World War I and European Society

by Shevin-Coetzee, Marilyn; Coetzee, Frans

• ISBN13: 9780669334708
• ISBN10: 0669334707
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1995-03-01
• Publisher: Cengage Learning

Summary

This important sourcebook provides undergraduates with an introduction to the social, political, economic, and cultural aspects of World War I previously ignored or underemphasized in textbooks. By concentrating on the experiences of real people such as soldiers fighting at the front, people waiting in bread lines, and women working in munitions factories, the volume illustrates the impact of the war on men and women throughout Europe.

Table of Contents

Introduction	1	(6)
Part I The Challenge of Mobilization and Stalemate	7	(90)
The Mood of 1914	12	(24)
Mobilization of French Troops	12	(6)
Diary of a French Army Chaplain	12	(3)
Memoirs of War	15	(1)
On the Way to the Front	15	(3)
Belgium on the Defensive	18	(1)
A Just War Against England	19	(2)
Hussars on the March	21	(2)
The View from St. Petersburg	23	(2)
Britain's Destiny and Duty	25	(1)
Manifesto of German University Professors	26	(2)
German Socialists Support the War	28	(2)
``Chant of Hate''	30	(1)
``The Beginnings''	31	(1)
Common Sense About the War	32	(3)
The Socialist Alternative	35	(1)
Accommodation to Military Service	36	(13)
To Give One's Life for the Fatherland	36	(1)
War Letter from France	37	(1)
German Students' War Letters	38	(4)
Franz Blumenfeld	38	(2)
Herbert Weisser	40	(2)
A British Student in Arms	42	(2)
We of Italy	44	(1)
Long Live Our Navy	44	(1)
This War of Liberation	45	(1)
A French Historian Remembers	45	(4)
The Realities of War	49	(25)
The Attack	49	(4)
English War Letters	53	(6)
Harold Chapin	54	(1)
Julian Grenfell	55	(1)
Melville Hastings	56	(3)
A French Soldier Confronts the Stalemate	59	(1)
German Students at War	60	(4)
Alfons Ankenbrand	60	(2)
Kurt Peterson	62	(1)
Johannes Haas	62	(2)
Copse 125	64	(2)
On the Eastern Front	66	(5)
John Morse	66	(4)
Bemard Pares	70	(1)
The Keys of Jerusalem	71	(3)
The Varieties of War	74	(23)
The First Gas Attack	74	(1)
Rusting at Anchor	75	(2)
Adventures of the U-202	77	(2)
Knights of the Sky	79	(5)
Wings of War	80	(2)
Aerial Combat	82	(1)
``A Song of the Plane''	83	(1)
Zeppelin over England	84	(5)
The New Heroes	89	(3)
Humor and Morale	92	(5)
``War''	92	(1)
``Ten German Pioneers''	93	(1)
``Rats''	94	(3)
Part II Society Under Stress	97	(94)
Religion, Nationalism, and Nationalities	105	(34)
The Sacred Union and French Catholicism	105	(5)
A British Clergyman at the Front	110	(1)
Italian Clergy Greet the War	111	(3)
Military Chaplain Donatelli	112	(1)
Rabbi Levi	113	(1)
A German Rabbi in the Field	114	(1)
Faith in the Midst of Death	115	(6)
The Religion of the Inarticulate	116	(2)
Mass and Benediction in the Field	118	(1)
Spiritual Consciousness	119	(2)
Russian Jews Demand an End to Discrimination	121	(3)
Ethnic Minorities in the Austro-Hungarian Empire	124	(5)
Race and Religion	129	(6)
German Subversion in London	135	(4)
Standards of Living	139	(15)
A Bremen Family's Suffering	139	(2)
No Meat in Berlin	141	(2)
Diet and Nutrition in Wartime	143	(7)
Workers' Diets	144	(3)
Wartime Cookery	147	(2)
Practicing Strict Economy	149	(1)
The Experience of Children	150	(4)
Marie Lacante	151	(1)
Andre Houwen	151	(1)
Orphans	152	(2)
Gender and Feminism	154	(27)
A New Spirit at Work	154	(3)
Loss and Gain	157	(3)
A New Role for Women?	160	(7)
Does Women's Service Entitle Them to the Vote?	167	(2)
The Woman Worker After the War	169	(3)
Women's National Service in Germany	172	(3)
Helene Lange	172	(2)
Magda Trott	174	(1)
A Woman in the Service of the Tsar	175	(6)
A Crisis of Masculinity	181	(10)
A Scandalous Trial	181	(1)
Shell Shock	182	(3)
Nature and Causes	183	(1)
Malingering	184	(1)
The Disabled Soldier	185	(6)
What the Disabled Soldier Wants to Know	186	(1)
Training the Disabled	186	(5)
Part III State and Society in Crisis	191	(108)
The Expansion of the State	198	(20)
The War and British Liberties	198	(2)
The State as the Supreme God?	200	(1)
Germany's Government at War	201	(2)
Censorship	203	(5)
War, Prostitution, and Venereal Disease in Germany	208	(4)
Prince Lvov on Russia's Opportunities and Difficulties	212	(3)
Russian Education	215	(3)
Economic Mobilization	218	(29)
Austria-Hungary's War Economy	218	(4)
Economic Exhaustion in Southeastern Europe	222	(3)
Weakness of the Italian Economy	225	(1)
Mobilizing Italian Workers	226	(4)
Russia's Economic Situation	230	(2)
Organizing Raw Materials in Germany	232	(5)
Germany's Food Supply	237	(2)
Germany's Economic Collapse	239	(3)
Conditions in Berlin	239	(2)
Captain Roddie on Leipzig	241	(1)
A German Woman's Petition	241	(1)
Food for France	242	(5)
Dissent, Mutiny, and Revolution	247	(52)
Neutralism in Italy	247	(3)
Resignation in the French Villages	250	(2)
The French Mutinies	252	(2)
Shattered Spirits	254	(1)
A Soldier's Reflections	255	(4)
Working-Class Resistance in Britain	259	(3)
The Cost of Conscience	262	(2)
Britain's Parliament Debates Conscientious Objection	264	(3)
Pacifism --- A Political Crime?	267	(2)
Lenin's View of the War	269	(2)
A Socialist Appeal to Workers	271	(2)
Strikes in Britain	273	(3)
Rebellion in Ireland	276	(2)
A Warning from the SPD	278	(3)
Revolutionary Sentiment in Germany	281	(8)
Proclamation of the War Office at Leipzig to the Workers, April 20, 1917	281	(1)
The Demands of the Strike Directorate in Berlin, January 29, 1918	282	(1)
Mutiny and Revolution in the German Fleet	283	(6)
The Role of Women in a New Germany	289	(2)
The Russian Revolution	291	(8)
Army State of Mind	291	(1)
The Baltic Fleet	292	(1)
War Management at Court	293	(1)
The Revolution at the Front	294	(5)
Part IV The Aesthetic War	299	(64)
War of Words	305	(24)
Women's Perspective	305	(4)
``Sing a Song of War-Time''	306	(1)
``Women at Munition Making''	307	(1)
``Peace''	308	(1)
``A Working Party''	309	(1)
``The Dead''	310	(1)
Suffering on the Eastern Front	311	(2)
``War''	311	(1)
``In the East''	312	(1)
``Grodek''	312	(1)
The Destruction of Youth	313	(3)
``Disabled''	313	(2)
``Mental Cases''	315	(1)
The Soldier as Reader	316	(3)
On Keeping a Diary	319	(1)
Propaganda	320	(3)
German Atrocities	323	(6)
The Visual War	329	(24)
Kathe Kollwitz's Diary	329	(3)
Hospital Orderly Felixmuller	332	(2)
An Appeal to Solidarity	334	(3)
``Hymn of Brotherly Love''	334	(2)
``To All Artists, Musicians, Poets''	336	(1)
``An Appeal from Russian Artists''	337	(16)
Photo Essay: On Using Posters as Evidence	339	(14)
War and Memory	353	(10)
Why Men Fought	353	(3)
War Cemeteries	356	(7)
Epilogue	363	(4)
Suggestions for Further Reading	367