This exciting new book is a unique compilation of data from a wide range of chemical and spectroscopic instrumentation and the integration of nanostructure characterisation drawn from physical, chemical, electrochemical, spectroscopic and electron microscopic measurements. It fills a gap in the current nanomaterials literature by documenting the latest research from scientific journals to provide a concise yet balanced and integrated treatment of an interesting topic: titanium oxide nanostructures within the emerging and fashionable area of nanomaterials.

About the Authors	p. xiii
Acknowledgements	p. xv
Abbreviations	p. xvii
List of Symbols	p. xix
Introduction and Scope	p. 1
The History of Nanomaterials	p. 1
The Importance of TiO2 and Titanate Nanomaterials	p. 2
Classification of the Structure of Nanomaterials	p. 6
Synthesis of Important Elongated Nanomaterials	p. 8
Metal Oxide Nanotubes	p. 8
Metal Chalcogenide Nanotubes	p. 12
Mixed Oxides. Silicates and Other Compounds as Nanotubes	p. 14
Techniques and Instruments Used to Study Nanomaterials	p. 16
References	p. 17
Synthesis Techniques and the Mechanism of Growth	p. 20
Templete Methods	p. 20
Alkaline Hydrothermal Synthesis of Elongated Titanates	p. 25
Alkaline Hydrothermal Synthesis of Titanate Nanotubes and Nanofibres	p. 25
Mechanism of Nanostructure Growth	p. 27
Methods to Control the Morphology of Nanostructures	p. 35
Electrochemical (Anodic) Oxidation	p. 37
Principles and Examples	p. 37
Mechanism of Nanotube Growth	p. 40
Methods to Control the Morphology of Nanotubes	p. 42
Conclusions	p. 45
Referencess	p. 45
Structural and Physical Properties of Elongated TiO₂ and Titanate Nanostructures	p. 50
Crystallography	p. 50
Crystallography of Titanate Nanotubes	p. 50
Crystallography of Titanate Nanofibres, Nanorods and Nanosheets	p. 56
Crystallography of Anodized and Template-Assisted TiO₂	p. 56
Conclusions	p. 57
Adsorption, Surface Area and Porosity	p. 58
Surface Area of Nanotubes	p. 58
Pore Volume of Nanotubes	p. 61
Effect of Ionic Charge on Adsorption from Aqueous Solutions	p. 64
Electronic Structure of Titanate Nanotubes	p. 66
Spectroscopy of Titanate Nanotubes: UV/VIS, PI, ESR, XPS, NMR, Raman and FTIR	p. 69
Electrical, Proton and Thermal Conductivities of Titanate Nanotubes	p. 77
Physical Properties of TiO2 Nanotube Arrays	p. 79
References	p. 81
Chemical Properties, Transformation and Functionalization of Elongated Titanium Oxide Nanostructures	p. 85
Thermodynamic Equilibrium between the Nanotube and its Environment	p. 85
Ion-Exchange Properties of Nanostructured Titanates	p. 89
Kinetic Characteristics of Ion-Exchange	p. 89
Decoration of Nanotubes using the Ion-Exchange Method	p. 94
Decoration of Substrates with Nanotubes	p. 97
Surface Chemistry and Functionalization of Nanostructured Titanates	p. 100
Stability of Nanotubes and Phase Transformations	p. 102
Thermal Stability	p. 102
Acidic Environments	p. 105
Mechanical Treatment	p. 105
References	p. 106
Potential Applications	p. 109
Energy Conversion and Storage	p. 109
Solar Cells	p. 109
Lithium Batteries	p. 114
Fuel Cells and Batteries	p. 117
Hydrogen Storage and Sensing	p. 119
Catalysis, Electrocatalysis and Photocatalysis	p. 121
Reaction Catalysis	p. 121
Supercapacitors and General Electrochemistry	p. 127
Photocatalysis in Elongated Titanates and TiO2	p. 128
Magnetic Materials	p. 137
Drug Delivery and Bio-Applications	p. 138
Composites, Surface Finishing and Tribological Coatings	p. 140
Other Applications	p. 141
References	p. 142
Subject Index	p. 150
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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Titanate and Titania Nanotubes

9781847559104

1847559107

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