Preface | p. v |
Introduction: Writing about Literature | p. 1 |
The Role of Good Reading | p. 2 |
The Value of Rereading | p. 2 |
Critical Reading | p. 2 |
The Myth of "Hidden Meaning" | p. 3 |
Active Reading | p. 4 |
Annotating | p. 4 |
Samuel Taylor Coleridge, "Kubla Khan" | p. 6 |
Notetaking | p. 7 |
Journal Keeping | p. 7 |
Using Reference Materials | p. 9 |
Asking Critical Questions of Literature | p. 9 |
Questions about the Text | p. 10 |
Ben Jonson, "On My First Son" | p. 11 |
Questions about the Author | p. 11 |
Questions about the Cultural Context | p. 12 |
Questions about the Reader | p. 13 |
Tips for Good Reading | p. 15 |
The Writing Process | p. 16 |
Choosing a Topic | p. 16 |
Developing an Argument | p. 17 |
The Thesis | p. 17 |
Gathering Support for Your Thesis | p. 19 |
Organizing Your Paper | p. 20 |
Drafting, Revising, and Editing | p. 22 |
Drafting | p. 23 |
Revising | p. 23 |
Tips for Drafting, Revising, and Editing | p. 25 |
Final Editing and Proofreading | p. 26 |
Final Editing Checklist | p. 27 |
Peer Editing and Workshops | p. 28 |
Trouble Spots | p. 31 |
Introductions | p. 31 |
Conclusions | p. 32 |
Transitions | p. 33 |
Tips for Writing about Literature | p. 33 |
Using Quotations Effectively | p. 35 |
Adding to or Altering a Quotation | p. 36 |
Omitting Words from a Quotation | p. 36 |
Quotations within Quotations | p. 37 |
Quotation Marks with Other Punctuation | p. 37 |
Quoting from Stories | p. 38 |
Quoting from Poems | p. 39 |
Quoting from Plays | p. 40 |
Tips for Quoting | p. 41 |
Manuscript Form | p. 42 |
Common Writing Assignments | p. 43 |
Summary | p. 43 |
Explication | p. 44 |
"Upon Julia's Clothes" | p. 45 |
"Poetry in Motion: Herrick's 'Upon Julia's Clothes" | p. 46 |
Analysis | p. 47 |
"My Last Duchess" | p. 48 |
"Possessed by the Need for Possession: Browning's 'My Last Duchess'" | p. 50 |
Comparison and Contrast | p. 51 |
"After Death" | p. 52 |
"Speakers for the Dead: Narrators in 'My Last Duchess' and 'After Death'" | p. 53 |
Essay Exams | p. 54 |
Writing About Stories | p. 57 |
Elements of Fiction | p. 57 |
Plot | p. 57 |
Characters | p. 57 |
Point of View | p. 58 |
Setting | p. 58 |
Theme | p. 59 |
Symbolism | p. 59 |
Style | p. 59 |
Stories for Analysis | p. 60 |
"The Story of an Hour" | p. 61 |
"The Yellow Wallpaper" | p. 63 |
Questions on the Stories | p. 77 |
Sample Paper: An Essay That Compares and Contrasts | p. 77 |
"Good Husbands in Bad Marriages" | p. 79 |
Writing About Poems | p. 82 |
Elements of Poetry | p. 82 |
The Speaker | p. 82 |
The Listener | p. 82 |
Imagery | p. 83 |
Sound and Sense | p. 83 |
A Poem for Analysis | p. 87 |
"Sonnet 116" | p. 87 |
Questions on the Poem | p. 88 |
Sample Paper: An Explication | p. 88 |
"Shakespeare Defines Love" | p. 89 |
Writing About Plays | p. 92 |
Elements of Drama | p. 92 |
A Play for Analysis | p. 93 |
"Trifles" | p. 94 |
Questions about the Play | p. 106 |
Sample Paper: An Analysis | p. 106 |
"Moral Ambiguity and Character Development in Trifles" | p. 107 |
Writing A Literary Research Paper | p. 110 |
Finding Sources | p. 110 |
Books | p. 111 |
Periodicals | p. 111 |
Online Indexes | p. 112 |
Interlibrary Loan | p. 113 |
The Internet | p. 113 |
Evaluating Sources | p. 114 |
Working with Sources | p. 115 |
Quoting | p. 116 |
Paraphrasing and Summarizing | p. 116 |
Commenting | p. 116 |
Keeping Track of Your Sources | p. 117 |
Writing the Paper | p. 117 |
Refine Your Thesis | p. 117 |
Organize Your Evidence | p. 117 |
Start Your Draft | p. 118 |
Revise | p. 118 |
Edit and Proofread | p. 118 |
Understanding and Avoiding Plagiarism | p. 119 |
What to Document and What Not to Document | p. 121 |
Documenting Sources: MLA Format | p. 121 |
In-Text Citations | p. 124 |
Preparing Your Works Cited List | p. 127 |
Sample Research Paper | p. 137 |
"Emily Dickinson's 'Because I could not stop for Death': Challenging Readers' Expectations" | p. 138 |
Literary Criticism and Literary Theory | p. 143 |
Formalism and New Criticism | p. 144 |
Feminist and Gender Criticism | p. 144 |
Marxist Criticism | p. 145 |
Cultural Studies | p. 146 |
Historical Criticism and New Historicism | p. 147 |
Psychological Theories | p. 148 |
Reader-Response Theories | p. 149 |
Structuralism | p. 150 |
Poststructuralism and Deconstruction | p. 151 |
Index of Terms | p. 153 |
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