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Summary
This process-based paragraph-to-essay level text makes three basic assumptions about developing writers: they learn to write best by writing, they need to revise their work significantly, and they deserve comprehensive instruction on why and how to revise to express themselves more effectively. To this end, A Writer's Workshop provides many opportunities for students at all levels--from the least-to best prepared--to write often with a rhetorical context and to critically evaluate their work.
Table of Contents
*New to this Edition
Preface
Unit I: Getting Our Feet Wet
1. Practicing the Writing Process
How Do We Begin to Write?
Questions to Ask at the Start of a Writing Project
After Breaking Groundinto the Writing Process
Steps in the Writing Process
Discovering Ideas
Freewriting
Clustering
Brainstorming (Listing)
Journalists Questions
Patterns of Development
Journal Entries
Considering Your Audience
Organizing Ideas
Rough Outlines
Formal Outlines
Drafting
Preparing a Workspace and Moving Ahead
Breaking Out of Writers Block
Revising
Revision Priority List
Group Revising
How the Writer Can Help the Reader
How the Reader Can Help the Writer
Editing
How to Edit
Major Categories of Mechanical Errors
Proofreading
How to Proofread and Prepare Your Final Manuscript
Diagnostic Writing Assignments
Chapter Summary
2. Making the Most of Reading
Is There a Method to Effective Reading?
Methods for Reading
Prereading: Preparing to Understand
Signposts
Beginnings and Endings
Connections: Linking New to Previous Knowledge
Reading: Processing Ideas
Anticipating and Reacting
Visualizing
Linking New to Previous Knowledge
Reading: Focusing and Recording Main Ideas
Looking for Thesis, Topic, and Summary Sentences
Focusing on Primary (Essential) Examples
Expecting to Find Repeated Material
Noticing the Patterns of Development
Learning to Annotate, Outline, Summarize, and Paraphrase
Organizing Body Paragraphs
Postreading: Retaining Ideas
Chapter Summary
Unit II: Working with the Paragraph
3. Introducing the Paragraph
What Is a Paragraph?
Writing a Topic Sentence
How to Write a Topic Sentence
Focusing Topic Sentences
Revising Topic Sentences
Developing Body Paragraphs
Kinds of Support
Sufficient Support
Relevant SupportAchieving Unity
Clear Support
Writing a Concluding Sentence
How to Write a Concluding Sentence
Expanded Thought
Organizing Body Paragraphs
Connecting SentencesAchieving Coherence
Methods for Achieving Coherence
Transitions
Repetition
Synonyms
Pronouns
Reference to Main Ideas
Selecting a Title
How to Write Effective Titles
What to Avoid in Titles
Formatting
Chapter Summary
4. Revising Paragraphs
Revising Paragraphs
Revising First-Stage Drafts: Chapters 8-11
Revising Second-Stage Drafts
Editing
Editing Review
Editing Problems for All Patterns of Development
A Special Note on Verb Tense in Narrative
Proofreading
How to Proofread and Prepare Your Final Manuscript
5. Picturing A Place
What Are We Trying to Achieve and Why?
Developing Skills, Exploring Ideas in Descriptive
Paragraphs
Using Specific, Concrete Language
Establishing and Strengthening the Dominant Impression
Organizing Descriptions by Using a Spatial Arrangement
Locating the Reader in Space and Time
Descriptive Paragraphs: Looking Closely at Student Models
"Untitled" by Andrea Turner
"Waking Up the Right Way" by Stacey Becker
Questions for Paragraph Analysis
Writing a Descriptive Paragraph
The Assignment
Establishing Audience and Purpose
Working Through the Writing Assignment
Discovering Ideas
Prewriting Suggestions
Organizing Ideas
Drafting
Revising First-Stage Drafts
Revising Second and Final Drafts
Annotated Student Model
"Our Family Outing" by Jo Lucas
Final-Draft Checklist
Chapter Summary
Alternate Writing Assignments
6. Telling Your Own Story
What Are We Trying to Achieve and Why?
Developing Skills, Exploring Ideas in Narrative Paragraphs
Creating Conflict, Suspense, and a Climax
Finding the Significance of a Story
Building a Story That Shows as well as Tells
Using Effective Dialogue
Including Metaphors and Similes to Add Clarity and Interest
Narrative Paragraphs: Looking Closely at Student Models
"Sixteen and Mother of Twelve" by Leilani Houston
"What a Joke!" by Anna Suarez
Questions for Paragraph Analysis
Writing a Narrative Paragraph
The Assignment
Establishing Your Audience and Purpose
Working through the Writing Assignment
Discovering Ideas
Prewriting Suggestions
Organizing Ideas
Drafting
Revising First-Stage Drafts
Revising Second and Final Drafts
Annotated Student Model
"Do Unto Others" by Chris Potts
Final-Draft Checklist
Chapter Summary
Alternate Writing Assignments
7. Illustrating through Examples
What Are We Trying to Achieve and Why?
Developing Skills, Exploring Ideas in Illustration Paragraphs
Organizing Examples through Subtopic Sentences
Arranging Examples by Order of Importance
Linking Sentences
Developing Examples
Illustration Paragraphs: Looking Closely at Student Models
"Teaching with Whips" by Jeong Yi
"Dying to Have Fun" by Thomas Kellogg
"Dangers in a Deli" by Catherine Denning
Questions for Paragraph Analysis
Writing an Illustration Paragraph
The Assignment
Establishing Your Audience and Purpose
Working through the Writing Assignment
Discovering Ideas
Prewriting Suggestions
Organizing Ideas
Drafting
Revising First-Stage Drafts
Annotated Student Model
"Nothing Worthwhile Comes Easy" by William Ross
Final-Draft Checklist
Chapter Summary
Alternate Writing Assignments
8. Creating and Explaining Groups
What Are We Trying to Achieve and Why?
Developing Skills, Exploring Ideas in Classification Paragraphs
Using a Single Organizing Principle
Selecting an Organizing Principle
Dividing and Developing Topics
Completing the Groups
Classification Paragraphs: Looking Closely at Student Models
"Mall Crashers" by Chanthan Srouch
"Shopping the Easy Way" by Ann Nall
Questions for Paragraph Analysis
Writing a Classification Paragraph
The Assignment
Establishing Your Audience and Purpose
Working through the Writing Assignment
Discovering Ideas
Prewriting Suggestions
Organizing Ideas
Drafting
Revising Drafts
Annotated Student Model
"I Do" by Richard Bailey
Final-Draft Checklist
Chapter Summary
Alternate Writing Assignments
9. Recognizing Causes, Explaining Effects
What Are We Trying to Achieve and Why?
Developing Skills, Exploring Ideas in Cause or Effect Paragraphs
Discovering Causes and Effects
Developing Causes and Effects
Choosing Real Causes and Effects
Thinking Critically
Cause or Effect Paragraphs: Analyzing Student Models
"Making the Promise Last" by Gebdao Kaiwalweroj
"The Thousand-Dollar Lesson" by Lucas Eimers
Questions for Paragraph Analysis
Writing a Cause or Effect Paragraph
The Assignment
Establishing Your Audience and Purpose
Working through the Writing Assignment
Discovering Ideas
Prewriting Suggestions
Organizing Ideas
Drafting
Revising Drafts
Annotated Student Model
"Building Memories" by Brian Peraud
Final-Draft Checklist
Chapter Summary
Alternate Writing Assignments
10. Explaining Activities: Doing Them, Understanding Them
What Are We Trying to Achieve and Why?
Developing Skills, Exploring Ideas in Process-Analysis Paragraphs
Listing All Necessary Steps
Explaining Steps ThoroughlyGiving Reasons and Warnings
Defining All Terms
Avoiding Monotonous Sentence Patterns
Process Analysis Paragraphs: Analyzing Student Models
"A Boys Best Friend" by Steve Oh
"Recipe for a Red-Hot Sunday" by Jeff Coburn
Questions for Paragraph Analysis
Writing a Process Analysis Paragraph
The Assignment
Establishing Your Audience and Purpose
Working through the Writing Assignment
Discovering Ideas
Prewriting Suggestions
Organizing Ideas
Drafting
Revising Drafts
Annotated Student Model
"Staying Alive" by Carla Schumann
Chapter Summary
Alternate Writing Assignments
11. Explaining Similarities and Differences
What Are We Trying to Achieve and Why?
Developing Skills, Exploring Ideas in Comparison/Contrast Paragraphs