Writing Papers in Psychology

by Rosnow, Ralph L.; Rosnow, Mimi

• ISBN13: 9781111726133
• ISBN10: 1111726132
• Edition: 9th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2011-03-14
• Publisher: Wadsworth Publishing

Summary

WRITING PAPERS IN PSYCHOLOGY offers you frameworks, tips, guidelines, and sample illustrations for writing research reports or literature reviews that must conform to style recommendations of the American Psychological Association. It also is designed to cultivate your organizing, literature retrieval, critical reasoning, and communication skills under deadlines. For more than a decade, this brief, inexpensive, and easy-to-use manual has helped thousands of students in psychology and related fields with the task of writing term papers and reports.

Table of Contents

Preface for Instructors	p. X
Getting Started	p. 1
Where to Begin	p. 1
Flowchart to walk yon through Writing Papers	p. 2
Writing in APA Style	p. 3
Your Instructor's Expectations	p. 5
Focusing on Your Objective	p. 5
Differences between research reports and review papers	p. 6
Scheduling Time	p. 7
Choosing a Topic	p. 10
Narrowing the Topic	p. 11
Knowing Your Audience and Topic	p. 13
Cultivating an Understanding	p. 14
Finding and Retrieving Reference Materials	p. 15
Looking Over Maya's Shoulder	p. 15
Common terms and jargon on the Web	p. 16
Using the Online Catalog	p. 18
Brief record from Library of Congress online catalog	p. 19
Print Resources in the Library	p. 20
Cataloging of psychological materials	p. 21
Using PsycINFO	p. 22
PsycINFO record of journal article	p. 24
PsycARTICLES, PsycBOOKS, PsycEXTRA, and PsycCRITIQUES	p. 25
Tips on Using Other Electronic Databases	p. 27
Reference databases available electronically	p. 28
Taking Notes in the Library	p. 30
Source Credibility	p. 32
Additional Tips for Starting Your Literature Search	p. 33
Library and E-mail Etiquette	p. 34
Developing a Proposal	p. 35
Settling on an Objective	p. 35
Maya's perceived options for a research proposal	p. 36
The Accepted Proposal as a ôLetter of Agreementö	p. 36
How to Cite Source Materials	p. 38
Types of citations illustrated, in section 3.3	p. 39
How to Reference Source Materials	p. 43
Types of references illustrated, in section 3.4	p. 44
The Proposal for a Literature Review	p. 57
Sample proposal for a literature review	p. 58
The Proposal for a Research Project	p. 61
Sample proposal for a research project	p. 62
Ethical Considerations	p. 67
Tempus Fugit!	p. 67
Planniing the Research Report	p. 69
Three Types of Research Orientations	p. 69
The Basic Structure	p. 72
The Abstract	p. 73
The Introduction	p. 74
The Method Section	p. 75
Uses of the term validity in research, and assessment	p. 77
The Results Section	p. 78
The Discussion Section	p. 80
The References Section	p. 81
The End Material	p. 82
Organizing Your Thoughts	p. 82
Organizing the Review Paper	p. 85
Why You Need, an Outline	p. 85
A Strategy That Will Get You Started	p. 86
The Rough Outline	p. 88
Making Ideas Parallel	p. 88
Putting Ideas in Order	p. 89
Subdivision of the outline	p. 90
Detailed Outline for Writing and Note Taking	p. 91
Techniques to Focus Your Thinking	p. 92
Cluster outline for John Smith's project	p. 92
Outlining After the Fact	p. 93
Communicating Statistical Information	p. 95
Knowing ôHowö and ôWhatö to Communicate	p. 95
Common statistical abbreviations and symbols	p. 97
Communicating Clearly	p. 99
Communicating Accurately	p. 101
Communicating with Appropriate Precision	p. 102
Bar chart based on Jane Doe's Table 1 (in appendix A)	p. 103
Communicating Enough Information	p. 104
Ethics and Principled Reporting Practices	p. 107
Suggested, Readings	p. 108
Writing the First Draft	p. 111
Sorting Through Your Material	p. 111
Creating a Self-Motivator Statement	p. 112
Writing the Opening Paragraph of Your Introduction	p. 113
Settling Down to Write	p. 114
Ethical Considerations Revisited	p. 115
steering Clear of Plagiarism	p. 117
Not Falling Into Lazy Writing	p. 119
Creating the Right Tone	p. 119
The Problem of Sexist Language	p. 120
Subjects Versus Participants	p. 121
Achieving the Right Voice	p. 121
Choosing an Appropriate Verb Tense	p. 122
Making Sure That Subject and Verb Agree	p. 123
Other Common Usage Errors	p. 124
Numbers, Numerals, Digits, Figures	p. 126
More on Punctuation	p. 127
Uses of Punctuation in Quoted Passages	p. 130
Safeguarding the Draft Manuscript	p. 132
Producing the Final Manuscript	p. 133
Polishing the Draft Manuscript	p. 133
Formatting and Organizing Your Final Manascript	p. 134
Formatting the Title Page	p. 136
Formatting the Abstract	p. 136
Formatting the Headings	p. 137
Other Uses of Italics	p. 138
Citations and References Revisited	p. 138
Postal abbreviations for states and territories	p. 139
Footnotes	p. 139
Formatting Tables and Figures	p. 140
Appendix in Student Papers	p. 141
Proofing and Correcting	p. 141
Preparing Posters and Concise Reports	p. 143
Posters and Handout Reports	p. 143
Guidelines for the Poster	p. 144
APA, APS, and AAAS poster design standards	p. 145
Sample Content and Arrangement	p. 145
APA sample poster arrangements	p. 146
Modified poster arrangement	p. 147
Sample content for modified, poster	p. 147
Further Guidelines for the Poster	p. 150
Guidelines for the Concise Report	p. 151
Concise report for distribution	p. 152
Jane Doe's Research. Report	p. 155
John Smith's Review Paper	p. 171
Index	p. 191
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