Problem Solving With C++ : The Object of Programming

by Savitch, Walter

• ISBN13: 9780201357493
• ISBN10: 0201357496
• Edition: 1st
• Copyright: 1998-08-01
• Publisher: ADDISON WESLEY LONGMAN INC

Summary

Since its publication in 1995, Walter Savitch's Problem Solving with C++ has become the leading book for the Introductory Programming in C++ course, with the number of schools using it increasing every semester. Now in its second edition, the text includes the most current C++ developments, such as the new type bool and the STL string class. Students learn to design their own classes from the beginning, so that by the end of Chapter 8, they can write realistic class definitions. The modular organization of the book allows instructors to tailor both topic selection and presentation to meet the needs of their courses. Finally, the book features Professor Savitch's friendly, motivational writing style and helpful learning aids that have made it so popular among students. Book jacket.

Author Biography

Walter J. Savitch is a Professor of Computer Science at the University of California at San Diego where he has been one of the main designers of the computer science curriculum. A well-known and respected author, he has written widely on complexity theory and on computational linguistics, and published a textbook on computability theory. Professor Savitch's extensive teaching experience is captured in his innovative and successful series of introductory programming texts: An Introduction To The Art and Science of Programming, available in Turbo Pascal, Standard Pascal, and Ada, and Data Structures and Other Objects Using C++.

Table of Contents

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS AND C++ PROGRAMMING	1	(36)
1.1 Computer Systems	2	(11)
Hardware	2	(5)
Software	7	(1)
High-Level Languages	8	(1)
Compilers	9	(2)
Self-Test Exercises	11	(1)
History Note	12	(1)
1.2 Programming and Problem-Solving	13	(6)
Algorithms	14	(1)
Program Design	15	(2)
The Software Life Cycle	17	(1)
Self-Test Exercises	18	(1)
1.3 Introduction to C++	19	(9)
Origins of the C++ Language	19	(1)
A Sample C++ Program	20	(4)
Pitfall-Using the Wrong Slash in\n	24	(1)
Programming Tip-Input And Output Syntax	24	(1)
Pitfall-Putting a Space before the Include File Name	24	(1)
Layout of a Simple C++ Program	25	(2)
Compiling and Running a C++ Program	27	(1)
Self-Test Exercises	28	(1)
1.4 Testing and Debugging	28	(3)
Kinds of Program Errors	29	(1)
Pitfall-Assuming Your Program Is Correct	30	(1)
Self-Test Exercises	30	(1)
Chapter Summary	31	(1)
Answers to Self-Test Exercises	32	(2)
Programming Projects	34	(3)
CHAPTER 2 C++ BASIC	37	(68)
2.1 Variables and Assignments	38	(10)
Variables	39	(3)
Names: Identifiers	39	(3)
Variable Declarations	42	(2)
Assignment Statements	44	(2)
Pitfall-Uninitialized Variables	46	(1)
Programming Tip-Use Meaningful Names	47	(1)
Self-Test Exercises	47	(1)
2.2 Input and Output	48	(9)
Output Using cout	48	(2)
Escape Sequences	50	(2)
Programming Tip-End Each Program with a\n or endxxx	52	(1)
Formating for Numbers with a Decimal Point	52	(2)
Input Using cin	54	(1)
Designing Input and Output	55	(1)
Programming Tip-Line Breaks in I/O	56	(1)
Self-Test Exercises	56	(1)
2.3 Data Types and Expressions	57	(13)
The Types int and double	57	(2)
Other Number Types	59	(2)
The Type Char	61	(1)
The Type booxxx	62	(1)
Type Compatibilities	62	(2)
Arithmetic Operators and Expressions	64	(3)
Pitfall-Whole Numbers in Division	67	(1)
Self-Test Exercises	68	(1)
More Assignment Statements	69	(1)
2.4 Simple Flow of Control	70	(20)
A Simple Branching Mechanism	70	(6)
Pitfall-Strings of Inequalities	76	(1)
Pitfall-Using=in place of	76	(2)
Compound Statements	78	(1)
Self-Test Exercises	79	(1)
Simple Loop Mechanisms	80	(4)
Increment and Decrement Operators	84	(2)
Programming Example-Charge Card Balance	86	(1)
Pitfall-Infinite Loops	87	(2)
Self-Test Exercises	89	(1)
2.5 Program Style	90	(5)
Indenting	90	(1)
Comments	91	(1)
Naming Constants	92	(3)
Self-Test Exercises	95	(1)
Chapter Summary	95	(1)
Answers to Self-Test Exercises	96	(5)
Programming Projects	101	(4)
CHAPTER 3 PROCEDURAL ABSTRACTION AND FUNCTIONS THAT RETURN A VALUE	105	(62)
3.1 Top-Down Design	106	(1)
3.2 Predefined Functions	107	(9)
Using Predefined Functions	107	(5)
Type Changing Functions	112	(3)
Self-Test Exercises	115	(1)
3.3 Programmer-Defined Functions	116	(11)
Function Definitions	116	(5)
Alternate Form for Function Prototypes	121	(2)
Pitfall-Arguments in the Wrong Order	123	(2)
Function Definition-Syntax Summary	125	(1)
More About Placement of Function Definitions	126	(1)
Self-Test Exercises	127	(1)
3.4 Procedural Abstraction	127	(12)
The Black Box Analogy	128	(2)
Programming Tip-Choosing Formal Parameter Names	130	(1)
Case Study-Buying Pizza	131	(7)
Programming Tip-Use Pseudocode	138	(1)
Self-Test Exercises	138	(1)
3.5 Local Variables	139	(11)
The Small Program Analogy	139	(3)
Programming Example-Experimental Pea Patch	142	(1)
Global Constants and Global Variables	142	(3)
Call-by-Value Formal Parameters Are Local Variables	145	(2)
Self-Test Exercises	147	(1)
Programming Example-The Factorial Function	148	(2)
3.6 Overloading Function Names	150	(8)
Introduction to Overloading	150	(3)
Programming Example-Revised Pizza-Buying Program	153	(1)
Automatic Type Conversion	154	(4)
Self-Test Exercises	158	(1)
Chapter Summary	158	(1)
Answers to Self-Test Exercises	159	(3)
Programming Projects	162	(5)
CHAPTER 4 FUNCTIONS FOR ALL SUBTASKS	167	(48)
4.1 void-Functions	168	(8)
Definitions of Void-Functions	168	(3)
Programming Example-Converting Temperatures from Fahrenheit to Celsius	171	(1)
return-Statements in void-Functions	171	(3)
Self-Test Exercises	174	(2)
4.2 Call-by-Reference Parameters	176	(14)
A First View of Call-by-Reference	176	(3)
Call-by-Reference in Detail	179	(2)
Programming Example-The swap_values Function	181	(3)
Mixed Parameter Lists	184	(1)
Programming Tip-What Kind of Parameter to Use	185	(2)
Pitfall-Inadvertent Local Variables	187	(2)
Self-Test Exercises	189	(1)
4.3 Using Procedural Abstraction	190	(10)
Functions Calling Functions	190	(3)
Preconditions and Postconditions	193	(1)
Case Study-Supermarket Pricing	194	(3)
Self-Test Exercises	197	(3)
4.4 Testing and Debugging Functions	200	(6)
Stubs and Drivers	200	(3)
Self-Test Exercises	203	(3)
Chapter Summary	206	(1)
Answers to Self-Test Exercises	207	(3)
Programming Projects	210	(5)
CHAPTER 5 I/O STREAMS AS AN INTRODUCTION TO OBJECTS AND CLASSES	215	(76)
5.1 Streams and Basic File I/O	216	(16)
Why Use Files for I/O?	217	(1)
File I/O	218	(3)
Introduction to Classes and Objects	221	(4)
Programming Tip-Check that a File Was Opened Successfully	225	(3)
Techniques for File I/O	228	(2)
Self-Test Exercises	230	(1)
File Names as Input (Optional)	230	(2)
5.2 Tools for Stream I/O	232	(16)
Formatting Output with Stream Functions	235	(3)
Manipulators	238	(2)
Self-Test Exercises	240	(2)
Streams as Arguments to Functions	242	(1)
Programming Tip-Checking for the End of File	242	(4)
Programming Example-Cleaning Up a File Format	246	(1)
Self-Test Exercises	247	(1)
5.3 Character I/O	248	(20)
The Member Functions get and put	248	(4)
The putback Member Function (Optional)	252	(1)
Programming Example-Checking Input	253	(1)
Pitfall-Unexpected '\n' in Input	253	(1)
The eof Member Function	257	(2)
Self-Test Exercises	259	(2)
Programming Example-Editing a Text File	261	(1)
Predefined Character Functions	262	(3)
Pitfall-toupper and tolower Return int Values	265	(2)
Self-Test Exercises	267	(1)
5.4 Inheritance	268	(8)
Inheritance Among Stream Classes	268	(4)
Programming Example-Another new_line Function	272	(1)
Default Arguments for Functions (Optional)	272	(2)
Self-Test Exercises	274	(2)
Chapter Summary	276	(2)
Answers to Self-Test Exercises	278	(6)
Programming Projects	284	(7)
CHAPTER 6 DEFINING CLASSES AND ABSTRACT DATA TYPES	291	(66)
6.1 Structures	292	(13)
Structures for Diverse Data	292	(6)
Pitfall-Forgetting a Semicolon in a Structure Definition	298	(1)
Structures as Function Arguments	299	(2)
Programming Tip-Use Hierarchical Structures	301	(1)
Initializing Structures	302	(1)
Self-Test Exercises	302	(3)
6.2 Classes	305	(32)
Defining Classes and Member Functions	305	(4)
Self-Test Exercises	309	(2)
Public and Private Members	311	(6)
Programming Tip-Make All Member Variables Private	317	(1)
Programming Tip-Define Accessor Functions	317	(2)
Programming Tip-Use the Assignment Operator with Objects	319	(1)
Self-Test Exercises	319	(2)
Programming Example-Bank Account Class-Version l	321	(5)
Summary of Some Properties of Classes	326	(1)
Self-Test Exercises	327	(1)
Constructors for Initialization	328	(5)
Programming Tip-Always Include a Default Constructor	333	(2)
Pitfall-Constructors with No Arguments	335	(1)
Self-Test Exercises	336	(1)
6.3 Abstract Data Types	337	(9)
Classes to Produce ADTs	337	(4)
Programming Example-Alternative Implementation of Class	341	(5)
Self-Test Exercises	346	(1)
Chapter Summary	346	(1)
Answers to Self-Test Exercises	347	(5)
Programming Projects	352	(5)
CHAPTER 7 MORE FLOW OF CONTROL	357	(76)
7.1 Using Boolen Expressions	358	(9)
Evaluating Boolen Expressions	358	(5)
Pitfall-Boolean Expressions Convert to int Values	363	(2)
Self-Test Exercises	365	(1)
Functions That Return a Boolean Value	365	(1)
Self-Test Exercises	366	(1)
Enumeration Types (Optional)	366	(1)
7.2 Multiway Branches	367	(22)
Nested Statements	368	(1)
Programming Tip-Use Braces in Nested Statements	368	(3)
Multiway if-else-Statements	371	(1)
Programming Example-State Income Tax	372	(3)
Self-Test Exercises	375	(2)
The switch-statement	377	(4)
Pitfall-Forgetting a break in a switch-Statement	381	(1)
Using switch-Statements for Menus	381	(3)
Programming Tip-Use Function Calls in Branching Statements	384	(1)
Blocks	384	(3)
Pitfall-Inadvertent Local Variables	387	(1)
Self-Test Exercises	388	(1)
7.3 More About C++ Loop Statements	389	(17)
The while-Statement Reviewed	390	(1)
Increment and Decrement Operators Revisited	390	(4)
Self-Test Exercises	394	(1)
The for-Statement	395	(4)
Pitfall-Extra Semicolon in a For-Statement	399	(2)
What Kind of Loop to Use	401	(1)
Self-Test Exercises	402	(1)
Pitfall-Uninitialized Variables and Infinite Loops	403	(1)
The break-Statement	404	(1)
Pitfall-The Break-Statement in Nested Loops	404	(1)
Self-Test Exercises	404	(2)
7.4 Designing Loops	406	(13)
Loops for Sums and Products	406	(2)
Ending a Loop	408	(3)
Nested Loops	411	(5)
Self-Test Exercises	416	(1)
Debugging Loops	416	(3)
Self-Test Exercises	419	(1)
Chapter Summary	419	(2)
Answers to Self-Test Exercises	421	(7)
Programming Projects	428	(5)
CHAPTER 8 TOOLS FOR DEFINING ADTs	433	(78)
8.1 Defining ADT Operations	434	(44)
Programming Example-An Equality Function	434	(4)
Self-Test Exercise	438	(1)
Friend Functions	438	(1)
Programming Tip-Define Both Accessor Functions and Friend Functions	439	(3)
Programming Tip-Use Both Member and Nonmember Functions	442	(1)
Programming Example-Money ADT (Version 1)	443	(7)
Implementation of digit_to_int (Optional)	450	(1)
Pitfall-Leading Zeros in Number Constants	451	(1)
Self-Test Exercises	451	(2)
The const Parameter Modifier	453	(3)
Pitfall-Inconsistent Use of const	456	(1)
Self-Test Exercises	456	(2)
Overloading Operators	458	(4)
Self-Test Exercises	462	(1)
Constructors for Automatic Type Conversion	462	(3)
Self-Test Exercises	465	(1)
Overloading Unary Operators	465	(1)
Overloading Greater than Greater than and Less than Less than	466	(11)
Self-Test Exercise	477	(1)
8.2 Separate Compilation	478	(18)
ADTs Reviewed	478	(1)
Case Study-Digital Time-An ADT Compiled Separately	479	(10)
Programming Tip-Hiding the Helping Functions	489	(2)
Using #ifndef	491	(2)
Programming Tip-Choosing ADT Operations	493	(2)
Programming Tip-Defining Other Libraries	495	(1)
Self-Test Exercises	495	(1)
Chapter Summary	496	(1)
Answers to Self-Test Exercises	497	(8)
Programming Projects	505	(6)
CHAPTER 9 ARRAYS	511	(76)
9.1 Introduction to Arrays	512	(11)
Declaring and Referencing Arrays	513	(3)
Programming Tip-Use for-Loops with Arrays	516	(1)
Arrays in Memory	517	(1)
Pitfall-Array Index Out of Range	518	(2)
Intializing Arrays	520	(1)
Self-Test Exercises	521	(2)
9.2 Arrays in Functions	523	(12)
Indexed Variables as Function Arguments	523	(1)
Pitfall-Array Indexes Always Start with Zero	524	(1)
Programming Tip-Use a Defined Constant for the Size of an Array	524	(2)
Self-Test Exercises	526	(1)
Entire Arrays as Functions Arguments	526	(4)
The const Paramenter Modifier	530	(3)
Self-Test Exercisess	533	(2)
9.3 Programming with Arrays	535	(25)
Case Study-Production Graph	535	(10)
Partially Filled Arrays	545	(4)
Programming Example-Searching an Array	549	(3)
Programming Tip-Do Not Skimp on Formal Parameters	552	(3)
Programming Example-Sorting an Array	555	(2)
Self-Test Exercises	557	(3)
9.4 Arrays and Classes	560	(10)
Arrays of Classes	560	(2)
Self-Test Exercises	562	(1)
Arrays as Class Members	562	(4)
Programming Example-A Class for a Partially Filled Array	566	(3)
Self-Test Exercises	569	(1)
Chapter Summary	570	(1)
Answers to Self-Test Exercises	571	(7)
Programming Projects	578	(9)
CHAPTER 10 STRINGS AND MULTIDIMENSIONAL ARRAYS	587	(66)
10.1 String Basics	588	(22)
Cstring Values and Cstring Variables	588	(4)
Pitfall-Using = and == with Cstrings	592	(2)
Predefined Cstring Functions	594	(2)
Pitfall-Dangers in Using Functions from [cstring] or [string. h]	596	(1)
Self-Test Exercises	596	(2)
Defining Cstring Functions	598	(3)
Cstring Input and Output	601	(2)
Cstring-to-Number Conversions and Robust Input	603	(6)
Self-Test Exercises	609	(1)
10.2 Multidimensional Arrays	610	(9)
Multidimensional Array Basics	610	(2)
Programming Examples-Two-dimensional Grading Program	612	(5)
Arrays of Cstrings	617	(1)
Self-Test-Exercises	617	(2)
10.3 The C++ Standard string Class	619	(15)
Interface for the Standard Class String	620	(5)
Pitfall-Code That Depends on Order of Evaluation is Illegal	625	(1)
Programming Tip-The Ignore Member Function	625	(1)
Pitfall-Mixing cin Greater than Greater than variable and get XXX ine Can Lose Input	626	(1)
Programming Example-Palindrome Testing	626	(8)
Arrays of Strings Revisited	634	(1)
Self-Test Exercises	634	(1)
Chapter Summary	634	(1)
Answers to Self-Test Exercises	635	(7)
Programming Projects	642	(11)
CHAPTER 11 POINTERS AND DYNAMIC ARRAYS	653	(48)
11.1 Pointers	654	(15)
Pointer Variables	655	(7)
Self-Test Exercises	662	(1)
Basic Memory Management	663	(2)
Pitfall-Dangling Pointers	665	(1)
Static, Dynamic, and Automatic Variables	666	(1)
Programming Tip-Define Pointer Types	667	(2)
Self-Test Exercises	669	(1)
11.2 Dynamic Arrays	669	(8)
Array Variables and Pointer Variables	669	(2)
Creating and Using Dynamic Arrays	671	(5)
Self-Test Exercises	676	(1)
Pointer Arithmetic (Optional)	676	(1)
11.3 Classes and Dynamic Arrays	677	(19)
Programming Example-A String Variable Class	678	(6)
Destructors	684	(2)
Pitfall-Pointers as Call-by-Value Paramenters	686	(1)
Copy Constructors	686	(6)
Self-Test Exercises	692	(1)
Overloading the Assignment Operator	693	(3)
Self-Test Exercises	696	(1)
Chapter Summary	696	(1)
Answers to Self-Test Exercises	697	(3)
Programming Projects	700	(1)
CHAPTER 12 RECURSION	701	(48)
12.1 Recursive Functions for Tasks	703	(15)
Case Study-Vertical Numbers	703	(8)
A Closer Look at Recursion	711	(1)
Pitfall-Infinite Recursion	712	(1)
Self-Test Exercises	713	(1)
Stacks for Recursion	714	(2)
Pitfall-Stack Overflow	716	(1)
Recurasion Versus Iteration	716	(1)
Self-Test Exercises	717	(1)
12.2 Recursive Functions for Values	718	(6)
General Form for a Recursive Function That Returns a Value	718	(1)
Programming Example-Another Powers Function	718	(4)
Self-Test Exercises	722	(2)
12.3 Thinking Recursively	724	(15)
Recursive Design Techniques	724	(1)
Case Study-Binary Search-An Example of Recursive Thinking	725	(10)
Programming Example-A Recursive Member Function	735	(4)
Self-Test Exercises	739	(1)
Chapter Summary	739	(1)
Answers to Self-Test Exercises	739	(6)
Programming Projects	745	(4)
CHAPTER 13 TEMPLATES MORE ABSTRACTION	749	(28)
13.1 Templates for Algorithm Abstraction	750	(12)
Templates for Functions	753	(1)
Pitfall-Compiler Complications	754	(2)
Self-Test Exercises	756	(1)
Programming Example-A Generic Sorting Function	757	(5)
Programming Tip-How to Define Templates	762	(1)
Self-Test Exercise	762	(1)
13.2 Templates for Data Abstraction	762	(9)
Syntax for Class Templates	762	(4)
Programming Example-An Array Class	766	(5)
Self-Test Exercises	771	(1)
Chapter Summary	771	(1)
Answers to Self-Test Exercises	772	(2)
Programming Projects	774	(3)
CHAPTER 14 POINTERS AND LINKED LISTS	777	(38)
14.1 Nodes and Linked Lists	778	(21)
Nodes	778	(4)
Self-Test-Exercises	782	(2)
Linked Lists	784	(1)
Inserting a Node at the Head of a List	785	(4)
Pitfall-Losing Nodes	789	(1)
Searching a Linked List	789	(4)
Inserting and Removing Nodes Inside a List	793	(5)
Pitfall-Using the Assignment Operator with Dynamic Data Structures	798	(1)
Self-Test Exercises	798	(1)
14.2 A Linked List Application	799	(7)
Stacks	800	(1)
Programming Example-A Stack ADT	800	(6)
Self-Test Exercises	806	(1)
Chapter Summary	806	(1)
Answers to Self-Test Exercises	807	(3)
Programming Projects	810	(5)
CHAPTER 15 INHERITANCE	815	(46)
15.1 Inheritance Basics	816	(18)
The Notation of Inheritance	817	(1)
Constructor Base Initialization List	817	(3)
Derived Classes	820	(2)
Redefinition of Member Functions	822	(7)
Self-Test-Exercises	829	(5)
15.2 Programming with Inheritance	834	(19)
Self-Test Exercises	839	(1)
Overloading, Overriding, Redefinition (Optional)	839	(2)
Virtual Functions and Extended Type Compatability	841	(5)
Pitfall-The Slicing Problem	846	(1)
Pitfall-Not Using Virutal Member Functions	846	(1)
Pitfall-Attempting to Compile Class Definitions without Definitions for Every Virtual Member Function	847	(1)
Programming Example	848	(5)
Self-Test Exercises	853	(1)
Chapter Summary	853	(1)
Answers to Self-Test Exercises	853	(4)
Programming Projects	857	(4)
Appendix 1 C++ Keywords	861	(1)
Appendix 2 Precedence of Operators	862	(2)
Appendix 3 The ASCII Character Set	864	(1)
Appendix 4 Some Library Functions	865	(8)
Arithmetic Functions	865	(1)
Input and Output Member Functions	866	(2)
Character Functions	868	(1)
String Functions	869	(2)
Random Number Generator	871	(1)
Trigonometric Functions	872	(1)
Appendix 5 The assert-Statement	873	(2)
Appendix 6 Inline Functions	875	(1)
Appendix 7 Constructor Initialization Section	876	(2)
Appendix 8 Overloading the Array Index Square Brackets	878	(2)
Appendix 9 The this Pointer	880	(3)
Appendix 10 Simulating the bool Type	883	(2)
Annotated Bibliography for C++ Language and Library Issues	885	(4)
Index	889