Preface | p. xiii |
Basic Concepts and Ideas | p. 2 |
What Is Geography and Should We Care? | p. 4 |
Geography Studies the Why of Where | p. 5 |
Roots: Whence We Came | p. 6 |
The Modern Practice of Geography | p. 9 |
Geography and Its Disciplinary Neighbors | p. 12 |
Understanding Change in Economy and Society | p. 14 |
Summary | p. 17 |
Key Terms | p. 17 |
Geography and Development in an Era of Globalization | p. 18 |
Development-What's in a Name? | p. 19 |
Human Transitions and Development Processes | p. 22 |
Globalization as a Human Transition? | p. 35 |
Sustainability Issues | p. 42 |
Summary | p. 47 |
Key Terms | p. 47 |
Geography in Action | |
How Does Development Happen in the Information Age? Is It the Result of a "Creative Class"? | p. 26 |
Demographic Transformation for More Industrialized and Less Industrialized Countries | p. 31 |
Globalization Vignettes | p. 38 |
Nature, Society, and Development | p. 48 |
How Places Are Classified Environmentally | p. 49 |
Use of the Environment | p. 61 |
Centers of Use and Habitat Modification | p. 63 |
The Geographic Dimensions of Development | p. 71 |
Development Explained (at Least in Theory) | p. 87 |
Summary | p. 92 |
Key Terms | p. 92 |
Review Questions | p. 92 |
Geographer's Craft | p. 93 |
Geography in Action | |
Soil Degradation | p. 60 |
The Green Revolution | p. 76 |
Women, Development, and the Gender-related Development Index | p. 90 |
United States and Canada | p. 94 |
The United States and Canada: The Physical and Human Contexts for Development | p. 96 |
Landform Geography | p. 97 |
Climate | p. 106 |
Early Settlement: European Culture Cores | p. 110 |
Westward Expansion and Receding Settlement Frontiers | p. 112 |
Demographic Characteristics | p. 120 |
Summary | p. 125 |
Key Terms | p. 125 |
Geography in Action | |
The Latest Battle for New Orleans | p. 102 |
Landforms and Climate: Orographic Effects in the United States | p. 108 |
The United States and Canada: The Geography of Economic Development | p. 126 |
Agriculture | p. 127 |
Resources for Industrial Growth and Development | p. 133 |
Manufacturing in the United States and Canada | p. 137 |
Urbanization in the United States and Canada | p. 146 |
Summary | p. 148 |
Key Terms | p. 149 |
Geography in Action | |
City Types and the American College Town | p. 148 |
The United States and Canada: Challenges in a Developed Realm | p. 150 |
Income Disparity and Regional Challenges | p. 151 |
African Americans | p. 154 |
Hispanic Americans | p. 157 |
Other Minorities | p. 161 |
Canadian Identity and Unity | p. 162 |
"Melting Pot," "Stew Pot," or What? | p. 164 |
Summary | p. 166 |
Key Terms | p. 167 |
Review Questions | p. 167 |
Geographer's Craft | p. 167 |
Geography in Action | |
Appalachian Poverty | p. 156 |
Canadian Unity | p. 162 |
The "Dearborn Effect": Ethnic Clustering in Contemporary American Cities | p. 165 |
Latin America and the Caribbean | p. 168 |
Latin America and the Caribbean: Physical Diversity and Cultural Heritage | p. 170 |
Physical Diversity | p. 172 |
The Iberian Heritage | p. 175 |
The Colonial Period | p. 179 |
The Era of Independence | p. 184 |
Modern Latin America | p. 185 |
Summary | p. 195 |
Key Terms | p. 195 |
Geography in Action | |
Altitudinal Life Zones in the Andes | p. 177 |
Tropical Polyculture and the Conservation of Global Biodiversity | p. 186 |
Return Migration and the Global Economy | p. 188 |
Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean: Lands of Contrast | p. 196 |
Mexico: A Nation of Great Development Potential | p. 197 |
Central America: Region of Fragile Democracies and Widespread Poverty | p. 206 |
The Caribbean: Region of Cultural Diversity and Limited Physical Endowments | p. 211 |
Summary | p. 215 |
Key Terms | p. 215 |
Geography in Action | |
The Globalization of Industry: Mexico's Maquiladora Program | p. 203 |
Environmental Degradation in Mexico City | p. 205 |
South America: Regions of Uneven Development | p. 216 |
Andean South America: Lands of Physical and Social Fragmentation | p. 217 |
Southern South America: Lands of Economic Growth | p. 231 |
Brazil: Latin America's Potential Economic Giant | p. 236 |
Summary | p. 242 |
Key Terms | p. 243 |
Review Questions | p. 243 |
Geographer's Craft | p. 243 |
Geography in Action | |
Health and Development in the Humid Lowlands of Latin America | p. 222 |
High Altitude Adaptation in the South American Andes | p. 228 |
Latin America's Street Children | p. 236 |
Europe | p. 244 |
The European Habitat | p. 246 |
Landforms | p. 247 |
Climate Regions | p. 252 |
Hydrogeography | p. 255 |
Mineral Resources | p. 255 |
Environmental Modifications | p. 255 |
Environmental Crises | p. 260 |
European Union Environmental Policies | p. 262 |
Summary | p. 263 |
Key Terms | p. 263 |
Geography in Action | |
The Rhine River: Economic and Cultural Significance | p. 256 |
Dutch Coastline Alteration | p. 258 |
The Black Triangle | p. 260 |
Europe: Culture, Society, Economy | p. 264 |
Religious Regions | p. 265 |
Language Patterns | p. 268 |
Population | p. 268 |
Standard of Living | p. 270 |
Immigration | p. 270 |
Europe's Cities | p. 270 |
Primary and Secondary Industries | p. 277 |
Industrial Rejuvenation | p. 277 |
Service Industries | p. 279 |
Agriculture | p. 283 |
Summary | p. 285 |
Key Terms | p. 285 |
Geography in Action | |
Counterurbanization | p. 276 |
"Technopoles" | p. 279 |
Europe: Political Geography | p. 286 |
Separatism | p. 287 |
Germany | p. 289 |
France | p. 291 |
Switzerland and Belgium | p. 292 |
Yugoslavia: A Balkan Tragedy | p. 295 |
The United Kingdom | p. 296 |
Italy | p. 297 |
Spain | p. 298 |
Poland | p. 299 |
Romania | p. 300 |
The European Union | p. 301 |
Summary | p. 305 |
Key Terms | p. 305 |
Review Questions | p. 305 |
Geographer's Craft | p. 305 |
Geography in Action | |
Liechtenstein: A European Ministate | p. 289 |
Turkey in the EU? Cultural Regions in Conflict | p. 304 |
Russia and Central Eurasia | p. 306 |
The In-Between Countries of Eurasia: Physical Geography and Historical Context | p. 308 |
Physical Geography | p. 309 |
Historical Overview | p. 314 |
Summary | p. 323 |
Key Terms | p. 323 |
Geography in Action | |
Russia's Natural Resources: Are They Worth It? | p. 313 |
Environmental Problems and Prospects | p. 321 |
War in Chechnya | p. 322 |
The In-Between Countries of Eurasia: The Geography of Their Political Economies | p. 324 |
The Russian Federation: Economic Policy and Society | p. 325 |
Ukraine: A New Start | p. 336 |
Belarus: Stuck in Transition | p. 337 |
Summary | p. 338 |
Key Terms | p. 339 |
Geography in Action | |
Moscow: Emerging Global City? | p. 330 |
The Caspian Sea: Geopolitics of Oil | p. 334 |
Central Asia and Afghanistan: Historical and Geographical Context of Economy and Environment | p. 340 |
Natural Regions | p. 341 |
Central Asian Heritage | p. 343 |
Society and Culture | p. 345 |
"De-Modernization" | p. 347 |
Modern Afghanistan | p. 350 |
Post 9/11 Impacts in Central Asia and Afghanistan | p. 353 |
Summary | p. 354 |
Key Terms | p. 355 |
Review Questions | p. 355 |
Geographer's Craft | p. 355 |
Geography in Action | |
The Aral Sea | p. 348 |
Warlords and Opium | p. 351 |
Australia, New Zealand, and the Pacific Islands | p. 356 |
Australia, New Zealand, and the Pacific Islands: Isolation and Space | p. 358 |
Australia | p. 359 |
New Zealand | p. 370 |
The Pacific Islands | p. 371 |
Summary | p. 376 |
Key Terms | p. 377 |
Review Questions | p. 377 |
Geographer's Craft | p. 377 |
Geography in Action | |
Frontiers: Australia's Northwest | p. 362 |
Asia | p. 378 |
Asia: A Physical and Human Overview | p. 380 |
The Monsoon Climate: Wet and Dry Seasons | p. 381 |
Population and Favored Environments | p. 383 |
Cultural Diversity: Past and Present | p. 385 |
Colonial and Modern Economies | p. 386 |
Development Indicators | p. 391 |
Summary | p. 393 |
Key Terms | p. 393 |
Geography in Action | |
The Economy and Culture of Rice | p. 386 |
Asian Values, Development, and Globalization | p. 392 |
Japan | p. 394 |
Resources: Compensating for Scarcity | p. 396 |
Human Resources: The Hybrid Culture | p. 401 |
The Japan Model | p. 403 |
The Consequences of the Japan Model | p. 412 |
Japan's Third Transformation: Charting a New Course | p. 417 |
Summary | p. 419 |
Key Terms | p. 419 |
Geography in Action | |
The Outsiders: Minorities in Japan | p. 402 |
From Dattogo to Toyota | p. 408 |
China and Its Pacific Rim Neighbors | p. 420 |
Environmental Diversity | p. 421 |
Spatial Evolution of Chinese Culture | p. 426 |
East Meets West | p. 430 |
Transformation Under Communism | p. 433 |
Transformation of Agricultural Production | p. 433 |
Industry and Regional Economic Growth | p. 435 |
Urbanization and Migration | p. 443 |
Population Contours | p. 446 |
Environmental Sustainability | p. 449 |
Challenges to China's Future | p. 450 |
China's Pacific Rim Neighbors | p. 450 |
Summary | p. 454 |
Key Terms | p. 455 |
Geography in Action | |
The Three Gorges Project: Dams and Development | p. 425 |
Language and Development | p. 427 |
Confucianism and Local-Global Processes | p. 429 |
Chinese Apple Exports and Globalization | p. 436 |
Hong Kong's Past, Present, and Future | p. 441 |
Southeast Asia: Development Diversity | p. 456 |
Areal Organization and Environmental Patterns | p. 457 |
Pre-European Culture and Economy | p. 459 |
Colonialism and Development | p. 460 |
Modern Economic Growth and Stagnation | p. 465 |
Summary | p. 481 |
Key Terms | p. 481 |
Geography in Action | |
The Asian Tsunami | p. 460 |
Islam in Insular Southeast Asia | p. 463 |
Overseas Chinese | p. 465 |
Forest Clearance and Underdevelopment | p. 470 |
Migrant Labor and Economic Development | p. 476 |
The Golden Triangle, Drugs, and AIDS | p. 481 |
South Asia: India and Its Neighbors | p. 482 |
Environmental Contrasts | p. 483 |
The Precolonial Heritage | p. 485 |
Colonial Transformation | p. 489 |
Independence and Nation-State Building | p. 491 |
Population Contours of India | p. 494 |
Agricultural Development in India | p. 500 |
India's Industrial Economy | p. 503 |
Urban India | p. 506 |
Pakistan | p. 509 |
Nepal | p. 511 |
Bangladesh | p. 512 |
Sri Lanka | p. 515 |
Summary | p. 516 |
Key Terms | p. 516 |
Review Questions | p. 517 |
Geographer's Craft | p. 517 |
Geography in Action | |
Being Poor and Female in South Asia | p. 499 |
Peasant Farmers Contest the Global Economy | p. 503 |
"IT for All" and the Digital Divide | p. 506 |
Globalization and India's Diaspora | p. 507 |
Water Resource Security and Development | p. 514 |
The Middle East and North Africa | p. 518 |
The Middle East and North Africa: Physical and Cultural Environments | p. 520 |
Physical Geography of the Region | p. 521 |
Land-use Patterns | p. 526 |
Historical Overview | p. 532 |
Summary | p. 539 |
Key Terms | p. 539 |
Geography in Action | |
Land Degradation in North Africa and the Middle East | p. 528 |
Cairo: Dryland Metropolis in Distress | p. 532 |
The Reassertion of Islamic Values | p. 536 |
The Mediterranean Crescent: Maximizing Limited Resources | p. 540 |
Large States, Integrated Economies | p. 541 |
Small States, Unique Economies | p. 552 |
Summary | p. 559 |
Key Terms | p. 559 |
Geography in Action | |
Tourism in the Middle East and North Africa | p. 550 |
The Gulf States: Living on Oil | p. 560 |
Regional Characteristics | p. 561 |
Development and the Petroleum Economy | p. 571 |
The Impact of Oil | p. 573 |
Petroleum Powerhouses: Isolation and Globalization | p. 576 |
Summary | p. 585 |
Key Terms | p. 585 |
Review Questions | p. 585 |
Geographer's Craft | p. 585 |
Geography in Action | |
Jeddah's Urban Environmental Crisis | p. 564 |
Overcoming North African and Middle Eastern Women's Opportunity Constraints | p. 567 |
Conflict in the Gulf | p. 568 |
Africa South of the Sahara | p. 586 |
Africa South of the Sahara: Legacy of Continuity and Change | p. 588 |
Environmental Diversity | p. 589 |
Precolonial Africa | p. 593 |
European Colonialism | p. 596 |
Contemporary Sub-Saharan Africa | p. 599 |
Development Trends in Sub-Saharan Africa | p. 610 |
Summary | p. 620 |
Key Terms | p. 621 |
Geography in Action | |
Africa's Limited Green Revolution | p. 609 |
Gender Inequality in Sub-Saharan Africa | p. 613 |
West, Central, and East Africa: Diversity in Development | p. 622 |
The Physical Environment | p. 623 |
West Africa | p. 629 |
Central Africa | p. 636 |
East Africa | p. 639 |
Summary | p. 643 |
Key Terms | p. 643 |
Geography in Action | |
Deforestation in West and Central Africa | p. 628 |
Tragedy in Sudan's Darfur Region | p. 631 |
The Ebola Virus | p. 637 |
Southern Africa: Development in Transition | p. 644 |
Physical-Environmental Characteristics of the Region | p. 645 |
Countries of Southern Africa | p. 647 |
South Africa: Country in Transition | p. 652 |
Summary | p. 661 |
Key Terms | p. 661 |
Review Questions | p. 661 |
Geographer's Craft | p. 661 |
Geography in Action | |
Chronology of Apartheid Legislation and Related Events in South Africa | p. 654 |
Further Readings | p. FR-1 |
Glossary | p. G-1 |
Credits | p. C-1 |
Index | p. I-1 |
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