403
The Second Level of Analysis: States' Internal Characteristics	p. 406
The Third Level of Analysis: Cycles of War and Peace in the Global System	p. 413
Armed Conflict within States	p. 420
The Characteristics of Civil War	p. 420
The Causes of Civil War	p. 422
The International Dimensions of Internal War	p. 426
Terrorism	p. 427
Key Terms	p. 438
Suggested Reading	p. 439
Where on the World Wide Web?	p. 439
InfoTrac College Edition	p. 440
Military Power, Coercive Diplomacy, and National Security	p. 441
Power in International Politics	p. 443
The Elements of State Power	p. 443
Distinguishing Power from Capabilities	p. 445
The Changing Character of World Power	p. 448
The Pursuit of Military Capabilities	p. 451
Trends in Military Spending	p. 452
Changes in Military Capabilities	p. 453
Trends in the Weapons Trade	p. 454
Trends in Weapons Technology	p. 460
Military Strategy in the Nuclear Age	p. 467
Compellence	p. 468
Deterrence	p. 468
Preemption	p. 470
The Uses and Limits of Coercive Diplomacy	p. 473
Military Intervention	p. 474
Economic Sanctions	p. 476
The Great Powers' National Security Strategies	p. 481
The U.S. Superpower Embraces a Revolutionary New Security Strategy	p. 481
Russia Adjusts to Its New Geostrategic Circumstances	p. 485
China's Global Clout and Security Posture	p. 486
Japan's Search for a Strategy	p. 488
Germany and the European Union Search for a Strategic Vision	p. 490
The Search for Security in an Insecure World	p. 492
Key Terms	p. 495
Suggested Reading	p. 495
Where on the World Wide Web?	p. 496
InfoTrac College Edition	p. 497
The Realist Road to Security Through Alliances, Arms Control, and the Balance of Power	p. 498
The Impact of Alliances on National and Global Security	p. 501
Realpolitik Assumptions of Balance-of-Power Theory	p. 503
Managing the Balance through a Concert of Great Powers	p. 507
Stabilizing Power Balances through Arms Control	p. 507
Arms Control versus Disarmament	p. 508
Bilateral Arms Control and Disarmament	p. 508
Multilateral Arms Control and Disarmament	p. 510
The Problematic Future of Arms Control and Disarmament	p. 512
Balancing Power in the Contemporary Global System	p. 515
Models of the Balance of Power in the Twenty-First Century	p. 516
World Domination by the U.S. Superpower, or a Multipolar Future of Balance-of-Power Competition?	p. 518
Key Terms	p. 525
Suggested Reading	p. 526
Where on the World Wide Web?	p. 526
InfoTrac College Edition	p. 527
The Liberal Institutional Paths to Peace	p. 528
International Law and World Order	p. 529
Law at the International Level: Core Principles	p. 531
The Limitations of the International Legal System	p. 533
The Relevance of International Law	p. 535
The Legal Control of Warfare	p. 537
International Organizations and World Order	p. 547
The United Nations and the Preservation of Peace	p. 547
Regional Security Organizations and Conflict Management	p. 554
Political Integration: The Functional and Neofunctional Paths to Peace	p. 556
World Federalism: A Single Global Government	p. 556
Functionalism	p. 558
Neofunctionalism	p. 560
Political Disintegration	p. 563
A Democratic Peace: Can Votes Stop Violence?	p. 564
Liberal Institutions and World Order: From Security to Stability?	p. 566
Key Terms	p. 567
Suggested Reading	p. 568
Where on the World Wide Web?	p. 569
InfoTrac College Edition	p. 570
The Problematic Twenty-First Century	p. 571
Ten Questions About Twenty-First-Century Global Prospects	p. 572
Toward the Future: Critical Questions at the Start of the New Millennium	p. 574
Should Global Interests Be Placed Ahead of National Interests?	p. 574
If War between States Is Obsolete, What Is the Purpose of Military Power?	p. 575
Can the New Global Terrorism Be Contained?	p. 578
Will Separatist Conflict within States Lead to Hundreds of New States?	p. 581
Will the Great Powers Intervene to Protect Human Rights?	p. 581
Will Globalization Tie the World Together or Tear It Apart?	p. 583
Is Realism Still Realistic and Is Liberalism Still Too Idealistic?	p. 585
Is the World Preparing for the Wrong War?	p. 587
Is This the "End of History"?	p. 588
Is There a Reordered Global Agenda?	p. 589
A New World Order or New World Disorder?	p. 590
Key Terms	p. 593
Suggested Reading	p. 593
Where on the World Wide Web?	p. 593
InfoTrac College Edition	p. 594
References	p. 1
Photo Credits	p. 1
Index	p. 1
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.