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9783540231035

Sustainable Development And Innovation In The Energy Sector

by ; ;
  • ISBN13:

    9783540231035

  • ISBN10:

    354023103X

  • Format: Hardcover
  • Copyright: 2005-01-01
  • Publisher: Springer Verlag
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Supplemental Materials

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Summary

Almost every energy scenario assumes an enormous growth in the demand for energy in the coming decades. Meanwhile, at international conferences and other venues, the primary concern is massive reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, especially of the CO 2 produced by fossil-fuel energy consumption. Experts also point out the political risk of depending on petroleum and remind us of the fact that resources are not inexhaustible. This timely book explores: how these conflicting scenarios could be reconciled; how can we shape a more sustainable energy system from the existing one; and possible technological progress and innovations to enable a brighter future. It also addresses the reality that there exists no consensus on the extent to which innovations can really contribute to reconciling ever-growing energy consumption, availability of resources and the environment, and the structural demands on any energy system.

Table of Contents

Summary 1(22)
1 Problem Definition, Tasks, Procedure and Derivation of Recommendations for Action
17(6)
1.1 Problem definition
17(1)
1.2 Tasks of the working group
17(2)
1.3 Deriving recommendations for action
19(1)
1.4 Structure of the study
20(3)
2 Terminological and Conceptional Foundations 23(28)
2.1 Sustainability and sustainable development
23(7)
2.1.1 Terminological differentiation
23(1)
2.1.2 Sustainability and sustainable development
24(3)
2.1.3 Different concepts of sustainability
27(3)
2.2 Sustainability and energy
30(4)
2.2.1 The laws of thermodynamics and the concept of energy
31(1)
2.2.2 Energy systems in the biosphere and anthroposphere
32(2)
2.3 Innovation and sustainability
34(17)
2.3.1 Basic context
34(1)
2.3.2 The concept and types of innovation
35(2)
2.3.3 The innovation process: Inside the Black Box
37(6)
2.3.4 Determining factors of innovation activity
43(2)
2.3.5 Sustainable innovation policy
45(6)
3 Normative Criteria for Evaluation and Decision-Making 51(14)
3.1 Risk assessment and recommendations for action
51(4)
3.1.1 Scientific policy consulting
51(1)
3.1.2 Theoretical and practical perspectives
52(3)
3.2 Sustainable development and justice
55(6)
3.2.1 Introduction
55(1)
3.2.2 Political approaches
56(1)
3.2.3 The theory of justice (Barry)
57(3)
3.2.4 Vulnerability, the future and the environment (Goodin)
60(1)
3.3 Efficiency and sufficiency - discussing sustainability in the theoretical and practical terms
61(1)
3.4 Interim conclusion
62(3)
4 Towards a Sustainable Energy System - Legal Basis, Deficits and Points of Reference 65(40)
4.1 Fundamental legal standards for a sustainable energy system
65(16)
4.1.1 Developments in international law concerning climate protection
65(6)
4.1.2 The legal framework in European law
71(4)
4.1.3 Constitutional framework
75(1)
4.1.4 A duty to protect the environment?
75(1)
4.1.5 Implementation in energy law
76(1)
4.1.6 Implementation in regional planning and mining law
77(2)
4.1.7 International obligations concerning energy security
79(2)
4.2 Evaluation of the global energy system under criteria of sustainability
81(18)
4.2.1 Characteristics of the present energy system
81(1)
4.2.2 Prognoses for the development of the global energy system over the coming 100 years
82(3)
4.2.3 Excursus: Electricity, deregulation and sustainability
85(4)
4.2.4 Assessing sustainability
89(7)
4.2.5 Operationalizing critical sustainability: the "time of safe practice"
96(3)
4.3 Reference points for the sustainable supply of energy on a global scale
99(6)
4.3.1 Options for change
99(2)
4.3.2 The 2000-Watt benchmark: sustainable comfort through intelligence
101(4)
5 Potentials for the Sustainable Development of Energy Systems 105(24)
5.1 Introduction
105(1)
5.2 Technical energy efficiency improvement
106(6)
5.3 Renewable energy sources
112(5)
5.4 Future images: possible developments and effects
117(7)
5.5 Conclusions: What can be learned from history?
124(5)
5.5.1 Sustainable energy technologies in the innovation trap
124(2)
5.5.2 Substitution of energy carriers
126(1)
5.5.3 Final conclusions
127(2)
6 The Reality of Sustainability: Conflicts of Aims in the Choice of Instruments 129(26)
6.1 Status of the theoretical discussion
129(2)
6.2 Environmental protection versus economic and social aims
131(10)
6.2.1 Environment versus employment
131(4)
6.2.2 Environment versus the reduction of monopoly power
135(1)
6.2.3 Environment versus trade liberalization
136(1)
6.2.4 Environment versus capital flow
137(2)
6.2.5 Environment versus development policy
139(1)
6.2.6 Environment versus supporting innovation
140(1)
6.3 Standards arising from European law for weighing conflicting anus
141(8)
6.3.1 Free movement of goods
142(1)
6.3.2 Problems surrounding the EEG
143(1)
6.3.3 Justification for restrictions for environmental reasons
143(3)
6.3.4 Aids and their justification
146(1)
6.3.5 Possible ways of shaping the energy system following the ECJ judgment on the Stromeinspeisungsgesetz
146(2)
6.3.6 Competition and environmental protection
148(1)
6.4 Energy-relevant research and technology policies of the European Union
149(6)
7 Strategies for Accelerating Sustainable Energy Innovations 155(38)
7.1 Reinstating energy as a strategic priority
155(3)
7.2 Improving the framework conditions
158(3)
7.2.1 Defining the limits of using natural resources
158(1)
7.2.2 Using the market: Signs of scarcities induce sustainable innovation
159(1)
7.2.3 Providing infrastructures and generating competences towards sustainability (the technology push)
160(1)
7.3 Action field energy efficiency in industry: Accelerated market introduction through subsidies
161(12)
7.3.1 The Dutch model
163(4)
7.3.2 General considerations
167(4)
7.3.3 Ways of financing energy saving measures
171(2)
7.4 Action field energy efficiency in industry: Self-commitments as an instrument for the rapid diffusion of the "best available technology"
173(3)
7.4.1 General considerations
173(2)
7.4.2 Self-commitments for the reduction of CO2 emissions
175(1)
7.5 Technology Procurement
176(2)
7.6 Action field energy efficiency in households
178(7)
7.6.1 Sustainable energy supply and the sovereignty of the consumer
178(1)
7.6.2 Greenpricing of eco-electricity
179(1)
7.6.3 "Discriminating" labeling
180(3)
7.6.4 "Public Private Partnership" and unconventional marketing campaigns
183(2)
7.7 Action field transport: Only "packages" can produce innovations
185(2)
7.8 Regenerative energy sources in the field of action
187(6)
7.8.1 General considerations
187(1)
7.8.2 Technology-specific support measures
188(2)
7.8.3 Excursus: Can we choose between different learning curves? - Outlines of a theory
190(3)
8 On the Political Enforceability of a Sustainable Innovation Strategy 193(18)
8.1 Actors in the "sustainability arena"
193(1)
8.2 The attractiveness of sustainability goals from the perspective of selected actor groups
193(7)
8.3 Instruments and their attraction from the perspective of selected actor groups
200(3)
8.4 Starting points for improving the chances for successful implementation
203(3)
8.5 Conclusions and perspectives: an alliance for sustainable energy innovations
206(5)
9 Responsibility for the "Energy Hunger" of the Developing Countries - How Sustainable Energy Innovations Can Help 211(12)
9.1 Basic considerations
211(1)
9.2 Reorientation of development co-operation in the energy sector
212(2)
9.3 Existing initiatives for sustainable energy innovations
214(3)
9.4 What can be done by the EU?
217(1)
9.5 Global enterprises and "Technology Sharing"
218(3)
9.6 Outlook and further research issues
221(2)
Appendix 223(28)
A.1 The global energy system
223(10)
A.1.1 Development of the global use of energy
223(1)
A.1.2 Energy production and use in the EU
224(1)
A.1.3 Energy scenarios
225(8)
A.2 Unemployment
233(8)
A.2.1 Elasticity issues in efficiency wage models
233(6)
A.2.2 Elasticity issues in negotiation models
239(2)
A.3 Energy-relevant science and technology policies of the European Union - an overview
241(10)
A.3.1 Importance and integration of sustainability aspects in European energy policies
241(1)
A.3.2 Overview of energy-relevant RTD programs of the European Union
242(3)
A.3.3 The research priorities "Energy" and "Transport" in the 6th RTD framework program
245(4)
A.3.4 Specific programs and instruments
249(1)
A.3.5 Conclusion and outlook
249(2)
References 251(12)
List of Abbreviations 263(2)
List of Authors 265

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