XML Data Management Native XML and XML-Enabled Database Systems

by Chaudhri, Akmal B.; Rashid, Awais; Zicari, Roberto

• ISBN13: 9780201844528
• ISBN10: 0201844524
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2003-03-12
• Publisher: Addison-Wesley Professional

Summary

"This is an excellent book that combines a practical and analytical look at the subject.""--Leo Korman, Principal Software Engineer, KANA SoftwareAs organizations begin to employ XML within their information-management and exchange strategies, data management issues pertaining to storage, retrieval, querying, indexing, and manipulation increasingly arise. Moreover, new information-modeling challenges also appear. "XML Data Management--with its contributions from experts at the forefront of the XML field--addresses these key issues and challenges, offering insights into the advantages and drawbacks of various XML solutions, best practices for modeling information with XML, and developing custom, in-house solutions.In this book, you will find discussions on the newest native XML databases, along with information on working with XML-enabled relational database systems. In addition, "XML Data Management thoroughly examines benchmarks and analysis techniques for performance of XML databases.Topics covered include: The power of good grammar and style in modeling information to alleviate the need for redundant domain knowledgeTamino's XML storage, indexing, querying, and data access featuresThe features and APIs of open source eXistBerkeley DB XML's ability to store XML documents nativelyIBM's DB2 Universal Database and its support for XML applicationsXperanto's method of addressing information integration requirementsOracle's XMLType for managing document centric XML documentsMicrosoft SQL Server 2000's support for exporting and importing XML dataA generic architecture for storing XML documents in a relational databaseX007, XMach-1, XMark, and other benchmarks for evaluatingXML database performanceNumerous case studies demonstrate real-world problems, industry-tested solutions, and creative applications of XML data management solutions.Written for both XML and relational database professionals

Author Biography

Akmal B. Chaudhri works for IBM developerWorks, where he is also Zone Editor for Special Projects. A recognized authority on objects and databases, he has been a regular presenter at many international conferences, including OOPSLA and Object World. In addition, he has edited several books on these topics.

Awais Rashid is a Lecturer in the Computing Department of Lancaster University in the U.K. where he leads research into the application of new technologies, such as XML and aspect-oriented programming, and database systems. He has actively published on these topics and has organized a number of relevant international events.

Roberto Zicari is a full Professor for Databases and Information Systems at the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University in Frankfurt/Main, Germany. He is an internationally recognized expert in Object Technology. He has consulted and lectured in Europe, North America, and Japan.

0201844524AB01312003

Table of Contents

Preface	p. xix
Acknowledgments	p. xxxv
What Is XML?	p. 1
Information Modeling with XML	p. 3
Introduction	p. 3
XML as an Information Domain	p. 4
How XML Expresses Information	p. 5
Patterns in XML	p. 6
Common XML Information-Modeling Pitfalls	p. 9
A Very Simple Way to Design XML	p. 14
Conclusion	p. 16
Native XML Databases	p. 19
Tamino--Software AG's Native XML Server	p. 21
Introduction	p. 21
Tamino Architecture and APIs	p. 22
XML Storage	p. 23
Querying XML	p. 37
Tools	p. 39
Full Database Functionality	p. 42
Conclusion	p. 42
eXist Native XML Database	p. 43
Introduction	p. 43
Features	p. 44
System Architecture Overview	p. 45
Getting Started	p. 47
Query Language Extensions	p. 47
Application Development	p. 50
Technical Background	p. 56
Conclusion	p. 67
Embedded XML Databases	p. 69
Introduction	p. 69
A Primer on Embedded Databases	p. 70
Embedded XML Databases	p. 71
Building Applications for Embedded XML Databases	p. 73
Conclusion	p. 87
XML and Relational Databases	p. 89
IBM XML-Enabled Data Management Product Architecture and Technology	p. 91
Introduction	p. 91
Product and Technology Offering Summaries	p. 92
Current Architecture and Technology	p. 93
Future Architecture and Technology	p. 113
Conclusion	p. 120
Notices	p. 120
Supporting XML in Oracle9i	p. 123
Introduction	p. 123
Storing XML as CLOB	p. 126
XML Type	p. 132
Using XSU for Fine-Grained Storage	p. 135
Building XML Documents from Relational Data	p. 144
Special Oracle Features	p. 155
Conclusion	p. 163
XML Support in Microsoft SQL Server 2000	p. 165
Introduction	p. 165
XML and Relational Data	p. 165
XML Access to SQL Server	p. 166
Serializing SQL Query Results into XML	p. 170
Providing Relational Views over XML	p. 176
SQLXML Templates	p. 180
Providing XML Views over Relational Data	p. 182
Conclusion	p. 187
A Generic Architecture for Storing XML Documents in a Relational Database	p. 189
Introduction	p. 189
System Architecture	p. 192
The Data Model	p. 193
Creating the Database	p. 196
Connecting to the Repository	p. 213
Uploading XML Documents	p. 220
Querying the Repository	p. 248
Further Enhancements	p. 257
Conclusion	p. 258
An Object-Relational Approach to Building a High-Performance XML Repository	p. 259
Introduction	p. 259
Overview of XML Use-Case Scenario	p. 261
High-Level System Architecture	p. 262
Detailed Design Descriptions	p. 268
Conclusion	p. 286
Applications of XML	p. 289
Knowledge Management in Bioinformatics	p. 291
Introduction	p. 291
A Brief Molecular Biology Background	p. 293
Life Sciences Are Turning to XML to Model Their Information	p. 296
A Genetic Information Model	p. 300
NeoCore XMS	p. 308
Integration of BLAST into NeoCore XMS	p. 311
Conclusion	p. 319
Case Studies of XML Used with IBM DB2 Universal Database	p. 321
Introduction	p. 321
Case Study 1: "Our Most Valued Customers Come First"	p. 322
Case Study 2: "Improve Cash Flow"	p. 327
Conclusion	p. 334
Notices	p. 334
The Design and Implementation of an Engineering Data Management System Using XML and J2EE	p. 337
Introduction	p. 337
Background and Requirements	p. 338
Overview	p. 339
Design Choices	p. 341
Future Directions	p. 349
Conclusion	p. 351
Geographical Data Interchange Using XML-Enabled Technology within the GIDB System	p. 353
Introduction	p. 353
GIDB METOC Data Integration	p. 356
GIDB Web Map Service Implementation	p. 363
GIDB GML Import and Export	p. 368
Conclusion	p. 373
Space Wide Web by Adapters in Distributed Systems Configuration from Reusable Components	p. 375
Introduction	p. 375
Advanced Concept Description: The Research Problem	p. 376
Integration of Components with Architecture	p. 383
Example	p. 384
Future Generation NASA Institute for Advanced Concepts, Space Wide Web Research, and Boundaries	p. 387
Advanced Concept Development	p. 388
Conclusion	p. 400
XML as a Unifying Framework for Inductive Databases	p. 401
Introduction	p. 401
Past Work	p. 403
The Proposed Data Model: XDM	p. 419
Benefits of XDM	p. 447
Toward Flexible and Open Systems	p. 449
Related Work	p. 450
Conclusion	p. 452
Designing and Managing an XML Warehouse	p. 455
Introduction	p. 455
Architecture	p. 457
Data Warehouse Specification	p. 458
Managing the Metadata	p. 462
Storage and Management of the Data Warehouse	p. 466
DAWAX: A Graphic Tool for the Specification and Management of a Data Warehouse	p. 470
Related Work	p. 472
Conclusion	p. 473
Performance and Benchmarks	p. 475
XML Management System Benchmarks	p. 477
Introduction	p. 477
Benchmark Specification	p. 478
Benchmark Data Set	p. 479
Existing Benchmarks for XML	p. 482
Conclusion	p. 497
The Michigan Benchmark: A Micro-Benchmark for XML Query Performance Diagnostics	p. 499
Introduction	p. 499
Related Work	p. 501
Benchmark Data Set	p. 502
Benchmark Queries	p. 508
Using the Benchmark	p. 516
Conclusion	p. 517
A Comparison of Database Approaches for Storing XML Documents	p. 519
Introduction	p. 519
Data Models for XML Documents	p. 520
Databases for Storing XML Documents	p. 523
Benchmarking Specification	p. 533
Test Results	p. 536
Related Work	p. 540
Summary	p. 546
Performance Analysis between an XML-Enabled Database and a Native XML Database	p. 547
Introduction	p. 547
Related Work	p. 549
Methodology	p. 550
Database Design	p. 551
Discussion	p. 555
Experiment Result	p. 556
Conclusion	p. 563
Conclusion	p. 567
References	p. 571
Contributors	p. 587
Editors	p. 587
Information Modeling with XML	p. 588
Tamino--Software AG's Native XML Server	p. 588
eXist Native XML Database	p. 589
Embedded XML Databases	p. 589
IBM XML-Enabled Data Management Product Architecture and Technology	p. 589
Supporting XML in Oracle9i	p. 590
XML Support in Microsoft SQL Server 2000	p. 590
A Generic Architecture for Storing XML Documents in a Relational Database	p. 590
An Object-Relational Approach to Building a High-Performance XML Repository	p. 591
Knowledge Management in Bioinformatics	p. 591
Case Studies of XML Used with IBM DB2 Universal Database	p. 592
The Design and Implementation of an Engineering Data Management System Using XML and J2EE	p. 592
Geographical Data Interchange Using XML-Enabled Technology within the GIDB System	p. 593
Space Wide Web by Adapters in Distributed Systems Configuration from Reusable Components	p. 595
XML as a Unifying Framework for Inductive Databases	p. 595
Designing and Managing an XML Warehouse	p. 596
XML Management System Benchmarks	p. 596
The Michigan Benchmark: A Micro-Benchmark for XML Query Performance Diagnostics	p. 597
A Comparison of Database Approaches for Storing XML Documents	p. 598
Performance Analysis between an XML-Enabled Database and a Native XML Database	p. 598
Index	p. 601
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

Excerpts

The past few years have seen a dramatic increase in the popularity and adoption of XML, the Extensible Markup Language. This explosive growth is driven by its ability to provide a standardized, extensible means of including semantic information within documents describing semi-structured data. This makes it possible to address the shortcomings of existing markup languages such as HTML and support data exchange in e-business environments. Consider, for instance, the simple HTML document in Listing P.1. The data contained in the document is intertwined with information about its presentation. In fact, the tags describe only how the data is to be formatted. There is no semantic information that the data represents a person's name and address. Consequently, an interpreter cannot make any sound judgments about the semantics as the tags could as well have enclosed information about a car and its parts. Systems such as WIRE (Aggarwal et al. 1998) can interpret the information by using search templates based on the structure of HTML files and the importance of information enclosed in tags defining headings and so forth. However, such interpretation lacks soundness, and its accuracy is context dependent. Listing P.1 An HTML Document with Data about a Person Person Information Name: John Doe Address: 10 Church Street, Lancaster LAX 2YZ, UK Dynamic Web pages, where the data resides in a backend database and is served using predefined templates, reduce the coupling between the data and its representation. However, the semantics of the data can still be confusing when exchanging information in an e-business environment. A particular item could be represented using different names (in the simplest case) in two systems in a business-to-business transaction. This enforces adherence to complex, often proprietary, document standards. XML provides inherent support for addressing the above problems, as the data in an XML document is self-describing. However, the increasing adoption of XML has also raised new challenges. One of the key issues is the management of large collections of XML documents. There is a need for tools and techniques for effective storage, retrieval, and manipulation of XML data. The aim of this book is to discuss the state-of-the-art in such tools and techniques. This preface introduces the basics of XML and some related technologies before moving on to providing an overview of issues relating to XML data management and approaches addressing these issues. Only an overview of XML and related technologies is provided because several other sources cover these concepts in depth. P.1 What Is XML? XML is a W3C standard for document markup. It makes it possible to define custom tags describing the data enclosed by them. An example XML document containing data about a person is shown in Listing P.2. Note that tags in XML can have attributes. However, for simplicity, they have not been used in this example. Listing P.2 An XML Document with Data about a Person Doe John 10 Church Street Lancaster LAX 2YZ UK Unlike the HTML document in Listing P.1, the document in Listing P.2 contains only the data about the person and no re