Modern Elementary Statistics

by Freund, John E.

• ISBN13: 9780130177018
• ISBN10: 0130177016
• Edition: 10th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2001-01-01
• Publisher: Prentice Hall

Summary

For Introduction to Statistics courses at 2 and 4-year colleges. Updated to reflect the latest technological advances in statistical tools, this solid text presents ideas and concepts more clearly for students who have little or no background in statistics. The Tenth Edition retains all the elements and style that educators nationwide have come to expectclear prose, excellent problems and precise presentation of mathematics involvedwhile eliminating some of the computational drudgery. The seamless integration of technology gives professors multiple teaching options.

Table of Contents

Preface	xi
Introduction	1	(11)
The Growth of Modern Statistics	2	(1)
The Study of Statistics	3	(1)
Descriptive Statistics and Statistical Inference	4	(3)
The Nature of Statistical Data	7	(3)
Checklist of Key Terms	10	(1)
References	10	(2)
Summarizing Data: Listing and Grouping	12	(35)
Listing Numerical Data	13	(3)
Stem-and-Leaf Displays	16	(4)
Frequency Distributions	20	(10)
Graphical Presentations	30	(7)
Summarizing Two-Variable Data	37	(8)
Checklist for Key Terms	45	(1)
References	45	(2)
Summarizing Data: Measures of Location	47	(33)
Populations and Samples	48	(1)
The Mean	49	(4)
The Weighted Mean	53	(5)
The Median	58	(4)
Other Fractiles	62	(4)
The Mode	66	(4)
The Description of Grouped Data	70	(6)
Technical Note (Summations)	76	(3)
Checklist of Key Terms	79	(1)
References	79	(1)
Summarizing Data: Measures of Variation	80	(28)
The Range	81	(1)
The Variance and the Standard Deviation	82	(3)
Applications of the Standard Deviation	85	(7)
The Description of Grouped Data	92	(2)
Some Further Descriptions	94	(6)
Checklist of Key Terms	100	(1)
References	101	(7)
Review Exercises for Chapters 1, 2, 3, And 4	102	(6)
Possibilities and Probabilities	108	(26)
Counting	109	(4)
Permutations	113	(3)
Combinations	116	(7)
Probability	123	(9)
Checklist of Key Terms	132	(1)
References	133	(1)
Some Rules of Probability	134	(43)
Sample Spaces and Events	135	(10)
The Postulates of Probability	145	(3)
Probabilities and Odds	148	(5)
Addition Rules	153	(7)
Conditional Probability	160	(3)
Multiplication Rules	163	(7)
Bayes' Theorem	170	(5)
Checklist of Key Terms	175	(1)
References	175	(2)
Expectations and Decisions	177	(21)
Mathematical Expectation	178	(6)
Decision Making	184	(4)
Statistical Decision Problems	188	(2)
Checklist of Key Terms	190	(1)
References	191	(7)
Review Exercises For Chapters 5, 6, And 7	192	(6)
Probability Distributions	198	(35)
Random Variables	199	(1)
Probability Distributions	200	(2)
The Binomial Distribution	202	(9)
The Hypergeometric Distribution	211	(4)
The Poisson Distribution	215	(4)
The Multinomial Distribution	219	(4)
The Mean of a Probability Distribution	223	(2)
The Standard Deviation of a Probability Distribution	225	(7)
Checklist of Key Terms	232	(1)
References	232	(1)
The Normal Distribution	233	(28)
Continuous Distributions	234	(3)
The Normal Distribution	237	(10)
A Check for Normality	247	(3)
Applications of the Normal Distribution	250	(3)
The Normal Approximation to the Binomial Distribution	253	(6)
Checklist of Key Terms	259	(1)
References	260	(1)
Sampling and Sampling Distributions	261	(41)
Random Sampling	262	(7)
Sample Designs	269	(1)
Systematic Sampling	269	(1)
Stratified Sampling	270	(2)
Cluster Sampling	272	(4)
Sampling Distributions	276	(3)
The Standard Error of the Mean	279	(3)
The Central Limit Theorem	282	(3)
Some Further Considerations	285	(5)
Technical Note (Simulation)	290	(3)
Checklist of Key Terms	293	(1)
References	293	(9)
Review Exercises for Chapters 8, 9, and 10	295	(7)
Problems of Estimation	302	(29)
The Estimation of Means	303	(5)
The Estimation of Means ( σ Unknown)	308	(8)
The Estimation of Standard Deviations	316	(7)
The Estimation of Proportions	323	(6)
Checklist of Key Terms	329	(1)
References	330	(1)
Tests of Hypotheses: Means	331	(35)
Tests of Hypotheses	332	(5)
Significance Tests	337	(8)
Tests Concerning Means	345	(4)
Tests Concerning Means (σ Unknown)	349	(5)
Differences between Means	354	(3)
Differences between Means (σ's Unknown)	357	(2)
Differences between Means (Paired Data)	359	(6)
Checklist of Key Terms	365	(1)
References	365	(1)
Tests of Hypotheses: Standard Deviations	366	(11)
Tests Concerning Standard Deviations	367	(3)
Tests Concerning Two Standard Deviations	370	(5)
Checklist of Key Terms	375	(1)
References	376	(1)
Tests of Hypotheses Based on Count Data	377	(40)
Tests Concerning Proportions	378	(1)
Tests Concerning Proportions (Large Samples)	379	(3)
Differences between Proportions	382	(4)
The Analysis of an r X c Table	386	(15)
Goodness of Fit	401	(7)
Checklist of Key Terms	408	(1)
References	408	(9)
Review Exercises for Chapters 11, 12, 13, And 14	410	(7)
Analysis of Variance	417	(42)
Differences among k Means: An Example	418	(4)
The Design of Experiments: Randomization	422	(2)
One-Way Analysis of Variance	424	(6)
Multiple Comparisons	430	(6)
The Design of Experiments: Blocking	436	(2)
Two-Way Analysis of Variance	438	(1)
Two-Way Analysis of Variance without Interaction	438	(5)
The Design of Experiments: Replication	443	(1)
Two-Way Analysis of Variance with Interaction	443	(7)
The Design of Experiments: Further Considerations	450	(7)
Checklist of Key Terms	457	(1)
References	458	(1)
Regression	459	(39)
Curve Fitting	460	(2)
The Method of Least Squares	462	(11)
Regression Analysis	473	(9)
Multiple Regression	482	(4)
Nonlinear Regression	486	(10)
Checklist of Key Terms	496	(1)
References	496	(2)
Correlation	498	(22)
The Coefficient of Correlation	499	(7)
The Interpretation of r	506	(5)
Correlation Analysis	511	(5)
Multiple and Partial Correlation	516	(3)
Checklist of Key Terms	519	(1)
References	519	(1)
Nonparametric Tests	520	(47)
The Sign Test	521	(2)
The Sign Test (Large Samples)	523	(4)
The Signed-Rank Test	527	(4)
The Signed-Rank Test (Large Samples)	531	(4)
The U-Test	535	(5)
The U-Test (Large Samples)	540	(1)
The H-Test	541	(4)
Tests of Randomness: Runs	545	(2)
Tests of Randomness: Runs (Large Samples)	547	(1)
Tests of Randomness: Runs Above and Below the Median	548	(3)
Rank Correlation	551	(4)
Some Further Considerations	555	(1)
Summary	555	(1)
Checklist of Key Terms	556	(1)
References	556	(11)
Review Exercises for Chapters 15, 16, 17, and 18	558	(9)
Statistical Tables	567	(26)
Answers to Odd-Numbered Exercises	593	(18)
Index	611